oil spill presentation

1. Oil Spill and its effect
on environment
Presented by Taskeen
Rubab
28145
Introduction to
environment

2. definition
• An oil spill is the release
into the environment of a
liquid petroleum
hydrocarbon
• in particular the marine
ecosystem
• due to human activity
• Is form of pollution
• Where oil is released into
the ocean or coastal waters
• But spill may also occur on
land

3. Causes of oil spill
• Human activities
• Equipment breakages
• Natural disasters as
hurricanes
• Deliberate acts by terrorist
• Countries at war
• Vandals
• Illegal dumpers

4. Effects on
environment
• Local industries
• Human health
• Marine ecosystem
including animal and
plant life
• Vegetation and
Mangroves
• Effect on marine life
• Damage Beaches,
Marshlands and
Fragile marine
ecosystem

5. Local industries
Tourist
• Swimming
• Fishing
• Sailing
Industries
• That relay on fresh sea
water
Devices
• Cannot be used for fear
of damaging in area
having oil spill

6. Human health
• Inhaltion
• Touching
• Consuming
Causes
o Neurological effects
o Ocular problems
o Respiratory problems
• Nausea
• Throat, nose and eye infections
• Migraines and headaches

7. Marine ecosystem including animal
and plant life
• Spread of oil slick
• Movement of waves
• weather
• Area effected
o Estauries
o foreshore
• Proximity to bird breeding colony

8. Vegetation and Mangroves
• Root areas
• Living coral
• Leaves of plants
• Salt tolerance
• Sedimentation
• Lenticels of aerial roots
• Loss of habitat

9. Effect on marine life
• Physical effect
• Toxic effect
o Water animals
• Fish
• Mollusks
• Sea mammals
o Aquatic plants
• Kelp
• Red algae
• corals

10. Damage Beaches, Marshlands and
Fragile marine ecosystem
• Absorption of oil
• Effect on fragile underwater ecosystems
• Killing of marine organism
• Disturbance in global food chains

11. Cleaning and Recovery
• On the shore • In the water

12. On the shore
• Bioremediation
• Manual treatment
• Mechanical treatment

13. In the water
• Boom
• Burning
• Spreading of chemicals
• Skimming
• Sorbents
o Natural organic sorbents
o Natural inorganic sorbents
o Synthesis sorbents
• Shovels

14. Oil spill facts
• Take months or years to cleanup
• 14,000 spills occur each year
• Consume 400 million gallons of oil everyday
• Deepwater horizon killed 33% of fish in marine

15. List of four major oil spills in history
• The torrey canyon oil spill- march 18, 1967. [25-36 million gallons]
• The sea star oil spill- december 19, 1972. [35.3 million gallons]
• The odyssey oil spill- november 10,1988. [40.7 million gallons]
• M/T haven tanker oil spill- april 11,1991. [45 million gallons]

16. The exxon valdez oil spill
• Location: Prince William Sound, Alaska
• Operator: Exxon Shipping Company
• Date: March 24, 1989; 31 years ago
• Shoreline impacted: 1,300 mi (2,100 km)

17. Problems faced
• Leakage of massive crude oil in PRINCE WILLIAM SOUND
• Polluted the environment around Alaska
• Negative impact on sea life
• People had a fear to travel to Alaska

18. cleaning
• Scientists and biologists started working to get new methods for
cleaning
• People started helping the animals affected in sound

19. Conclusion
• Most oil spills and most serious accidents are caused by human error,
so this can be reduced if one takes extreme precautions and proper
safety assumptions
• Focusing on many techniques such as Blowout preventer and well
castings can contain the oil spill
• Use of naturally available materials such as CORCHORUS DEPRESSUS,
ARACHIS HYPOGAEA, BENTONITE CLAY and ACTIVATED CARBON
containing the spill