This presentation is about gas hydrates, methane. methane gas hydrates are future sources source of energy or hazardous to our environment.

1. By
Somya
Shukla

2.  Gas hydrates are also known as natural gas hydrates, methane gas hydrates,
etc., which are a solid ice-like substance formed by hydrocarbon gas molecules
methane- based and water molecules. Gas hydrates are mainly distributed in the
slope of the slope of the seabed sediments with the depth of 400-1000m approx.
temperature below 10 C and the pressure is greater than 3.5 Mpa, and the
Arctic tundra in Russia, Canada and other countries. Ocean is the main place
for gas hydrates to formation and preservation. Gas hydrates, with the
characteristics of high energy density, huge amount of resources and cleaning,
are considered as an ideal alternative energy in the 21st century. It has important
significances for resources development, environmental protection and global
climatic changing.

3.  Methane comes from the decomposition of organic
matter either by anaerobic bacteria, microbial, or by
heat, thermogenic. This is the same as traditional
natural gas formation. Methane hydrates also form in
pipes during the transportation and drilling of
petroleum.

4.  Methane hydrates are present everywhere. Hydrates
represent 53% of total fossil fuels world wide. Location
of hydrate layer is done with reflection seismic, often
bottom-simulating reflector (BSR), which uses auditory
properties to map areas beneath the surface. This in
conjunction with bathymetry and sea-floor morphology
gives an accurate picture of the sea-floor.

5.  Methane is the dominant hydrocarbon in gas hydrates.
Gas hydrates are the potential source of energy.
 The gas hydrates are a kind of clean energy, which
contain high purity methane and less harmful gases.
Environmental pollution is in low degree compared
with coal, oil, natural gases.

6.  Gas from hydrates may be a new clean energy
sources. It is now recognized that there are huge
amounts of natural gas, mainly methane, tied up in
gas hydrates globally.
 Natural gas emits less CO2 per unit energy than
other fossil fuel sources.
 They are used in the field of technology in
desalination, refrigerator carbon capture, and
sequestration. It is also used in gas storage
application.
 It is important for resources development,
environmental protection and global climate change.

7.  Methane is 21 times the global warming potential as CO2.
 There are already numerous sources of methane such as wetlands, land
fields and hydroelectric power plants that are more difficult to control.
 Hydrates are less dense than water and float. As the hydrates move into
less pressurized areas the structure breaks down forming water and
CH4 gas. If there was a rapid release of methane this could
significantly impact the earths surface, potentially increasing the
temperature by 0.006c -0.08c annually.
 The release of methane in marine gas hydrates can not only cause the
greenhouse effect rapid ally, but also induce seabed geological
disasters.
 The decomposition of and release of submarine gas hydrates can lead
to decrease the stability of seabed strata, causing submarine landslide.

8.  The abundance of gas hydrates reserves can ultimately
make gas hydrates to be a sustainable energy resources all
over the world. These hydrates reserves hold significant
amount of energy that is estimated to be more than twice
the combined carbon of coal, conventional gas and
petroleum reserves.
 the properties and formation of hydrates were studied and
examined because they are paramount to efficient and
effective exploration and development of hydrates reserve.
 References
 www.researchgate. Net
 www.scrip.org/journal
 www.google .com.in/marine gas hydrates as natural energy