it's about oil spill, prepared by Amira Farzana from SMK MK. we use it during presentation at the school.

1. Oil
spills

2.  Imagine yourself as a killer whale.
You are swimming around when you decide to
stick your head out of the water to take a breath.
As you are taking a breath, you see a large
stream of thick black oil heading your way. You
go back under water only to find other animals
dying one by one because the oil is damaging
their bodies.
 This is the way some animals must die in the
ocean. They die because of an oil spill occurring
in their habitat

3. OIL SPILL RELIEF AND HOW YOU CAN
HELP!!!

4. Oil spills happen when people make mistakes or are careless and
cause an oil tanker to leak oil into the ocean. There are a few more
ways an oil spill can occur.
|>Equipment breaking down may cause an oil spill. If the equipment
breaks down, the tanker may get stuck on shallow land. When they
start to drive the tanker again, they can put a hole in the tanker
causing it to leak oil.
|> When countries are at war, one country may decide to dump
gallons of oil into the other country’s oceans.
|> Terrorists may cause an oil spill because they will dump oil into a
country’s ocean. Many terrorists will do this because they are trying to
get the country’s attention, or they are trying to make a point to a
country.

5. |> illegal dumpers are people that will dump crude oil into the oceans
because they do not want to spend money on decomposing their
waste oil. Because they won’t spend money on breaking up the oil
(decomposing it) they will dump oil into the oceans, which is illegal.
|> Natural disasters (like hurricanes) may cause an oil spill, too. If a
hurricane was a couple of miles away, the winds from the hurricane
could cause the oil tanker to flip over, pouring oil out.

7. SEE WHAT WE HAVE DID !!
Death of sea animals and sea birds
(SHALLOW HARMFUL SPILLS, BODIES
COVERED WITH OIL)
damage the habitat along the coast.

8.  Birds die from oil spills if their feathers are covered in oil.
 The bird will then be poisoned because it will try to clean itself.
 Animals may die because they get hypothermia, causing their
body temperature to be really low.
 They may die from really low body temperature.
 Oil may also cause the death of an animal by entering the
animal’s lungs or liver.
 The animal will then be poisoned by the oil.
 Oil also can kill an animal by blinding it.
 The animal will not be able to see and be aware of their predators.
 If they are not aware of other animals, they may be eaten.
Oil spills sometimes are the reason for animals becoming
endangered. This means that a certain type of animal is getting so
small that it is in danger of becoming extinct.

9. Direct exposure to oil spill – a variety of
health effects may develop when the
oil spill occurs close to where people
live or work and may come in contact
with humans through breathing
gaseous oil compounds and/or oil
compounds adsorbed on particulate
matter. (dispersed through air)
Indirect exposure -through
consumption of contaminated food or
water – especially relevant in the case
of consumption of fish that was in
contact or in an oil spill polluted
environment. This is because some oil
components have ability to
“bioaccumulate” in living organisms.

10.  There are many ways to stop the spread of oil in the ocean.
Workers can place a boom around the tanker that is spilling oil.
Booms collect the oil off the water. A boom may be placed
somewhere before an oil spill. They can be placed around an
entrance to the ocean, like a stream. They also can be placed
around a habitat with many animals living there. These booms
will absorb any oil that flows around it.
 The workers can also use skimmers. Skimmers are boats that can
remove the oil off the water. Sorbents are sponges that can
collect the oil. An airplane can fly over the water dropping
chemicals into the ocean. The chemicals can break down the oil
into the ocean.
 CONTINUE 

11.  They also can burn freshly spilled oil with fireproof booms
to contain the oil. They might not decide to burn the oil
because this method causes air pollution.
 There are just a few ways to clean the oil off the beaches.
Workers can use high or low pressure hoses to spray the
oil that is on the beaches. Vacuum trucks may be driven
on the beaches to vacuum up the oil. They can also simply
use shovels or road equipment to collect all the oil off the
beaches.
 The method they use to clean the beaches or oceans
depends on many things. They have to look at the
weather, the type and amount of oil spilled, if people live
in that area, what types of animals live in that area, and
many more things. In some situations, they may not react
to a spill. It may not be helpful or it would just cause even
more damage to that habitat.

12. THANK YOU!!
Amir
edwin
Shakir
Khalifah
Amira