Zeno of Sidon (Ancient Philosopher) "That happiness is not merely dependent upon present enjoyment and prosperity, but also on a reasonable expectation of their continuance and appreciation"

1. ZENO OF SIDON
Happiness is not merely dependent upon present
enjoyment and prosperity, but also on a reasonable
expectation of their continuance and appreciation.

2. WHO IS
ZENO OF SIDON?

3. (Greek: Ζήνων ὁ Σιδώνιος; ca. 150 –
75 BC) was a Greek Epicurean
philosopher from the Seleucid city of
Sidon and who became the head of
the epicurean school.

4. • He criticized some of the axioms that Euclid, the elements set
out in the elements.
• Zeno’s writings have not survived, but there are some
epitomes of his lectures preserved among the writings of his
pupil Philodemus of Gadara (Greek: Φιλόδημος ὁ Γαδαρεύς,
Philodēmos, 40 or 35 BC) he was a Syrian Epicurean
philosopher and poet

5. • He studied under Zeno of Sidon in Athens, before moving to
Rome, and then to Herculaneum.
• He was once known chiefly for his poetry preserved in the
Greek Anthology.

6. LIFE
OF
ZENO OF SIDON

7. - was born in the city of
Sidon on the
Mediterranean coast of
what today is Lebanon.
Sidon was one of the
oldest Phoenician cities
ZENO

8. THIRD MILLENIUM BC.
• Assyria
• Babylonia
• Persia
• Alexander the Great
• The Seleucids of Syria
• The Ptolemy’s of Egypt
• The Romans from the Phoenician city of Sidon.

9. • Zeno was a contemporary of Cicero, who heard him when at
Athens.
• Cicero states that Zeno was disapproving of other
philosophers, and even called Socrates "the Attic Buffoon
(scurram Atticum).“
• He was a disciple of Apollodorus and Cicero and Diogenes
Laërtius both describe him as an accurate and polished
thinker’ Zeno Died around 70 BC Athens, Greece.

10. WORKS
AND
CONTRIBUTION

11. THE EPICUREAN SCHOOL
 His student Zeno of Sidon, who Cicero heard speak in 79
BCE in Athens, also produced a great deal of writing. After
Zeno, there came Phaedrus, who was also a Cicero teacher
and was in Rome in 90 BCE, and Patro, who served as the
school's principal until 51 BCE.
 Philodemus of Gadara was already well-known for his work
on epigrams (born 110 BCE)

12. MATHEMATICS
 It is believed that, among the areas he studied.
 He studied the philosophy of mathematics based on
the derivation of all knowledge from experience.
 He criticized Euclid, seeking to show that
deductions from the fundamental principles of
geometry cannot, on their own, be proved Greek
Eukleides, (flourished c. 300 bce,

13. PHILOSOPHY
OF
ZENO OF SIDON

14. • Zeno held
“That happiness is not merely dependent upon present
enjoyment and prosperity, but also on a reasonable
expectation of their continuance and appreciation”
• Among the charred papyrus remains at the Villa of the Papyri
at Herculaneum. It discovered in 1750.
• There is an Epitome of Conduct and Character from the
Lectures of Zeno written by his pupil Philodemus. It contains
the essays On Frank Criticism and On Anger

15. LOGIC
In a papyrus from Herculaneum (no. 1065) there is a Lengthy
fragments of a treatise by the Epicurean philosopher.
In this argue, Zeno defended the old Epicurean doctrine that
all human knowledge is derived exclusively from experience.

16. LOGIC
He bases his defenced on a theory that he call
“transition according to similarity”
or
“transition from the apparent to the not apparent”

17. • according to which the most certain kind of induction is that in
which one case is sufficient to make it evident that the same
must be true in all similar cases.
• Stoic doctrine that no number of cases ever permits the
conclusion that the same must be true in all cases.
• Zeno insisted that all knowledge is fundamentally derived by
inference to all cases from a great many cases without
observed counter-instance.

18. • He carried this principle to the extreme by asserting that the
knowledge that the square with a side of length 4 is the only
square in which the sum of the length of the sides (16) is
equal to the contents (4 X 4 = 16) was derived from
measuring innumerable squares.
• it is correct, one-dimensional measures being equated with
two-dimensional measures-can be derived from a simple
deduction and that nobody will be so foolish as to “verify” it in
innumerable squares.

19. The details of the
controversy between
Zeno and the Stoics are
extremely interesting

20. CONCLUSION:
In On Anger
It describes the important evidence for the
Epicurean emotional theory that Epicureans held that
it is possible to cure someone’s negative emotions by
altering their core beliefs.

21. CONCLUSION:
• Developing philosophy and defending the faith and
doctrine in which it was founded of the said founder
of the Epicurean school.
• He presented his views of life, “That happiness is not
merely dependent upon present enjoyment and
prosperity, but also on a reasonable expectation of
their continuance and appreciation”.

22. Study Objectives
Paintings
First way of expressing the
human being
Cylindricals Seals
Way to identify goods with
engravings on clay
Cuneiform Signs
Oldest form of writing,
developed by the Sumerian

23. Evolution of the Alphabet
Protosinatic Alphabet
Alphabet adapted from
Egyptian also linked to the
origin of Phoenician
Ugaritic
Language
An alphabetical type
graphic system is used with
letters as cuneiforms signs
01 02 03
Phoenician
Alphabet
It was written from right to left
with 22 characters and with
only one vowel

24. Evolution of the Alphabet
Latin
Alphabet
Associated the letters to the
phoneme of a common word
that began with that sound
Greek
Alphabet
They adapted to the
Phoenician alphabet and
created vowel signs
04 05

25. Literature Review
Phoenicians
Aramaic
The first model of the alphabet arises from the
Phoenicians, from which the Greek appears and,
consequently, the Etruscan and Latin languages
At the same time, the Aramaic alphabet
emerged, being the precursors of other writing
systems such as Hebrew and Arabic

26. Alphabets
Phoenicians
Greek
Latin
Aramaic
Hebrew
Arabic

27. Evolution
02
You could enter a subtitle here
if you need it

28. Methodology
Clay Boards
Used in Mesopotamia. Stilus
was the instrument that was
used to write about them
Papyrus
It was used in Egypt. It was
a plant and they sold in
rolls of 20 leaves
Parchment
Greece and Rome. It was
tanned and scraped leather
prepared for writing
Paper
It was invented in China. It was
made up of vegetable fibers
that allowed the use of ink

29. Materials Summary
Clay boards
Used in Mesopotamia. Stilus was the instrument that was
used to write about them.
Papyrus
It was used in Egypt. It was a plant and they sold in rolls of
20 leaves
Parchment
Greece and Rome. It was tanned and scraped leather prepared
for writing
Paper
It was invented in China. It was made up of vegetable fibers that
allowed the use of ink

30. Graphics
To modify this graph, click on it, follow the link, change the
data and paste the resulting graph here, replacing this one
Clay Boards 3000 b.c
Papyrus 2800 b.c
Parchment 2500 b.c
Paper 105 b.c

31. Paper Infographic
s.II a.c
It emerged in China. Its
invention was attributed
to Ts’ai.
Composition
It is made of compact
plants fibers an allowed the
use of ink
Printing
With the paper appeared
the invention of the
printing press

32. Results Analysis
Paper
Typewriter
Computer

33. 1440
1638
1452
It was created by
Johannes Gutenberg
The first printing press is
emerging in the United States
The most important printing
begins “The Gutenberg Bible”

34. Printing Map
China
In the s. XI created
reproduction systems with
mobile types
Germany
Johannes Gutenberg is the
creator of the printing press
in 1440

35. A picture always
reinforces concept
Images reveal large amounts of
data and meanings

36. 1991
Year in which the digital age began

37. Conclusions
Clay boards
Used in Mesopotamia from
3000 b.c., Stilus was used as
a writing instrument
Papyrus
Was used as an egyptus
writing instrument since 2800
b.c
Parchment
In Greece and Rome when
Egypt banned the export
of papyrus
Paper
It was invented in China and
it allowed the evolution of the
printing press
Printing
It was created in Germany
in 1440 by
Johannes Gutenberg
Computer
The first computer was
made in Berlin by Konrad
Zuse in 1941

38. Chronology
3000 b.c
Clay boards
It started to be used
in Mesopotamia
2800 b.c
Papyrus
It started to be used
in Egypt
2500 b.c
Parchment
It started to be used
in Greece and Rome

39. Chronology
s.II b.c
Paper
It started to be used
in China
s.XIX
Typewriter
It started to be used
In New York
s.XX
Computer
The first computer was
made in Berlin

40. Multimedia
Concept that emerged in 1984,
when the first computer with
extensive sound playback capabilities
was launched

41. Bibliographical
references
AUTHOR (YEAR).
Title of the publication. Publisher
AUTHOR (YEAR).
Title of the publication. Publisher
AUTHOR (YEAR).
Title of the publication. Publisher
AUTHOR (YEAR).
Title of the publication. Publisher

42. CREDITS:
This presentation template was created by
Slidesgo, including icons by Flaticon,
infographics & images by Freepik
Thanks
Do you have any questions? Follow the
project updates
addyouremail@freepik.com
+91 620 421 838 yourcompany.com
Please, keep this slide for the attribution

43. Alternative Resources

44. Vectors
● Creative background ship octopus
coming out book
● Great background with books cactus
● Vintage treasure map realistic design
Alternative Resources
Photos
● Passport diary with antique equipments
world map
● Close up vintage old globe
● Close up notepad banknotes globe map

45. Resources
Did you like the resources on this template?
Get them for free at our other websites.
Vectors
● Vintage background book clouds
● World book day banners vintage style
● Vintage banners world book day
● Sketchy egyptian gods elements
● Torn paper collection
● Hand drawn internet things background
● Retro parchment with route pirate
● Hand drawn vintage world map
Icon:
● History Icon
Photos:
● Traveler empty diary historic map
● Front view modern reading newspaper
PSD:
● Become change butterfly banner

46. Instructions for use (free users)
In order to use this template, you must credit Slidesgo by keeping the Thanks slide.
You are allowed to:
● Modify this template.
● Use it for both personal and commercial purposes.
You are not allowed to:
● Sublicense, sell or rent any of Slidesgo Content (or a modified version of Slidesgo Content).
● Distribute this Slidesgo Template (or a modified version of this Slidesgo Template) or include it in a database or in
any other product or service that offers downloadable images, icons or presentations that may be subject to
distribution or resale.
● Use any of the elements that are part of this Slidesgo Template in an isolated and separated way from this
Template.
● Delete the “Thanks” or “Credits” slide.
● Register any of the elements that are part of this template as a trademark or logo, or register it as a work in an
intellectual property registry or similar.
For more information about editing slides, please read our FAQs or visit Slidesgo School:
https://slidesgo.com/faqs and https://slidesgo.com/slidesgo-school

47. Instructions for use (premium users)
In order to use this template, you must be a Premium user on Slidesgo.
You are allowed to:
● Modify this template.
● Use it for both personal and commercial purposes.
● Hide or delete the “Thanks” slide and the mention to Slidesgo in the credits.
● Share this template in an editable format with people who are not part of your team.
You are not allowed to:
● Sublicense, sell or rent this Slidesgo Template (or a modified version of this Slidesgo Template).
● Distribute this Slidesgo Template (or a modified version of this Slidesgo Template) or include it in a database or in
any other product or service that offers downloadable images, icons or presentations that may be subject to
distribution or resale.
● Use any of the elements that are part of this Slidesgo Template in an isolated and separated way from this
Template.
● Register any of the elements that are part of this template as a trademark or logo, or register it as a work in an
intellectual property registry or similar.
For more information about editing slides, please read our FAQs or visit Slidesgo School:
https://slidesgo.com/faqs and https://slidesgo.com/slidesgo-school

48. Fonts & colors used
This presentation has been made using the following fonts:
Merriweather
(https://fonts.google.com/specimen/Merriweather?query=merr)
Livvic
(https://fonts.google.com/specimen/Livvic?query=Livv)
#3f3742 #fff6e0 #ec8686
#007d85 #ffffff

49. Storyset
Create your Story with our illustrated concepts. Choose the style you like the most, edit its colors, pick
the background and layers you want to show and bring them to life with the animator panel! It will boost
your presentation. Check out How it Works.
Pana Amico Bro Rafiki Cuate

50. You can easily resize these resources without losing quality. To change the color, just ungroup the resource
and click on the object you want to change. Then, click on the paint bucket and select the color you want.
Group the resource again when you’re done. You can also look for more infographics on Slidesgo.
Use our editable graphic resources...

53. JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL
PHASE 1
Task 1
Task 2
JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE
PHASE 1
PHASE 2
Task 1
Task 2
Task 1
Task 2

56. ...and our sets of editable icons
You can resize these icons, keeping the quality.
You can change the stroke and fill color; just select the icon and click on the paint bucket/pen.
In Google Slides, you can also use Flaticon’s extension, allowing you to customize and add even more icons.

57. Educational Icons Medical Icons

58. Business Icons Teamwork Icons

59. Help & Support Icons Avatar Icons

60. Creative Process Icons Performing Arts Icons

61. Nature Icons

62. SEO & Marketing Icons