Tools used in quality control

1. MODERN TRENDS
IN
QUALITY CONTROL
-MANUFACTURING-

2. INTRODUCTION
Globalization, intense competitive
environment, customer awareness etc. forces the
manufacturing industries to offer higher product
quality which is the main requirement to gain global
market share.
Satisfying the customer with high quality
products in the shortest time possible at lowest cost
is the key to success of any organization in the
market. To cope up and retain the position in this
environment, it is a necessary requirement for any
manufacturing industry to keep focusing on quality
management

3. Quality Tools & Techniques For Quality
Management
A single tool is a device with a clear function, and is usually
applied on its own, whereas a technique has a wider application and is
understood as a set of tools. Thus, Ishikawa and McConnell have
identified a list of seven TQM tools: flow charts, cause and effect
diagrams, Pareto charts, histograms, run charts and graphs, X bar and
R control charts and scatter diagrams.
Also, Imai, Dean and Evans, Goetsch and Davis, Dale, and
Evans and Lindsay have offered a list of tools and techniques for
quality improvement. For their part, Dale and McQuater have
identified the tools and techniques most widely used by firms

4. Seven Basic Quality Tools
• Cause And Effect Diagram
• Check Sheet
• Control Chart
• Flow chart
• Histogram
• Pareto Diagram
• Scatter diagram

5. CAUSE AND EFFECT DIAGRAM
A Cause-and-Effect
Diagram is a tool that helps
identify, sort, and display possible
causes of a specific problem or
quality characteristic.
It graphically illustrates the
relationship between a given
outcome and all the factors that
influence the outcome.

6. CHECK SHEET
The check sheet is a simple
document that is used for collecting data
in real-time and at the location where the
data is generated.
The document is typically a
blank form that is designed for the quick,
easy, and efficient recording of the
desired information, which can be either
quantitative or qualitative

7. CONTROL CHART
A control chart is a
statistical tool used to distinguish
between variation in a process
resulting from common causes and
variation resulting from special
causes.
It presents a graphic
display of process stability or
instability over time

8. FLOW CHART
The Flow Chart provides a visual
representation of the steps in a
process or a diagram that uses
graphic symbols to depict the nature
and flow of the steps in a process.

9. HISTOGRAM
One uses this graph to show
frequency distributions. It looks very
much like a bar chart. This chart
graphs data distributions.
If you have numerical,
variable, continuous data you can use
this chart. The chart organizes and
sorts the data. It shows the data in a
pictorial format.

10. PARETO CHART
A Pareto chart, named after
Vilfredo Pareto, is a type of chart that
contains both bars and a line graph, where
individual values are represented in
descending order by bars, and the
cumulative total is represented by the line.
A simple rule, pareto, 20 % issues
causes 80 % results. This means, 80 % of
problems come from 20 of reasons. 80 %
of results come from 20% of work.

11. SCATTER DIAGRAM
It is used to determine if there is a
relationship or correlation between two
variables. It is used to display what happens
to one variable when another variable
changes in order to test a theory that the two
variables are related.
The data displayed on the scatter
diagram clearly show if there is a positive,
negative or no relationship between the two
variables.

12. MANAGEMENT TOOLS
 Affinity Diagram
 Arrow Diagram
 Matrix Diagram
 Matrix Data Analysis
 Process Decision
 Relation Diagram
 Systematic Diagram
Brainstorming
Control Plan
Force Field Analysis
Questionnaire
Sampling

13. TECHNIQUES
 Benchmarking
 Departmental Purpose Analysis
 Design Of Experiments
 Fault Tree Analysis
 Poka Yoke  Problem Solving Methodology
 Quality Function Deployment
 Quality Improvement Teams
 Statistical Process Control

14. CONCLUSION
The use of tools and techniques is a vital component of any
successful improvement process. Therefore, the use of tools and techniques
for quality improvement is necessary for quality improvement.
The weakness of certified firms is a lack of support for and
commitment towards the use of tools and techniques for quality
improvement, mainly regarding the basic tools; on the other hand, it must
also be admitted that there are some companies that have not benefited from
and improved their performance by using these techniques and tools.
The solution can be found in a higher managerial commitment,
promoting their use among all the employees, together with a planning and
training process covering teamwork methods and the use of these tools and
practices. In other words, managers may encourage a higher number of
employees to use these techniques in a way that benefits the whole firm.