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2012 team 1
1. Ek Shathe Shobai:
“Together, We Are One”
Strategies for Partnership in Development and Crisis Management
Barguna District Disaster Management Committee (DDMC), Bangladesh
2. Barguna District
• Culture:
• Muslim, family-centric, respect
for elders
• Demographics:
• 41% Literacy rate
• Agrarian society
• Vulnerabilities:
• Alluvial floodplain
• 3-year cyclone cycle
• High water salinity affecting
crops
3. Integrated Approach
“Every dollar spent on disaster preparedness
saves ten dollars on disaster response.”
• Partnership within leadership
• Mutual respect and transparency
• Sustainability
• Strengthening and empowering local capacities
• Raising a generation of trained responders
7. COMMUNITY
PREPAREDNESS
• Develop disaster response protocol models
• Work with elders to tailor to local needs
• Train elders and CSVs in disaster protocol
• Simple, reproducible principles
8. COMMUNITY
PREPAREDNESS
• Warning system
• Radios and cell phones
• Elders respond to national warnings and coordinate CSV
• CSV’s activate emergency plan and mobilization
• Emergency drills
• Strengthen transportation infrastructure
11. • Fortify temporary housing
• Distribute building materials: jutin, bricks, cement, bamboo, wood
• Community Centers
• Storm shelter
• Food distribution
• Community education and training
HOUSING
12. HOUSING
• Build durable housing
• Recruit, train, and employ local laborers
• Use of locally produced and manufactured materials
• Build storage facilities/ livestock shelters
• Non-emergency use: storage for farm equipment and medicines
• Emergency use: livestock shelters
13. HOUSING
• Develop storm barriers
• Mangrove and coconut trees
• At river banks, delta mouth, and around communities
• Land rights
• Equivalent to social status and power
• Work with government and community elders
• Modify legal structure surrounding land tenure
15. • Jutin™
• Locally abundant resource
• Cheap, durable construction material
• Early-Maturing, Saline-tolerant Rice
• Harvested before flooding can wipe out crop
• Able to grow in high salt conditions
LIVELIHOOD
16. LIVELIHOOD
DIVERSIFICATION:
• Gardening
• Saline-tolerant crops include spinach, tomato, okra
• Chickens
• Low maintenance, yield eggs and poultry meat
• Bees
• Produces a variety of honey and wax products
• Seafood
• Dyke cropping: Fish-rearing in symbiosis with rice
17. LIVELIHOOD
• Microfinance
• Partner with local Palli Karma-Sahayak Foundation for microcredit
• Help locals establish business plans
• Storage and Sale
• Storage for use during disaster
• Establishing mechanism for sale of products to neighboring
communities and export
19. • Clean water
• Testing and removal of arsenic from ground water
• Clay pot filters
• Distribution of plastic rain barrels for storage
• Education
• Hand washing hygiene
• Latrine maintenance
WATER & SANITATION
20. • Wells
• Tube wells
• Test water quality
• Latrines
• Women’s privacy
• Water catchment
• Pond sand filters
WATER & SANITATION
21. WATER & SANITATION
• Adherence to sanitation protocol
• Monitor potential health risks
• Flood Zone planning
• Minimizing overcrowding
• Health training and supplies
• Rehydration salts
23. Budget
• Housing: $12,594,300
• Livelihood
• Expenditure: $5,310,000
• Projected 5 year income: $5,060,000
• Community Preparedness: $1,955,000
• Water and Sanitation: $1,108,500
Grand Total Spent: $20,967,800
Grand Total Income Generated: $5,060,000
24. Evaluation
• Measurable outcomes
• Subjective: informal discussions and focus groups
• Objective: standard metrics for economic, health, and water
quality
• Challenges
• Solution
Phase 1: Community center/ Storm shelter
In non-emergent situation, serves as a community center, office space for local leaders and storage facility
In emergent situation, serves as temporary housing, food distribution, town hall
Phase 2: Work with NGOs to develop durable
Supplement NGO funding for temporary shelters to instead build long term durable housing
Phase 3: Focusing on training for maintenance and repair for local
Working with government to expedite the land tenure process
In the meantime we can do land leasing process
Risk reduction of cyclone damage (wind and water)
Goal: By using plants as a natural barrier
Stricter deforestation laws
Examples: Shrubs and trees that are able to grow in brackish water
Native plants grow best there
Trees
Coconut and Mangrove: can get food from both
Sabal palmeto trees: good for growing along roads because don’t take up much space
One group mapped out 125 km of coastal barriers of 5,000 trees
Shrubs
Grasses: Pearl millet (Bahra), does not need replanting and grows quick
In water.. How about now we teach how to construct their own rain barrels?
Arsenic water filters
Latrines
One per 20people/4 families
Distance from house needs to be between 6 and 15 meters
Drainage system in place that locals know how to use and fix
Kits ($) for making them and upkeeping them
Fenced in for women’s privacy
1 or 2 latrines per sector so that families are responsible for cleaning them
Periphery of village
Dimensions:
Build on a platform Latrines: 2 feet flood level
Wells
tube well bases 3-4 feet above ground)
Trained caretakers for routine repair and maintenance
Emergency wells dug 30-40 meters (4-5 men) can make 5 wells per week
Water tested for arsenic free
Think ahead and store water!!!!!!!!!! Tank should contain enough 15L per person per day
15 to 20 feet away from nearest latrine
10 to 15 meters deep and needs a filter
Experts do a subjective look at the situation
Talking to people, discussion, focus groups
Quantifiable ways of looking at it
Mangrove
Chickens
How many CSVs have been trained
How many people have been trained/practiced/drills
Triangulate
Quantifiable outcomes
Evaluation post event
Have a baseline from previous disaster, how things went/how went wrong, pre and post intervention
Use UN metrics
Challenges: indirect culture and people might say things to say, so beware of how you frame questions so people can feel comfortable saying yes
