From this presentation anyone can get a clear concept about Manatees.

1. Presented by
Nazmul Haque Syekat
Roll:ASH1802050M

2.  Genaral Characteristics
 Types of Manatee
 Habitats And Distribution
 Diet And Eating Habitat
 Body Structure
 Communication
 Adaptation
 Reproduction
 Care of the young
 Threats of Manatee

3.  Manatees (Trichechus manatus) are typically found in
shallow coastal areas and rivers.
 Mainly they feed sea grass, mangrove leaves, and algae.
 The manatee is a very slow moving mammal.Their
average speed is about 5 miles per hour.
 A manatee can live up to 60 years of age with the right
condition.
 Manatees are Herbivores,that means they eat plants and
vegetations.
 They can grew at least 8 to 9 meters.
 They are also called as sea cow.

4.  Kingdom: Animalia
 Phylum: Chordata
 Class: Mammalia
 Order: Sirenia
 Family: Trichechidae
 Genus:Trichechus
 Species:Trichechus manatus

5. West Indian Manatee
African Manatee
Amazonian Manatee
There Are three types of Manatee.

6.  All living species are found in warm tropical and subtropical waters .
 The West Indian Manatee aboundant throughout the tropic and subtropical
western North and South Atlantic and Caribbean waters.
 West African manatees range from Senegal to Angola, on the west coast of
Africa.
 Amazonian manatees are the only species of manatee confined to fresh water.
 The West Indian and West African manatees inhabit rivers, bays, canals, estuaries,
and coastal areas rich in seagrass and other vegetation.
 West Indian manatees may be found in any waterway over 1 m (3.25 ft.
 West African manatees live in quiet coastal areas, large rivers, lagoons, and
connected lakes, where the water temperature is above 18°C.

7.  Manatees are primarily herbivores. They feed on a wide
variety of submerged, emergent, floating, and shoreline
vegetation.
 Manatees in Florida feed on more than 60 species of plants
including turtle grass, manatee grass, shoal grass, mangrove
leaves, various algae, water hyacinth, acorns, and hydrilla.
 In Sierra Leone, Africa, the West African manatee is
considered a pest because they consume fields of planted rice
 Antillean manatees have been known to eat fish from nets
and West African manatees have been known to eat clams
 Manatees consume about 4% to 9% of their body weight in
wet vegetation daily.Because manatees have a very low
metabolic rate.
 Manatees use their front flippers and large, flexible lips to
manipulate vegetation.

8.  External
Appendages
 Flipper
 Muzzle
 Nostril
 Teats
 Eye & Ear
 Tail
 Notch

9.  Internal Organs:
 Heart
 Liver
 Brain
 Trachea
 Kidney
 Lung
 Stomach
 Esophagus
 Duodenum
 Smal Intestine
 Large Intestine

10. Male and Female Manatee

11. Sound Production:
Manatees emit sounds under water. The chirps,
whistles, or squeaks are probably produced in the
larynx. They seem to make these sounds when
they are frightened, sexually aroused, or
interacting with each other.
Vocalizations are an integral part of the cow-
calf relationship. Cows respond to their calves
from more than 61 m away.
Other Communication:
Manatees may communicate through sound,
sight, taste, touch, and smell.

12. Swimming
 Manatees are quite agile and maneuver well under water.
 Florida manatees swimming at speeds up to 24 kph (15 mph)
for short bursts, but usually cruise about 3 to 10 kph (2-6 mph)
or less.
Diving
 Although manatees are excellent swimmers, the deepest an
individual has been seen diving is 10 m (33 ft.). They normally
feed no deeper than about 3 m (10 ft.) below the surface of the
water.
 All marine mammals have special physiological adaptations for
diving. These adaptations enable a manatee to conserve oxygen
while under water.
Respiration
 Studies show that manatees renew about 90% of the air in
their lungs in a single breath (humans renew only about 17%).
 While resting, manatees can stay submerged for as long as 20
minutes.

13. Sexual Maturity
 Male manatees are sexually mature by about Nine to Ten years,
although some have produced viable sperm at two to three years
of age.
 Female manatees are sexually mature as young as three years of
age..
 Females are usually larger than males.
Mating Activity
 Mating takes place in the water in a variety of postures.
 Breeding herds consist of one cow in estrus accompanied by
several bulls. An estrus female can be pursued for weeks by
several males. The cow often twists and turns violently,
apparently to escape her suitors. The bulls meanwhile attempt to
remain adjacent to her, presumably competing with each other to
become the first to mate with her.
 While in estrous, cows may mate with several bulls. Cows do
not form permanent bonds with bulls.

14. Captive Breeding
 Manatees breed well in captivity, but it
is not known how successful the
offspring would be if released. Since
space is limited at zoological facilities,
emphasis is placed on the rehabilitation
and reintroduction of injured manatees
instead of breeding them.
 Zoological institutions in Florida are on
a voluntary breeding hold. Until the
numerous problems are corrected in the
manatee's natural environment, a
breeding program will not be beneficial
to them.

15.  The new born calf is capable of
swimming to the surface on its own for its
first breath.
 Calves vocalize at or soon after birth. This
auditory form of communication is an
important part of the mother-calf bonding
process.
 The calf begins to nurse within a few
hours after birth by suckling from teats
under the pectoral flippers. Calves nurse
under water.
 Manatee milk contains mostly water with
20% solids, 7% protein, and 13% fat
(lipids).
 Calves begin nibbling on plants within a
few weeks of birth.

16. Habitat
Loss
Red tideillegal
Hunting
Ship
Strikes

17.  https://seaworld.org/animals/all-about/manatees/
 https://slideplayer.com/slide/6405224/
 https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-
nature/14-fun-facts-about-manatees-
180950308/
 https://www.manatee-world.com/manatees/
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manatee
 https://www.broward.org/Manatees/Pages/Default.
aspx