1. a.
b..
c.
• Plotted the graph of atomic volume against
______________.
• He found that elements at equivalent positions
on the curve of the graph had similar
____________________.
Development Of The Periodic Table
Antoine Lavoisier
Johann W.Dobereiner
.John Newlands
• Classified element into _____ groups.
• Four groups are _______, non-metals, metals and
______________.
• Classified elements with similar chemical
properties in three elements.
• Introduced ___________ law
• Arrange elements according to their increasing
_________________.
• Elements with similar characteristic repeated at
every __________
• Introduced laws of ________________
d.Lothar Meyer
e.Dmitri Mendeleev
f.Henry Mosely
• Arranged the elements according to their
_____________ order of ___________________.
• Had left _________ spaces in his periodic table to
be filled by elements, yet to be discovered.
• Arranged the elements in the periodic table
according to their increasing ________________.
• introduced the concepts of ______________ of
each element
1
2. nthoine Lavoiser
John obeiner
ohn Newlands
other Meyer
Dmitri andaleev
Hendry oseley
A
D
J
L
M
M
1) Which of the following chemistst arranged elements
according to ascending order of proton number?
A. Dmitri Mandeleev
B. John Newlands
C. Hendry Moseley
D. Lother Meyer
2 ) Which of the following chemists arranged the
elements in order of increasing atomic mass in
The Periodic Table ?
Antara ahli kimia berikut, yang manakah telah
menyusun unsur-unsur dalam Jadual Berkala
berdasarkan pertambahan jisim atom?
A. Dmitri Mendeleev
B. Johann Dobereiner
C. John Newland
D. Henry Moseley
2
3. 1. Elements in the Periodic table are arranged in the __________________
Order of __________________ from left to right.
1. Group means ______________ column of elements in the Periodic Table.
2.Elements with same ___________________ are placed into same group.
3.Elements in the same group show similar __________________________.
Examples:
Elements Electron arrangement No of Valence electron Group
11 Na
12 Mg
13 Al
16 S
Basic Principle of arrangement of elements in the Periodic Table Of Elements
Group
1. Period means ________________ row of elements in the
Periodic table.
2. The element in the same Period because the elements have
same ___________________________ filled with _____________.
Example
Elements Electron
arrangement
No of shells filled
with electrons
Period
17 Cl
54 Xe
12 Mg
Describe the position Element in the Periodic Table.
Explain your answer. [5 Marks]
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Period
Essay Question
14X
3
4. QUESTION:
1) Which of the following elements exist as monoatomic gases? __________
2) Which Element Chemically inert? ____________
3) Explain your answer? ___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
USES:
GROUP 18: NOBLE GASES He Need A Knee X- Ray
Physical properties:
• _____________ gases
• Exist as ______________ gases
• Has _______m/p and b/p
• Do not ________ electricity
Going down the group:
a) Atomic size : __________
• Proton ________________
• Number __________________________
b) M/p &b/p : increases
• Atomic size ______________
• Strength of _____________ force become
stronger
• Thus ____________ required to overcome the
forces of attraction
Group 18:
Noble gases
Uses
Helium
• Fills in
• Fills in
Neon • Fills___________________________________
• Airport _______________________________
• Electric discharge through glass tube contain
neon to produce red light
Argon
• Fills in electric light to _____________________
• Provide _________ environment for welding
work
Krypton
• _________ light for retine treatment
• _____________________________
Xenon • ________________________________
Radon
• Use for ___________________________
•
4
5. 1) Father of Modern Periodic Table:
___________________________
2) Meaning of:
I) Group:________________________________
________________________________
ii) Period : _______________________________
_______________________________
4)Which Element Exist as:
I) Monoatomic gases: _________
ii) Diatomic molecule : _________
3) Name the group:
I) Group 1: _____________________
ii) Group 2 : _____________________
iii) Group 3 -12 ___________________
iv) Group 17 : ____________________
v) Group 18: _____________________
5) How the elements in the
periodic table are arranged:
__________________________
__________________________
6) State the Elements exist as
I)Metals : _________________
ii) Non Metals : _____________
x
7) Write the electron arrangement of
element
I) C : _________________
ii) E : __________________
iii) F: __________________
8)State the position of following elements
I) 19W : _ _________________
ii) 7K : __________________
iii) 18Q: __________________
9)Write the formula of ion formed by
I) C: __________________
ii) G : __________________
iii) D: __________________
iv F: __________________
5
Basic Principle of Arrangement of elements in the Periodic Table Of Elements
6. 39GwAQ7PeH7fJTFa4DXguurfn7GULq2pTs
GROUP 1: ALKALI METALS
• called Alkali metals because ther reacts with
water formed _________________
• In Group 1 because have _____________
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:
• __________ and _________ metals
• __________ metals can be cut using knife
• can conduct electricity and heat
• Kept in _______________ oil
Li
Na
K
Rb
Cs
Fr
WHEN GOING DOWN THE GROUP 1:
Physical Properties
• Atomic Radius _____________
• Density _________________
• Melting and boiling point ___________
Chemical Properties:
• Reactivity _______________
• Electropositivity ________________
Li
Na
K
Rb
Cs
Fr
1) Question: Explain there changes occur when going down the group 1.
Atomic Radius :___________________________________
• When going down the group _________________
increases
• Number of ______________________________
with electrons __________
3Li
11Na
19K
2) Question: Explain there changes occur when going down the group 1.
Reactivity :_____________________________________
• When going down the group ________________
increases
• Distance between __________ and the valence shell
getting ______________________
• Nucleus forces of attraction towards its valence
electrons getting _______
• Thus ___________ easly loss its valence electron to
_________________________________________
3Li
11Na
19K
Reactivity of group 1 metals:
WHICH ELEMENT IS REACTIVE / ELECTROPOSITIVE? EXPLAIN
11X
19Y
* ____ is more reactive than ______
* Atomic size of ____ is bigger than _____
* Nucleus forces of attraction of _____ towards its
valence electron is _______
than ___
* Thus ___ easily loss its valence electron to achieved
stable octet electron arrangement.
6
7. a) Reaction with Water
1. Problem statement: ___________ the reactivity of alkali metal elements
With water change when ___________ the group __.
2. Variable:
i. Manipulated:_________________________________________
ii. Responding :_________________________________________
iii. Constant : ________________________________________
3. Hypothesis :When going down group 1, ___________ of group 1 elements
With water ___________________.
4.Materials: Small pieces of __________, _________, potassium, distilled water
Filter paper, red litmus paper.
Apparatus: Glass trough , knife, forceps
5.Procedure:
a. A small piece of lithium is ____ using a knife and __________
b. The ____________ oil on the surface of lithium is dried using ____________
c. The lithium is dropped __________ onto the surface of water in the glass trough
using forceps.
d. The Observations are _____________________
e. The solution formed is tested with ________ litmus paper.
f. Step 1 until 5 are _________________ using ___________ and ___________
to replace _______________.
5) Observation
Metal Observation
Lithium
Lithium moves slowly on water surface with a ‘hiss’
sound produce colourless solution which turns red
litmus paper into blue
Sodium
Moves very quickly produce ‘hiss’ sound. A colourless
solution which turns red litmus paper into blue is
formed.
Potassium
6. Write the chemical Equations
i) Lithium reacts with water
_________________________________________________
ii) Sodium reacts with water
_________________________________________________
iii) Potassium reacts with water
_________________________________________________
7. Operational definition for reactivity of metal.
What done: __________________________________________
What observed: _______________________________________
Answer: _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
Amali Kimia: Chemical Properties of Group 1
7
8. a) Reaction with Oxygen
a) Write the chemical Equations
i) Lithium reacts with Oxygen
_______________________________________________
ii) Sodium reacts with Oxygen
_______________________________________________
iii) Potassium reacts with Oxygen
_______________________________________________
b)State you Observation
Metal Observation
Li
Lithium Burns slowly with ____ flame produced white solid.
The white solid dissolves to produces a _________________
solution which turn _____ litmus paper to _______
Na
Burns ____________ with yellow flame produce white
solid.The white solid dissolves to produces a
_________________ solution which turn _____ litmus paper
to _______.
K
a) Reaction with Halogen
a) Write the chemical Equations
i) Lithium reacts with Chlorine
__________________________________________________
ii) Sodium reacts with Chlorine
__________________________________________________
iii) Potassium reacts with Chlorine
__________________________________________________
b)State you Observation
Metal Observation
Li
Lithium Burns slowly with ____ flame produced white solid
Na
Burns brightly with yellow flame produce white solid
K
8
9. 1) Transition elements are located in __________________ of the
periodic table.
2) All are transition metals except ________________
1) All exist as ______ except ________ exist as liquid at room condition
2) shiny surface
3) They have high __________ strength and ____________
4) They have _____ melting and boiling point compared to non- transition
elements.
5) They are Good conductor of _________ and _________.
6
TRANSITION ELEMENTS (GROUP 3 – GROUP 12)
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
1) Shows different __________________ in their compound
2)Formed ______________________ or ____________________
3) Formed ______________________ ions
4) Act as _______________________________
Transition Elements Formula of ions Oxidation numbers
Iron
Copper
Nickel
Chromium
Process Catalyst
Haber Process
Contact Process
Ostwald Process
Hydrogenation/ margerine
SPECIAL Characteristics of Transition Elements
A) Shows Different Oxidation Numbers in their compound
B) ACT AS CATALYST
TRANSITION METALS
9
10. Transition Ions Colour
Iron(II ) ions
Nickel (ii) ion
Chromium(III) ion
Copper(ii) ion
Manganate(vii) ion
Dichromate(vi) ion
Cobalt(ii) ion
Common Name Complex ion
Iron(ii) ion Fe 2+
Iron(iii) ion Fe 3+
Copper(ii) ion Cu 2+
Molecule/ ion Name
Water H2O
Ammonia NH3
Cyanide ion CN-
1)Name the following complex ions.
a) [Fe(CN)6]4 – :__________________________
b) [Fe(CN)6]3 – : __________________________
c) [CuCl4]2+ : __________________________
2)Answer question based on the diagram below
a) Which the element that formed coloured ion?_______________
b) Which elements have different oxidation numbers?__________
c) State the industrial uses of element B?__________________________
d) Which element is transition element? _____
f) State four special characteristic of element from group 3 until group 12?
i) __________________________________________________
ii)__________________________________________________
iii)__________________________________________________
iv)__________________________________________________
C) FORMED COLOURED IONS AND COMPOUND
D) FORMED COMPLEX IONS
Prefix value
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
10
11. Period 3:
1) Explain Why these elements are placed in period 3?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
2) Which element is most stable? Explain your answer.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Period 3:
Physical state
Metallic
Character
Electrical
Conductivity
Atomic radius
PERIOD 3: ELEMENTS
When Going Across Period 3
11
12. 1) All period 3 elements can reacts with oxygen.
2) Chemical equation and the formula of oxide form:
Period
3
Chemical Equation: reaction with Oxygen Formula of
oxide
Na
Mg
Al
Si
P
S
Cl
PERIOD 3 ELEMENTS AND THEIR REACTION WITH OXYGEN
1)Period 3 oxides can be classified into Basic oxide, __________ and
_______________
2) Amphoteric oxide means: _________________________________
______________________________________________________
3) Which element in period 3 can react with oxygen form amphoteric
oxide?___________
3) Elements that reacts with oxygen and form Amphoteric oxide is?____
OXIDE Na2O SiO2 Cl2O7
Property
Of oxide
OXIDE Na2O SiO2 Cl2O7
OXIDE OF PERIOD 3 AND ITS PROPERTIES
OXIDE Na2O SiO2 Cl2O7
Solubilty
in
Water
12
13. 1) Diagram above show the reaction between sodium and
oxygen gas.
a) Write the chemical equation in this reaction
_____________________________________________
[ 2 marks ]
b)Name the product formed in this reaction? [ 1 mark ]
_____________________________________________
c) The product fromed in (b) is dissolved in water as shown
in diagram below.
c i) Write the chemical equation when the white solid is dissolve in
water.
____________________________________________________
[ 2 marks]
ii) State the observation when red litmus paper is immerse into the
solution formed.
_____________________________________________________
[ 1 mark]
d) 10g of sodium is heated in oxygen gas, calculate the mass of oxide
formed. [RAM Na= 23 O=16] [ 3 marks ]
e) From the periodic table above, which element reacts with oxygen
formed Amphoteric Oxide?
_____________________________________ [ 1mark]
Structure Questions.
Oxygen gas
Sodium
White solid from
from reaction
between sodium
and oxygen
Water
Al
K Fe Br Kr
12
glass
rod
14. 1) Halogen exist as :_________________
___________________________________________
2) Halogen are non metals
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF HALOGEN:
1) Physical state:
• Flourine F2 :_____________
• Chlorine Cl2 :_____________
• Bromine Br2 :_____________
• Iodine I2 : ____________
• Astatine At2 : ____________
2) Colour:
• Flourine F2 :_____________
• Chlorine Cl2 :_____________
• Bromine Br2 :_____________
• Iodine I2 : ____________
WHEN GOING DOWN THE GROUP 17:
9F
17Cl
35Br
GROUP 17: HALOGEN
HALOGEN:
• Atomic Radius:_______________________
• Melting and boiling point: ______________
• Colour become:_______________________
• Reactivity:___________________________
WHEN GOING DOWN THE GROUP 17:
9F
17Cl
35Br
Reactivity : ___________________________
• Atomic Radius_________________
• Number of __________ increases
• Distance between nucleus and ___________ shell
increases
• ________ forces of attraction towards
________electron become______
• Tendency to ________ an electron as to achieve
________ electron arrangement is _______
13
15. 1)All halogen can dissolve in ___________
2) Solubility of halogen __________ as it goes down Group 17
3) Halogen reacts with water formed two __________
a) State the function of Potassium manganate(vii) and
concentrated hydrochloric acid?
______________________________________________
b) Write the chemical equation.
_______________________________________________
c) State your Observation in this experiment
_______________________________________________
B) Reaction with Iron:
a) Write the chemical equation when halogen reacts with iron
Chlorine: _______________________________________________________
Bromine: _______________________________________________________
Iodine : _______________________________________________________
b) State your Observation.
Halogen Observation
Chlorine
Bromine
Iodine
CHEMICAL REACTION OF HALOGEN
A) Chlorine reacts with water:
14
16. C) REACTION WITH ALKALI.
a) Write the chemical equation when halogen reacts with
Sodium hydroxide
Chlorine: ________________________________________
Bromine: ________________________________________
Iodine : ________________________________________
Question:
Diagram 2 shows part of the Periodic Table of Elements. V, W, X,
Y, Z and U do not represent the actual symbols of the elements.
1 18
2 13 14 15 16 17
V W
X Y Z
U
Using the letters in diagram 2,answer the following questions
a) Which element exist as diatomic molecule?
___________________________________________________
b) Why are elements X, Y and Z placed in the same period?
____________________________________________________
c) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between
element X and oxygen gas.
_____________________________________________________
d) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between
element Z and water?
_____________________________________________________
e) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between
element Z reacts with Iron
____________________________________________________
f) Element Z dissolves in Sodium hydroxide to produce a solution.
Complete the equation for the reaction.
Z2 + NaOH → ............. + .............. +………..
g) Complete the table below
Process Catalyst
Haber
Contact
Ostwald
Hydrogenation/ Margerine
Halogen: Cl2 /Br2 /I2
Sodium Hydroxide
15
17. Aim: Solubilty of oxide compound in water
Table below shows the result of experiments to investigate the
acid-base properties of aluminium oxide when dissolved in
nitric acid and sodium hydroxide solution.
Exp
Reaction
Tindakbalas
Observation
Pemerhatian
I
II
Exp Reaction Observation
III
IV
2) For this experiment, state all variables.
(i) Manipulated : __________________________________________
(ii) Responding : ___________________________________________
(iii) Constant : ____________________________________________
Sodium oxide
Water
Air
Colourless solution
Colour of red litmus
paper turns blue
Sulphur dioxide gas
Water
Colourless
solution
Colour of blue
litmus paper turns
red
Nitric acid
Aluminium
oxide
7.0
Colourless
solution
Aluminium
oxide
Sodium hydroxide
solution
7.0
Colourless
solution
3) State the inference on the observation.
____________________________________________________
1Hypothesis:
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
AIM: To investigate the properties of Period 3 oxides Compound
16
18. 4. State the operational definition for amphoteric oxide.
What Observed + What Done
Answer:
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
5 . Classify the following compounds acidic oxide and basic oxide.
Silicon dioxide, SiO2
Silikon dioksida, SiO2
Copper(II) oxide, CuO
Kuprum(II) oksida, CuO
Magnesium oxide, MgO
Magnesium oksida, MgO
Phosphorus (V) oxide, P2O5
Fosforus(V) oksida, P2O5
Acidic oxide
Oksida asid
Basic oxide
Oksida bes
NOTES:
Aluminium oxide Al2O3 :
• known as Amphoteric Oxide
• An oxide that can reacts with both acids and alkaline solution
Properties of an Oxide:
Period 3:
oxides
Na2O MgO Al2O3
SiO2 P2O5 SO2 Cl2O7
Characteristic
17
24. c) Which element is monoatomic gas? Give a reason.
Unsur manakah gas monoatom? Berikan satu sebab.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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[1 mark / markah]
d) D and F are placed in the same group in the Periodic Table of Elements.
When D and F are put into water, an alkaline solution is formed.
D dan F berada di dalam kumpulan yang sama dalam Jadual Berkala
Unsur. Apabila D dan F dimasukkan ke dalam air, satu larutan beralkali
terhasil.
i) Which element is more reactive?
Unsur yang manakah lebih reaktif?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[1 mark / markah]
ii) Explain your answer in d(i).
Terangkan jawapan anda di d(i).
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[2 marks / markah]
1 Diagram 1 shows part of the Periodic Table of Elements. A, B, C, D, E and F are
not the actual symbols of the elements.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan sebahagian daripada Jadual Berkala Unsur. A, B, C, D, E
dan F bukan merupakan simbol sebenar unsur.
Diagram 1/Rajah 1
a) i) E is situated in Group 17. What is another name of Group 17?
E terletak di dalam Kumpulan 17. Apakah nama lain bagi Kumpulan 17?
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[1 mark / markah]
ii) Write the electron arrangement for E atom.
Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom E.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[1 mark / markah]
b) Arrange A, B, C, D, E and F in ascending order of the atomic size.
Susunkan A, B, C, D, E dan F dalam tertib menaik saiz atom.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[1 mark / markah]
24
25. c) The atomic size of Y is smaller than X. Explain why.
Saiz atom Ylebih kecil daripada atom X. Terangkan mengapa.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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[2 marks / markah]
d) Element Q has three shells occupied with electron and three valence
electrons.
Mark Q, in Diagram 3 to indicate the position of element Q.
Element Q mempunyai tiga petala berisi 25lectron dan tiga 25lectron
valens.
Tanda Q, di dalam Rajah 3 bagi menunjukkan kedudukan unsur Q.
[1 mark / markah]
e) Write the chemical equation when Y is dissolved in water.
Tulis persamaan kimia apabila Y dilarutkan dalam air.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[2 marks / markah]
3 Diagram 3 shows a part of the Periodic Table of Elements. W, X, Y and Z are
not the actual symbols of the elements.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan sebahagian daripada Jadual Berkala Unsur. W, X, Y
dan Z bukan simbol sebenar unsur tersebut.
Diagram 3/Rajah 3
a) i) Write an electron arrangement of atom W.
Tuliskan susunan electron bagi atom W.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[1 mark / markah]
ii) Which of the element exist as a diatomic molecule?
Unsur manakah yang wujud sebagai molekul dwiatom?
[1 mark / markah]
b) The information below shows the special characteristics of an element in
Diagram 3.
Maklumat di bawah menunjukkan ciri istimewa bagi suatu unsur dalam
Rajah 3.
Which element shows the above characteristics?
Unsur manakah menunjukkan ciri di atas?
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[1 mark / markah] 25
