The operating system (OS) is a crucial software that manages computer hardware, software An operating system is responsible for managing computer hardware and software resources, and it plays a vital role in providing common services for computer programs. One of its primary functions is to manage memory, allocating and deallocating it to running processes while ensuring that each process has sufficient memory to run without interfering with other running processes. Another important function is managing hardware devices, such as printers, scanners, and other peripherals, making them available to the applications that need them and managing their usage to avoid conflicts between different applications. Running applications in an isolated environment, where each application can only access the resources it needs to function correctly, is also a crucial function of an operating system. Security is another critical function of an operating system, which includes protecting the computer system from viruses, malware, and other security threats. Finally, an operating system provides an intuitive interface that users can use to interact with the computer system, access applications, and perform various tasks. Some popular operating systems include Windows, macOS, Linux, and Android, each with its unique features and capabilities. In conclusion, the operating system is an essential software that manages computer hardware and software resources, provides common services for computer programs, and acts as an interface between the hardware and user applications.

1. Discovering the World
of Operating Systems
Operating systems are at the heart of all modern technology. They make
our devices work, keep our information safe, and connect us to each other.
In this presentation, we'll explore everything you need to know about
operating systems, from the basics to the latest advances.
by Sowrab Hossain

2. The Definition of an Operating System
What is an
Operating
System?
The software that manages
hardware and software
resources in a computer or
mobile device.
Why Do We
Need Operating
Systems?
They provide a platform for
applications to run and
prevent conflicts between
programs.
Example
Operating
Systems
Windows, macOS, iOS,
Android, Linux

3. Functions of an Operating System
1 Memory Management
Allocating and deallocating memory to
programs and ensuring efficient use of
memory.
2
Device Management
Managing and communicating with
input/output devices such as printers
and cameras. 3 Security
Protecting against unauthorized access
and malicious software.
4
File Management
Organizing and storing files on disk and
allowing programs to access them.

4. Types of Operating Systems
Server Operating
Systems
Designed for use in enterprise
settings to manage servers and
run applications.
Mobile Operating
Systems
Specially developed for use on
mobile devices such as
smartphones and tablets.
Desktop Operating
Systems
Designed for personal computers
and workstations.

5. Key Components of an
Operating System
1 Kernel
The core of the operating system that communicates with hardware
to manage resources.
2 Shell
The interface between the user and the kernel, providing access to
the operating system's functions and features.
3 Device Drivers
Software that allows hardware devices to communicate with the
operating system.
4 Utilities
Additional software that provides tools such as file management
and diagnostics.

6. Operating System User Interface
1 Command Line Interface
(CLI)
An interface that allows users to type
commands and control the operating
system using only text.
2
Graphical User Interface
(GUI)
A visual interface that allows users to
interact with the operating system by
clicking buttons, icons, and menus.

7. Latest Advances in Operating Systems
Cloud Integration
Operating systems are
increasingly integrating with
cloud storage and services,
allowing users to access their
content from anywhere.
Virtualization
Advances in virtualization
technology are making it easier
to create complex computing
environments on a single
machine.
Artificial
Intelligence
AI is being integrated into
operating systems to improve
user interfaces and automate
tasks.

8. Future Trends in Operating Systems
Virtual Reality
Integration
As VR becomes more popular,
operating systems will likely
begin to integrate VR interfaces
and features.
Autonomous System
Management
Operating systems will need to
handle the complex
requirements of autonomous
vehicles and other forms of
automation.
AI-Powered Operating
Systems
As AI becomes more advanced, it
may be used to create entirely
new types of operating systems.