cell structure and function

1. 08/11/2020 Cell structure and
function
Grade 10
Mr. SAAD MOHAMED MOUSSA ALHMADI

2. Choose the correct answer
1. Cholesterol is which type of macromolecule?
 Carbohydrate  lipid  nucleic acids  protein
2. Genetic information is stored in which macromolecule?
 DNA  glucose  lipid  starch
3. The arrow in the figure is pointing to which cell part?
 chloroplast
 mitochondrion
 cell membrane
 cell wall
4. Which best describes vacuoles?
 lipids  contained in mitochondria
 storage compartment  proteins
5. Which is true of fermentation?
 does not generate energy  does not require oxygen
 occurs in mitochondria  produces lots of ATP
6. Which process eliminates substances from cells in vesicles?
 endocytosis  exocytosis  osmosis  photosynthesis
7. Which cell shown below can send signals over long distances?
   
8. A student observes four cells with a compound microscope and records his
observations in the table shown.
 cells 1 , 3 are prokaryotic cells and cells 2,4 are eukaryotic
 All four cells are proharyotic cells

3.  Cell 3 is a prokaryotic cell, and cells 1 , 2 , 4 are eukaryotic cells
 All four cells are eukaryotic cells
9. As the concentration of molecules outside a cell increase, more molecules will enter
the cell because
 the molecules are moving down their concentration gradient
 the molecules are moving from an area of flow concentration to an area high
concentration
energy is available to move them using active transport
 they have reached dynamic equilibrium
10. Some viruses attack cells by inserting their own DNA into the host cells'DNA. Why
might it be simpler for these viruses to attack prokaryotic cells than eukaryotic
cells
 prokaryotic cells have less DNA than do eukaryotic cells.
 unlike eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus
 the cell wall in prokaryotic cells is a less effective barrier
 the rapid growth of prokaryotic cells generates more viruses
11. The opposite figure shows a cell. What is the
arrow pointing to?
 chloroplast
 cytoplasm
 mitochondrion
 nucleus
12. The digram below shows how glucose molecules move down a
concentration gradient to enter a cell with the help of transport proteins.
What type of transport is shown above?
 facilitated diffusion active transport
 osmosis  pinocytosis
13.Which transport process requires the use of a cell's energy?
Diffusion  osmosis  active transport facilitated diffusion

4. 14. Why the ratio of cell surface area to volume affects the cell size? Because
cells with a high surface to volume ratio
 consume energy efficiently  produce waste products slowly
 suffer from diseases frequently  transport substances effectively
15.Diffusion differs from active cell transport processes because it
forces large molecules from a cell  keeps a cell's boundary intact
 moves substances into a cell  need none of a cell's energy
16.Which statement is not true of carrier proteins ad channel proteins?
 carrier proteins change shape as they function but channel proteins do not
carrier proteins and channel proteins extend through the cell membrane
channel proteins move items inside a cell but carrier proteins do not
channel proteins and carrier proteins perform facilitated diffusion
17.In many cells, the structure that controls the cell’s activities is the
cell membrane organelle
nucleus  nucleolus
18.Despite differences in size and shape, at some point all cells have DNA and
cell wall  cell membrane  mitochondrion  nucleus
19.What distinguishes a eukaryotic cell from a prokaryotic cell is the presence of
 a cell wall  DNA a nucleus ribosomes
20.The organelles that break down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small
molecules that can be used by the cell are called
 vacuoles  lysosomes  ribosomes  microfilaments
21.Cell membranes consist mainly of
lipid bilayers  carbohydrates  protein pumps  waxs
22.the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane is
 exocytosis  endocytosis  phagocytosis  osmosis
23.A substance that moves by passive transport tends to move
 away from the area of equilibrium

5.  away from the area where it less concentrated
 away from the area where it more concentrated
toward the area where it more concentrated
24.Which of the following is true of all single celled organisms?
 they are all prokaryotes  they are all bacteria
 they are all reproduce they all have a nucleus
25.A tissue is composed of a group of
similar cells related organells  organ systems related organs
26.Which statement about chloroplasts is false?
they are organelles with a double membrane
they contain their own genetic information and ribosomes ( true )
 they are found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
they contain ATP
27.Many single organisms such as Ameoba feed by a process in which the cell
membrane engulfs (‫ابتالع‬ ) solid food to form a food vacuole. This process is called
 endocytosis  active transport  exocytosis  osmosis
28.Refer to the following electron micrograph which
shows an organelle from a cell in a multicellular
organism. The organelle is the site of
starch formation
photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
glycogen storage
29.The colour of a ripe peach is determined by the presence of the
chloroplasts leucoplasts  chromoplasts All plastids
30.Which of the following is not a simple tissue?
 xylem  parenchyma  collenchyma  sclerenchyma
31.In a sample of human blood, the average diameter of the red blood cells was found
to be 8.0 micrometres. A student placed equal volumes of this blood in each of three
solutions of unknown concentration. After 10 minutes the student determined the
average diameter of the cells in each solution, with the following results. It would
not be reasonable to conclude that
Solution Average diameter in cells
I 8.8 micrometres
II 7.3 micrometres
III 8.1 micrometres

6.  solution I was more dilute than blood plasma.
 there had been net movement of water out of the cells in solution II.
 if the cells had been placed in a solution more concentrated than solution II, the cells
would probably have burst.
 the concentration of solutes in solution III was similar to the concentration of solutes
in the cells.
32.Which one of the following combinations correctly identifies a cellular structure, its
function, and the type of cell in which it is found?
Cellular structure Function
Type of cell in which
it is found
 circular loop of DNA contains information for the
synthesis of proteins
eukaryotic
 ribosome the site of protein synthesis prokaryotic
 linear DNA contains information for the
synthesis of mRNA molecules
prokaryotic
 endoplasmic reticulum the site for the packaging and
secretion of proteins
eukaryotic
33. Refer to the following digrams, which show three identical plant cells that had been
left to stand for 5 min in sugar solutions of different concentrations. The solution
inside the three cells initially had the same concentration as sugar solution 2 . it
would be reasonble to conclude that
 the solution inside the cells initially was more concentrated than sugar solution 1
 the solution inside the cells initially was more concentrated than sugar solution 3
 sugar solution 1 was more concentrated than sugar solution 3
 sugar solution 1 was less concentrated than sugar solution 2
34.What kind of tissue can parenchyma tissue be described as being?
 simple tissue  complex tissue
 xylem  phloem

7. 35.What is the difference between meristematic and permanent tissue?
 the ability to conduct photosynthesis  the ability to divide
 the complexity to perform a function  the ability to move
36.Which type of tissue has lignified walls
 parenchyma  cambium  sclerenchyma  collenchyma
37.The cells of cork are dead and have a chemical in their walls that makes them
impervious to gases and water. The chemical is
lignin  suberin  cutin  wax
38.The flexibility in plants is due to a tissue called
 parenchyma  chlorenchyma  sclerenchyma  collenchyma
39.The connective tissue that connects muscle to bone is called
ligament  tendon  nervous tissue  all of them
40.The tissue that helps in the movement of our body are
muscular tissue  skeletal tissue  nervous tissue  all of them
41.Cartilage and bone are types of
 muscular tissue  connective tissue
meristematic tissue  epithelial tissue
42.Xylem and phloem are examples of
epidermal tissue  simple tissue
 complex tissue protective tissue
43.Refer to the following diagram, which shows the concentration of sodium ions
inside three sections along a kidney and in a cell next to each section of the tubule:
Which one of the following combinations correctly matches the processes that result
in the net movement of
Process that results in the net movement of:
Sodium ions out of
section A
Sodium ions out of
section B
Water molecules out
of section C
 Diffusion Active transport Osmosis
 Active transport Diffusion Osmosis
 Diffusion Active transport Active transport
 Active transport Diffusion Active transport

8. 44.Refer to the diagram below in which the cubes represent living cells. Cell A, Tissue
B and Tissue C all have the same volume.
Which one of the following statements is correct?
 In distilled water tissue B would gain water at a faster rate than cell A
 In distilled water the cells in tissue C would shrink at a faster rate than
cell A
 In a concentrated salt solution tissue C would gain water at a faster rate than cell A
 In a concentrated salt solution tissue C would lose water more slowly than tissue B
45.Which one of the following combinations correctly matches components of
eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells with components of eukaryotic but not
prokaryotic cells?
Components of
eukaryotic and
prokaryotic cells
Components of eukaryotic but
not prokaryotic cells
 Mitochondria Cell membrane
 Cell membrane DNA
 Cell membrane Mitochondria
 DNA Cell membrane
46.Refer to the following diagrams, which show a process in which molecules move
through a cell membrane.
The process show in the diagram is
 active transport
 diffusion
 osmosis
passive transport
Cell A Tissue B Tissue C

9. 47.Which of the following sets is common to both plants and animal cells?
 cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus  cytoplasm, nucleus, cell membrane
 chloroplasts, cell membrane, nucleus  cell membrane, cell wall, chloroplasts
48.The centrosome
attaches two chromatids together
plays a role in cell division in plant cell
controls protein synthesis
plays a role in cell division in animal cells
Q2 : answer the following questions
1. Complete the table below with suitable term
2. Refer to the following diagram, which shows the
structure of a cell
a. State one piece of evidence that indicates that the
cell shown above is an eukaryotic cell
………………………………………………..
b. Complete the following table by writing the name of
the structures labelled B and H and the function or
purpose of that structure
Structure Name of structure Function or purpose
B
H

10. 3. The pancreas, an organ present in certain animals, produces enzymes used in
digestive system. Which type of cell structure might produce those enzymes?
…………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. What would happen to a sample of your red blood cells if they were placed in a
hypotonic solution?
…………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. Which cell contain more mitochondria ( skin or muscle cells )
…………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. Refer to the following diagram, which shows the structure of part of the cell
membrane of a bacterium
Name the molecules represented by W and X
W: ……………………………… X : …………………………………..
7. Scientists studied the composition of several organs in the mouse. They found that
some organs and tissues contian more mitovhondria than others. Analyze the data
then answer the questions
a. What approximate of cell volume in the mouse liver is composed of mitochondria?
………………………………………………………………………………………
b. Approximately how much more cellular volume is composed of mitochondria in the
left ventricle than in the pituitary gland
……………………………………………………………………………………….
c. Based on the data given, which chamber, the left ventricle or left artium, do you think
pump blood from the heart to the rest of the body
………………………………………………………………………………………..

11. 8. Three types of mammalian muscle tissue are shown
a. Which muscle tissue is voluntary in its
functioning?
…………………………………………………
b. Name two organs in the body in which muscle
tissue C is found?
………………………………………………..
c. Identify muscle tissue A and B
………………………………………………
9. Study the diagram and answer the following questions:
a. Is this a diagram of a plant or animal cell? Supply visible reasons for your answer
………………………………………………………………………………………..
b. Identify fully the parts labeled A, B, D
…………………………………………………………………………………………
c. Name the process which takes place in organelle C
…………………………………………………………………………………………
d. Suggest two ways in which people use microscopes today
………………………………………………………………………………………….
10.The graph shows the sizes of several molecules that can diffuse across a lipid
bilayer
a. What percentage is a molecule of CO2 smaller than
glucose?
 25 %  48%  75%  100%
b. What is the way oxygen molecules enter the cell?
………………………………………………………
Mr. SAAD MOUSSA