3. LEADERSHIP TRAINING: TRAINING PROCESS
ACCESS READINESS FOR TRAINING (NEEDS ASSESSMENT)
ENSURE READINESS FOR TRAINING
PLANNING TRAINING PROGRAMS
- OBJECTIVES
- TRAINERS
- METHODS
IMPLEMENT TRAINING PROGRAM
EVALUATE RESULTS OF TRAINING
5. ENSURE READINESS FOR TRAINING
A combination of
employee
characteristics
and positive work
environment that
permit training
The necessary
employee
characteristics
• Ability to learn the
subject matter
• Favorable attitudes
toward the training
• Motivation to learn
A positive work
environment
encourages
learning and
avoids interfering
with training.
6. TRAINING PROCESSOBJECTIVES
Objectives include a
statement of:
- What the employee
is expected to do
- The quality or level
of acceptable
performance
– The conditions under
which the employee is
to apply what he or
she learned
TRAINER
In-house or
outsourced
METHODS
- Presentation
methods: lecture
– Hand-on
methods: on-the-
job training
– Group-building
methods: group
discussion
7. EVALUATE TRANSFER OF TRAINING
Transfer of Training: on-the-job
use of knowledge, skills, and
behaviors learned in training.
Can be measured by asking
employees three questions about
specific training tasks:
• Do you perform the task?
• How many times do you perform the
task?
• To what extent do you perform
difficult and challenging learned
tasks?
8. DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
Amount of Challenge
•Involves unusual problems,
difficult obstacles, and risky
decision
•Experiencing success in
handling challenges is
essential for leadership
development.
•Experiencing failure is also
important to the extent that
a person accepts some
responsibility for it,
acknowledges personal
limitations, and finds ways to
overcome them.
•When challenge is excessive,
support and coaching may be
needed.
Variety of Tasks or
Assignments
• Helps managers better adapt
to new situations and deal with
new types of problems.
• Includes special developmental
assignments, rotating among
positions in different functional
subunits, providing assignments
in both line and staff positions,
and making both foreign and
domestic assignments
Accurate, Relevant
Feedback
• Very important for learning and
development
• 360-Degree (or Multisource)
Performance Appraisal
• Using one person as a source
of information poses certain
problems such as:(1) bias and
(2) only see the employee in a
limited number of situations.
• To get as complete an
assessment as possible, some
organizations combine
information from most or all
of the possible sources
cancel out biases!
• Sources of ratings: leader
self-ratings + ratings by
bosses, peers, subordinates,
and outsiders
Other Developmental
Activities
• Mentoring: a relationship in
which a more experienced
manager helps a less
experienced protégé
• Executive coaching: usually for
high-level executives;
employed for a limited period
of time
• Simulations (or business games)
9. SELF-HELP ACTIVITIES
Includes diagnosing learning
needs
Identifying self-help techniques that are
relevant and available
• Books, instructional videos, workshops
• Personal growth programs – Designed to
improve self-awareness and overcome inner
barriers (e.g., comfort zone) to psychological
growth and development
Organization analysis: a process for determining the appropriateness of training by evaluating the characteristics of the organization. – ‘Can training support org strategy?’ • Person analysis: a process of determining individuals’ needs and readiness for training – ‘Do performance deficiencies result from a lack of knowledge, skill, or ability?’ – ‘Are these employees ready for training?’ • Task analysis: a process of identifying and analyzing tasks to be trained for – ‘Are tasks important, frequent, and difficult?’