2. 1st created
weak gov’t.,
that proved to
be ineffective.
1st national
constitution
of the U.S.
Replaced the
Articles of
Confederation
1781-
1789
3.
4.
5. Articles of Confederation
Ratification of 13 states=March 1, 1781.
Each state kept independence and concerns but
agreed to work together. Six faded handwritten
pages.
Article One= Names new nation, The United
States of America.
Article Two= Clearly states the states involved
would keep their independence.
Article Three= Establishes confederation, agreeing
if one state became under attack the others would
help.
6. Passed=late 1777 states
agreeing later on
Each year a Congress of
delegates would meet bout
common issues.
Each state got one vote and had the
final say.
Helped hold 13 states during
Revolution
Congress could make decisions
but not enforce them.
Didn’t work because gov’t had
little power.
7. Ben Franklin got the idea for the Articles of Confederation
from the Iroquois Confederation
Iroquois Confederation: Five, later six nations called
themselves “the people of the longhouse” and agreed to
stand by one another in defense. Weapons were placed
in the peace tree after it got cut up, then were retrieved
when needed.
Hiawatha
Deganawida
Peace Tree
8.
9. Agreed certain rights to
people living in territory.
Sovereign, loosely
connected states.
“ There would be
neither slavery nor
involuntary
servitude in the said
territory”, was
another part of the
northwest
ordinance.
Trial by jury,
public education
& freedom of
religion were
gained
Passed by congress +
under articles of
confederation= no
authority. Via problem.
Northern and Southern states became divided,
Northern states prohibited slavery.
10.
11.
12. August
1786
Rebels in Western
Massachusetts!!
1,200 other farmers aside Shays;
mostly unpaid veterans.
Shays and men
gathered weapons
before going to
Boston.
Court houses were shut
down; they marched to
state supreme court.
Closed down commonwealth’s
supreme court in Worcester & freed
imprisoned debaters in Springfield.
Governor of Boston=
sent force under
General Benjamin
Lincoln in defense.
Shays and men
attacked Lincoln,
Lincolns men killed four
of Shays men. The rest
got out of there.
Danielle Shays:
captain in
continental army,
bankrupt famer. And
leader of rebellion.
13.
14.
15. Born 16, 1751 in Virginia into Tobacco farming
family
Owned Montpellier, small businesses and land in VA.
Went to boarding school at young age, started college at Jersey
College, aka Princeton. Studied law and other liberal arts.
May have been 1st
American politician
Virginia State Legislature
1776-1779 & youngest
member of Continental
Congress
Pushed for the
Constitution
Made Virginia
Plan
Present everyday of the Convention in
Philadelphia, spoke about 200 times
Montpellier
Federalist Papers were a convincing part of the New
York paper to NY voters to agree to the Constitution.
Wrote pages 10,14,37-58 & 62-63 of Federalist Papers as a Founding
Father
16.
17. Life
• April 13
1743=
Birth
• July 4,
1896=
Death
Wrote
Declaratio
n of
Independ
ence &
Statue of
Religious
Views in
VA.
Accomplishments
Con’t’d
Creator of
University of
Virginia. At
age 26 he built
Monticello.
Started
Jefferson
Diplomacy
believing in
the common
man and pallet
government.
Family
Wife:
Martha
Wales
Skelton,
died of
illness
after a
decade
of
marriage
She
gave
birth to
six of
TJ’s
children.
First
Term:
March
4, 1801
through
March 4
1805.
Second
Term:
March
4, 1805
through
March
3,
1809.
Owned
around
200
slaves
p/year.
Two only
ever
escaped.
He freed
five.
18. Chesapeake Bay was a major incident during his
presidency
British attacked the British’s Leopard ship on the US
ship called Chesapeake USS.
Chesapeake became severely damaged, holding
British men. Goods and $ were lost
Embargo Act prohibiting any exporting/ importing
goods existed after the Chesapeake incident. Caused
American economy to suffer.
19. Born January 17, 1706 in Boston Massachusetts
Spent just two years in public school due to lack of money.
1729 he started the Pennsylvania Gazette; a newspaper
Married Deborah Read, they had two sons and a daughter.
Wrote Poor Richards Almanac , examples are the sayings “snug as a
bug in a rug” & “Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy,
wealthy and wise”
Ben invented the Bifocals, glass harmonica, the lightning
rod, an Odometer, eclectic light bulb, first controllable
airplane & Franklin Stove
20. Glass Harmonica:
Hands ran up and
down holes to
project beautiful
music.
Bifocals: eyeglasses
with split lenses. One
half helps see closer up
another helps see
farther away.
The Lightning Rod: by
attactching it to a
building lightning
attacked it ,grounding it
and not hitting the
building.
Odometer:
Tracks distance on a
carriage
Franklin Stove: Iron
furnace stove that
heated houses
safely and
efficiently.
Electric light bulb: A
bulb conducting
electricity and
protrudes light.
First Controllable
Airplane: A
21. During the fight for independence he was sent to Europe to
represent the 13 colonies.
Ben signed five documents which helped Americas independence
Declaration of
Independence in 1776
Treaty of Alliance with
France in 1778
Treaty of Amity and Alliance
with France in 1778
Treaty of Peace with Great Britain 1782
The Constitution of The United States of America in 1787
22. James Madison did most the work because he
wanted a new national government, it overruled the
Articles of Confederation
JM declared : “ought to be established, consisting of a
supreme Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary”
Power to make laws binding upon states and raise
its own money through taxes
Leg= two houses; one where each state elected members,
2nd nominations were made by state gov’t but were elected
by 1st house
Representatives for each state reflects states population
Benefit big states: New York, Virginia & Massachusetts
23. William Paterson a New Jersey delegate made
this possible with a counterproposal @ Virginia
Plan convention
Kept Articles of Confederation
Modifications were wanted instead; taxes and
regulate trade earned state money
June 19, 1787 Virginia Plan was voted to be
kept
Southern and Northern states became divided
based upon slavery treatment
24.
25. North Carolina warned “ If we do not concede on both
sides, our business must soon end”
Dedicated delegates declined being on the committee
Benjamin Franklin chaired proceedings
1st House of Representatives=the states would be
represented according to size of population
2nd House= Voters in each state elected House of
Representatives
State legislatures would choose Senators
26.
27. Federal
System
Prevents one of the branches
from becoming too powerful
• Rule by people was
the base for new
constitution
28. 3 branches= Legislature, Executive &
Judicial
Leg: Make laws
Exec: President enforces laws
Jud: Federal courts No one can serve in two branches at once
29. December 1787 & January 1788= First state
conventions
Delaware, Pennislivaynia, New Jersey, Georgia, and
Connecticut ratified constitution
John Hancock and Samuel Adams signed, they also
signed the Declaration of Independence.
30.
31. 1781 1787 1788
The Articles of
Confederation
are ratified by
the states
Constitutional
Convention in
Philadelphia drafts
the Constitution of
the United States
Constitution is
ratified by 11 of
13 states and
goes to effect
32. Bibliography
Website Title: george washington presides over the constitutional conventio[…]
Article Title: george washington presides over the constitutional conventio[…]
Date Accessed: September 11, 2014
Website Title: george washington presides over the constitutional conventio[…] Website Title: Shays rebellion ppt
Article Title: Shays rebellion ppt
Date Accessed: September 16, 2014
Article Title: george washington presides over the constitutional conventio[…]
Date Accessed: September 11, 2014
Website Title: Writing the Constitution
Article Title: Writing the ConstitutionWebsite Title: jefferson - Google Search Website Title: James madison
Article Title: James madison
Date Accessed: September 18, 2014
Article Title: jefferson - Google Search
Date Accessed: September 17, 2014
Date Accessed: September 15, 2014
Website Title: Northwest Ordinance has no constitutional authority
Article Title: Northwest Ordinance has no constitutional authority
Date Accessed: September 15, 2014
Website Title: 13 states - Google Search
Article Title: 13 states - Google Search
Date Accessed: September 15, 2014
Website Title: The Articles of Confederation
Article Title: The Articles of Confederation
Date Accessed: September 16, 2014
Website Title: the confederate constitution - Google Search
Article Title: the confederate constitution - Google Search
Date Accessed: September 16, 2014
33. Website Title: Shays re - Google Search
Article Title: Shays re - Google Search
Date Accessed: September 16, 2014
Website Title: thomas jefferson - Google Search
Article Title: thomas jefferson - Google Search
Date Accessed: September 18, 2014
Website Title: Thomas Jefferson
Article Title: Thomas Jefferson
Date Accessed: September 18, 2014
Website Title: shays rebellion - Google Search
Article Title: shays rebellion - Google Search
Date Accessed: September 22, 2014
Website Title: Benjamin Franklin PowerPoint
Article Title: Benjamin Franklin PowerPoint
Date Accessed: September 23, 2014
Website Title: bifocals - Google Search
Article Title: bifocals - Google Search
Date Accessed: September 23, 2014
Website Title: Benjamin franklin first controllable airplane - Google Searc[…]
Article Title: Benjamin franklin first controllable airplane - Google Searc[…]
Date Accessed: September 23, 2014
Website Title: thirteen colonies flag - Google Search
Article Title: thirteen colonies flag - Google Search
Date Accessed: September 23, 2014
History Book
Website Title: south and north states in 1787 - Google Search
Article Title: south and north states in 1787 - Google Search
Date Accessed: September 23, 2014
Website Title: 3/5 - Google Search
Article Title: 3/5 - Google Search
Date Accessed: September 23, 2014
Website Title: bill of rights - Google Search
Article Title: bill of rights - Google Search
Date Accessed: September 23, 2014
