2. What is Post-modernism
• Postmodernism is an intellectual stance or
mode of discourse
• A term that refers to a self-conscious cultural
movement that reacted against the
principles of modernism
• Ideals of the modernist movements in
literature, art, architecture, film, philosophy.
And more
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3. Post-modernism: basic concept
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•All is relative
•Rejection of all master narratives
•Skepticism of technique progress
•Sense of fragmentation and
decentered self
•Multiple conflicting identities
4. Post-modernism
• Has refused the most of the
modernism’s main ideas. The most
important point in modernism
educational opinion is rationality.
• Postmodernists challenge educators to
understand that diversity, inclusion,
and multiplicity are essential (McLaren
& Torres, 1998).
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5. Post-modernism Philosophy
Reject
1. Objectivity
2. Absolute fact
3. Traditional
epistemology
4. Metaphysics
5. Universal moral values
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Accept
Subjectivity
local fact
Interdisciplinary
methods
Individual and Cultural
differences
Creativity
6. Curriculum
• To challenge cultural politics that promote
inequality based on class, gender, sexuality,
race, ethnicity, or nationalism
• By teaching through a “social justice”
framework.
• Students would also be exposed to a wide
variety of reading materials
to cultural inequality and identify ways to
advocate for social justice.
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7. INSTRUCTION IN THE CLASSROOM
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• Critical inquiry and critical play a
central role
• Include any instructional method
that would help students
recognize and understand the
notion of hegemony
8. INSTRUCTION IN THE CLASSROOM
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• Students construct their own
knowledge and meaning via:
• Hands-on, problem-solving activities.
• Asking questions to promote critical literacy.
• Critiquing and examining diverse cultures
and institutions.
• Exploring the contradictions and variable
meanings of the language we use in our
speech and text
9. INSTRUCTION IN THE CLASSROOM Post -
modernism
• Students construct their own knowledge and
meaning via:
• Exploring students‘ autobiographical histories,
languages, and cultures.
• Discussing the hidden curriculum, or “unexpressed
perpetuation of the dominant western culture
through institutional processes”
• Using the text, or “any set of symbolic objects
through which we attempt to communicate
something and through which we create meaning
(to critically examine the curriculum
10. Role of the Teacher
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• is often identified as a “change agent.”
• doing of critical theory
• to demonstrate effective strategies for:
questioning, critiquing, and analyzing
• Teacher is needed to effectively put
these skills into practice on a daily
basis as well as teach their students
how to apply them.
11. Role of Student
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modernism
• Metacognitive strategies are
required; students learn how to
learn
• Students encouraged to find
personal meaning from the
learning
12. Teaching and learning in the
postmodern world
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• Knowledge about ways in which to
live and learn in an open system
in which there is considerable
ambiguity and development.
13. Teaching and learning in the
postmodern world
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• Creation of individual plans wherein the
students is an active; creation of
partnerships between teachers and
students in learning a body of knowledge
within a contemporary context
• Ideas are brought together through a
holistic approach to form new ways of
knowing the world
14. Postmodern perspectives bring to
education an openness to diversity
and complexity that moves beyond a
critique of narrow scientific
knowledge. It brings to the fore
the much more complex realities of
social, cultural, and political
contexts and their influences on
educational institutions,
practices, and settings.
The focus
social justice framework is a way of seeing and acting aimed at resisting unfairness and inequity while enhancing freedom and possibility for all.
Not only to exposed it would also challenge them to think critically about issues related to cultural inequality and identify ways to advocate for social justice.
which would empower students to identify and unmask those human beliefs and practices that limit freedom, justice, and democracy.
So doubt and skepticism about hypothesis necessary for
Postmodern philosophers…
It should be considered…
Hegemony - authority over others
in which the dominant culture exercises domination over subordinate classes or groups with the partial consent of the subordinate group
Pedagogy - is the combination of teaching methods
Also incorporate the learning theory of constructivism, whereby
Also incorporate the learning theory of constructivism, whereby
classrooms, film, books, clothing)”
avoid alienating or offending others, and work hard to always respect the rights of all individuals to share their points of view.
Metacognitive strategies empower students to think about their own thinking.
-Students are supposed to voice their opinions and question the purpose of major institutions in society, including the school
Students are encouraged to challenge the curriculum of the school, especially when it comes to the hidden curriculum.
hidden curriculum is all the other things students learn in school that is not explicitly taught or written down; concepts like friendship, honesty, fairness, the value of work, ethnic relations, and cultural differences.
AMBIGUITY - a word or expression that can be understood in two or more possible ways
have the capacity to understand that humans are responsible for the phenomena of wars, poverty, violence, corruption, and social, political, economic, and ecological injustices (Martusewicz, 2001). So they encourage students to look at societal issues that are culturally and politically inequitable and challenge them.