1. Course Outline
1
1 . D oors andW indows
2. Lintels andArches
1 class
1 class
3. Stairsand Other Arrangements forVertical Circulation 1 class
1 class
1 class
1 class
1class
1W eek
1 a class
4. Finishing W orks
5. Fittings and Built in Furniture
6. Building systems -Timber Construction
7. Balconies ,Fire Places and Chimneys
8. Field trip
9. Waterproofing
10.Site management, Shoring, Underpinning,
Scaffolding and Form W ork
11.Written examination
1class
9 J
une (8.00AM to
6.00PM)
3. Main Emphasis
3
• Interior Surface Finishes that include:
⦁Floor Finishes,
⦁Wall Finishes,
⦁Ceiling Finishes,
⦁Soft Furnishings.
4. 5
⦁ Summary of some commonly used interior finishes
Floor Walls Ceilings Soft
furnishing
s
Thick Liquid joint less Floors Plaster plaster
Thin Liquid Paints
Clear
Finish
Paints
Clear
Finish
Paints
Thick Solid Timber
based Clay
based
Stone based
Stone
Ceramic
tiles
Mirror/glass
Timber
Metal
Panels &
Tiles
Plasterboard
Thin Solid Thin sheet &
tile materials
Timber
Veneers Cork
Plastic
5. Factors to consider in selecting finishing materials:
5
a) Durability
Cleaning & and maintenance facilities available
Wear &tear due to abrasion, water or chemicalspillage, impactfrom foot
traffic or moveable furniture,etc.
b) Economy
Cost of material & Installation.
Cleaning & maintenance cost
c) Comfort & appearance
Softness of the finish to touch or underfoot,
Glare,cased by reflective surfaces by bright colors or or dullness caused
dark colors,
Acoustic & thermal insulation properties,
Visual & thermal insulation properties,
Visual effects ofcolor
,texture & pattern
d) Safety aspects
Fire Hazard,
Injury caused by hard or sharp edge of finishes
I UC 2102
6. • FLOOR FINISHES
Durability is the most importa
IN
n
G
t
C
conC
sT
id
ON
eration
O ther considerations include:
a) The means of maintenance & cleaning,
b) Cost,
c) Appearance:- texture,pattern & color are to be
selectedWRT style,function,room size,etc.
d) Comfort:- noise level,warmth & fatigue on feet
e) Safety:(accidents can be caused by use of
slippery ff in machine shops or stairs)
6
7. J
oint less Liquid Floor
7
• Laid in liquid form & then hardens,
• No frequent joints except where cracking caused by
shrinkage is to be avoided (Granolithic,terrazzo &
cement screed floors are laid in‘bays’),
• Mainly used in industrial bldgs.,
• Cement screeds ,widely used as base to receive other
floor finishes (e.g.cork,carpet and p.v
.c.)
8. • Solid,rigid and mostly over 15
I
LD
m
m
t
T
hic
C
R
k,
• These finishes include:
a) Timber based,
b) Clay based,
c) Stone based.
8
Thick Solid Floor Finishes
14. Stone based
14
⦁ Quarried & cut to slabs from naturally occurring rocks.
⦁ Classification:based on geological formation
a) Igneous rocks,(granite)
b) Sedimentary rocks,( Sand stone and lime stone)
c) Metamorphic rocks,(Marble,Slate and Quartzite)
⦁ Stone is costly
,hard,noisy but hard-wearing
16. Thin solid materials
16
⦁ Thickness:- usually < 15mm thick
⦁ Flexible
⦁ Available in both sheet & tile form (except forVinyl
asbestos & thermoplastic)
⦁ Bonded to the floor with adhesive (screed on concrete
or plywood or hardboard on timber board)
⦁ Thermoplastic requires softening heating before
laying
⦁ Other e,g,linoleum,vinyl based finishes,cork &
rubber
19. Carpets
19
⦁ T
oo many variety :- selection often confusing
⦁ Distinction based on:-
⦁ nature of fiber
,
⦁ type of pile & backing,
⦁ color difference
20. B C C S (British Carpet classification scheme)
20
⦁ BCCS classification based on suitability of use
1. Class 1 - Light domestic use e.g.bedrooms
2. Class 2 – Medium domestic/light contract use e.g. hotel
bedrooms with light traffic
3. Class 3 – General domestic/medium contract use e.g. hotel
bedrooms public areas of small buildings
4. Class 4 Heavy domestic/general contract use e.g. heavy
domestic use. Public areas to general use, hotels, shops,
restaurants,offices,etc
5. Class 5 Heavy contract use e.g. all heavy traffic areas of
commercial buildings
6. Class Luxury (carpet superior to grade 3,designed for
comfort & visual appeal,not necessarily for high durability
22. Fibers
22
⦁ Individual stands of yarn used for weaving carpet
⦁ Determine the quality of the carpet
⦁ Acrylic,nylon,polyester
,polypropylen,viscose rayon &
wool are the mostly used fibers,
⦁ Fibers are blended to provide:-
a) Sufficiently economical
b) Able to provide specific
26. Adhesives
26
⦁ Used commonly for fixing foam-backed & needle-punch
carpets
⦁ These include:
⦁ Rubber/resin emulation adhesives,
⦁ Acrylic emulation adhesives,
⦁ Adhesives provide
⦁ Permanent bond
⦁ T
emporary bond
27. G rippers
27
⦁ Used to fiAxminister &W ilton carpets
⦁ Consist of stripes of plywood with two rows of
projecting angled spike,
⦁ Stripes are fitted around the perimeter of the carpet
(around the skirting) by either nailing or bonding with
strong contact adhesive.
⦁ Accessories available include:
⦁ Threshold stripes for insulation,
⦁ Edge stripes for use at bare edge of carpet
28. Matting
⦁ Used for entrance lobbies harsh treatment,
⦁ Entrance mats should protect dust carried through to the
other floor finishes,
⦁ Thick matting should be recessed into a‘mat well’ to
achieve level mat & floor surfaces,
⦁ Mat wells are usually lined with frmes to protect both the
floor & mat edges
28
29. WALLS
29
⦁ Factors to consider for selection:
Durability
,Maintenance,cleaning cost
Appearance
Sound control
Thermal insulation
Resistance to the spread of flame
30. Plaster
30
⦁ Old craft,provides a smooth,flat wall surface,
⦁ In the past Plaster was based on lime,but today it is
based on gypsum,
⦁ Hemi-hydrate & anhydrous gypsum are extracted (150-
170 & 190-220 O C respectively)
31. Types of Plaster
31
⦁ ClassA:hemihydrate gypsum plaster (Plaster of Paris)
⦁ Class B:retarded hemihydrate gypsum plaster
⦁ Class C:anhydrous gypsum plaster
⦁ Class D:Keene’
s Plaster
It is also classified as:
T
ype a:Undercoat Plaster
,
T
ype b:Finish Plaster
