This ppt gives the idea about hair examination by various instrumental techniques from forensic investigation point of view.

1. PRESENT
APPROACHES
ON
HAIR EXAMINATION
Presented By : Soham Thakur
B.Sc. 4th Sem.
Y151400034
Department of Criminology and Forensic Science
Dr. Hari Singh Gour University,
Sagar (M.P.)
Guided by : Mr. Mrinal Kashyap Sir
Research Scholar
(NET-JRF)

2. OVERVIEW
The presentation will revolve around the following keynotes:
Definition and vitality of hair as evidence,
Headway development in extracting information from
physical , biological & toxicological analysis,
Evolution of instrumentation and techniques in Indian
context.

3. DEFINITION & VITALITY
 One of the fine, keratinized filamentous
epidermal growths arising from the
skin of the body of mammals except
the palms, soles, and flexor surfaces of the
joints; the full length and texture of hair
varies markedly in different bodysites.
 It is the microscopic and trace evidence.
Hair
Analysis
Reconstruction
of Crime Scene
Age,Sex & Race
determination
Occupational
idea about an
individual
DNA extraction
Fig. Venn Diagram showing relation
between information extracted and hair
analysis.

4. PHYSICAL EXAMINATIONS
Valuable Informations Extracted:
 Hair Identification(Age,Sex,Race)
 Determination of body area from where it is originated,
 Determination of fact that whether hair is forcibly extracted or not
 Optical properties of hair
 Determination of some disorders or
syndromes.
Fig: Microscopic view of a hair

5. PHYSICAL EXAMINATIONS contd.
INSTRUMENT ADVANTAGES IMAGES OF HAIR
1. Comparison Microscope Comparison of shape, size, colour,
component distribution,
morphological determination
2. Scanning Electron Microscope Analysis of the surface profile of hair,
determination of scale height in
keratin fibres
3. Stereo Microscope Produce 3D images and helps in
determining body area from where
hair is originated
4. Polarized Microscope Pigmentation distribution, cellular
structure of medulla, determination of
disorders, determination of optical
properties

6. BIOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS
 Analysis are done to extract DNA out of hair:
1. With root
2. Without root(from cuticle)
Fig: Automated System for DNA extraction
 Vitality:
 Determination of paternity
 Determination of few genetic
disorders
Fig: Manual Technique for DNA extraction

7. TOXICOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS
Valuable Information Extracted:
Determinaton of recent past drug use
Examination of long-term drug history through segmental
analysis (i.e. identification and quantification of drugs
along the length of the hair shaft from scalp hair)
Can have reliable information of BMI(Body Mass index)
by analysing the concentration of ethyl glucuronide (EtG)
concentrations in hair
 Evaluating risks of acquired clinical vulnerability among
subjects exposed to E-waste.

8. TOXICOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS contd.
INSTRUMENTS SIGNIFICANCE IMAGES
Liquid Chromatography–
Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Segmental hair analysis
High-Performance Liquid
Chromatography and Capillary
Electrophoresis
Chronic exposure to heroin,
cocaine and/or ecstasy
Time-of-Flight Mass
Spectrometry
determination of drugs of abuse
(morphine, codeine,etc.) and
their metabolites in hair.

9. EVOLUTION IN INDIAN CONTEXT
 PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:
Comprison
Microscope
Stereo
Microscope
Electron
Microscope
Optical
Microscope
Fluorescence
Microscopy
Aacoustic
Microscope
 TOXICOLOGICAL EXAMINATION:
Liquid Chromatograph–
Mass Spectrometers
Gas
Chromatograph–
Quadrupole Mass
Spectrometer
Magnetic Sector
MS and GC–
Combustion
Isotope MS
Time-of-Flight
Mass
Spectrometers
Fourier Transform
Ion Cyclotron
Resonance Mass
Spectrometers
Fig: Flourescent
Microscope
Fig: FTMS