PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION SHINTOISM RELIGION IN JAPAN
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Shintoism is an ancient religion of Japan that started around 1000 B.C. Known as one of the world’s oldest religions and it is indigenous religious beliefs and practices of Japan.
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PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION SHINTOISM RELIGION IN JAPAN
- 1. SEM. IAN MARK LLOYD L.SANTISAS
- 2. 01 What are and main themes and concepts of belief involving this particular religion? 02 What are their definite religious significant? 03 How do they form their idea of God or gods or deity? 04 The distinctive worldviews of this religion. 05 What area of philosophy is particular religion develop?
- 3. • Shintoism is an ancient religion of Japan that started around 1000 B.C. SHINTO
- 4. • The word Shintō, which literally means “the way of kami” (generally sacred or divine power, specifically the various gods or deities), SHINTO
- 5. What are and main themes and concepts of belief involving this particular religion?
- 6. • Is the belief that kami created human life, which is why it is considered sacred. • Shinto practitioners worship kami that is believed to control natural forces and can be influenced by prayers. They believe that by purification, we can achieve divine nature. The main beliefs of Shinto
- 7. Kami provide a mechanism through which the Japanese are able to regard the whole natural world as being both sacred and material. Kami include gods and spirit beings, but also include many other things that are revered for the powers that they possess. Oceans and mountains are kami, so are storms and earthquakes. Kami and the universe
- 8. Amaterasu - the sun goddess. She is believed to be the ancestor to the emperors of Japan. The most important kami
- 10. Ame-no-Uzume goddess of the dawn, who saved the world from eternal night.
- 12. Susanoo god of storm, sea and fields
- 13. Ebisu god of fishermen and luck
- 14. Fūjin god of the wind
- 18. Ryūjin the dragon god of sea and storms
- 20. • Shinto does not have a founder • Propaganda and preaching are not common • it is based on the belief that spiritual powers are thought to exist in the natural world in things
- 21. • Spirits called "kami" live in natural places such as in. ANIMALS PLANTS STONES MOUNTAINS PEOPLE DEAD • Japanese people believe the kami will bring benefits like health, business success and good exam results, if they are treated properly.
- 22. What are its definite religious significance?
- 23. • Purity is one of the significant virtues of Shinto. • It is understanding of good and evil. • Impurity- kegare - pollution or sin. • Purification - Harae
- 24. • Badness, impurity or sin are things that come later in life, and that can usually be got rid of by simple cleansing or purifying rituals.
- 25. TWO SIGNIFICATIONS OF PURITY. • outer purity or bodily purity • inner purity or purity of heart. Sincerity is the guiding ethical principle of Shinto.
- 27. FIRST AFFIRMATION • Is focused on the family.
- 28. SECOND AFFIRMATION • is connected to nature
- 29. THIRD AFFIRMATION • Relates to physical cleanness.
- 30. FOURTH AFFIRMATION • The practice called matsuri.
- 31. How do they form their idea of God or gods or deity?
- 32. • There was no deity supreme over all, but there were some gods raised to higher ranks • The god who held the highest position was the sun goddess, also known as the Ruler of Heaven • Emperors of Japan are said to be descended from the sun goddess named Amaterasu.
- 33. • People found kami in nature, which ruled seas or mountains, as well as in outstanding men. They also believed in kami of ideas such as growth, creation, and judgment. Though each clan made the tutelary kami the core of its unity, such kami were not necessarily the ancestral deities of the clan.
- 34. • Speaking of the reverence toward Kami of Mountain, it started with people’s awareness of mountains as an important source of water for rice cultivation. Then, people came to regard the mountain itself as a sacred object.
- 36. The distinctive worldviews of this religion
- 37. A polytheistic and animistic religion. Shinto revolves around supernatural entities (kami) (神). The kami are believed to inhabit all things, including forces of nature and prominent landscape locations.
- 38. Shinto does not split the universe into a natural physical world and a supernatural transcendent world. It regards everything as part of a single unified creation. Shinto also does not make the Western division between body and spirit - even spirit beings exist in the same world as human beings.
- 39. SHINTŌ CAN BE ROUGHLY CLASSIFIED INTO THE FOLLOWING THREE MAJOR TYPES: • Shrine Shintō • Sect Shintō • Folk Shintō
- 40. • Shrine Shintō is closest to the traditional form of Shinto that is said to date back to prehistoric times. The term is usually used to refer to the beliefs and rituals associated with the shrines that give their allegiance to the Jinja Honcho or Association of Shinto Shrines.
- 41. • Sect Shintō Sect Shinto started in the 19th Century and includes 13 major independent sects which are officially recognised by the Japanese government. Izumo Oyashirokyô (1882) Jikkokyô (1882)
- 42. • Folk Shinto (Minzoku Shintō) • This is the name given to the traditional Shinto that was practiced by ordinary Japanese people at their local shrines • Folk Shinto influences many of the rites of passage celebrated in Japan, together with agricultural and other festivals.
- 43. What area of philosophy is particular religion develop?
- 44. • Ethics • Metaphysics • Axiology
- 45. • Ethics • Evil enters the world from outside. • are to promote harmony and purity in all spheres of life. Purity is not just spiritual purity but moral purity: having a pure and sincere heart.
- 46. METAPHYSICS • Instead, it focuses on a deep reverence for kami, which are often translated as "spirits" or "gods" but can also represent natural forces or entities.
- 47. • Axiology • “Be gentle to nature” or “Be gentle to the earth.” • Observe rituals, and show allegiance
Editor's Notes
- "Land of the Rising Sun". Or The compound means "origin of the sun" or "where the sun rises"
- (known as one of the world’s oldest religions)
- Because SHINTO is oldest religion It is indigenous religious beliefs and practices of Japan. term kami is often translated as “god,” “lord,” or “deity,”
- There are many Shinto gods or spirits and these have shrines dedicated to them where people offer food, money and prayers.
- but the invisible world is regarded as in some way an extension of the everyday world, and not a separate realm. makahimo sa pag-isip sa tibuok natural nga kalibutan ingon nga sagrado ug materyal.
- Her shrine is at Ise and is the most important shrine in Japan.
- Inari, the rice producer, is also an important kami since rice is such an important food in Japan. god of successful business.
- The followers of Shintoism believe that spiritual powers exist in the natural world. But…..
- They believe that spirits called "kami" live in natural places such as in animals, plants, stones, mountains, rivers, people and even the dead.
- Purity is at the heart of Shinto's understanding of good and evil. Impurity in refers to anything which separates us from kami cleanliness is not distinct from godliness'. According to Brandon Toropov and Luke Buckles O.P. They belived that human beings are not born in bad
- They belived that human beings are not born in bad Kegare is seen as being a temporary condition. that can be corrected through achieving harae.( purification)
- There are two significations of purity. If a man is endowed with true inner purity of heart, he will surely attain God-realisation or communion with the Divine.
- According to this affirmation, family values and traditions should be upheld, since the family is the most important institution for preserving traditional values.
- and implies that they should honor nature as the place inhabited by kami. They should spend more time in nature where people can communicate with kami.
- Those who follow Shintoism ritually wash their faces, brush their teeth, and take regular baths as a part of the practice.
- Matsuri is dedicated to honoring the spirits of your ancestors, a festival where spirits and humans meet to enjoy each other’s company. Purification during the festivals is accompanied by prayers, music, dance, offerings, and a meal with sake.
- Rejuvenated - having been given new energy
- Shinto shrines are marked by a special archway called a torii It separates
- Ever since the beginning
- Tutelary – serving as protector or patron
- For example, certain natural phenomena and geographical features were given an attribution of divinity. Most obvious amongst these are the sun goddess Amaterasu and the wind god Susanoo. Rivers and mountains were especially important, none more so than Mt. Fuji, whose name derives from the Ainu name 'Fuchi,' the god of the volcano. a person who believes all natural things, such as plants, animals, rocks, and thunder, have spirits and can influence human events:
- For example, certain natural phenomena and geographical features were given an attribution of divinity. Most obvious amongst these are the sun goddess Amaterasu and the wind god Susanoo. Rivers and mountains were especially important, none more so than Mt. Fuji, whose name derives from the Ainu name 'Fuchi,' the god of the volcano.
- New Stone Age -Yayoi period Kofun period
- certain natural phenomena and geographical features were given an attribution of divinity.
- This mountain faith prepared the way not only for the preservation of mountain forests but also for conservation of the cycle of the ecosystem, given the fact that mountain forests supply rich nutrition to seas through the rivers, and support good inshore fishing. In ancient times reverence toward a holy mountain was expressed by paying respect directly to the mountain itself. People worship by performing Matsuri in these buildings.
- Nowadays, Shinto has a building, or a compound of buildings, where Kami spirit dwells permanently, and people worship by performing Matsuri – a festival to offer prayers to Kami – in these Matsuri – a festival to offer prayers to Kami
- 80,000 shrines all over japan Each shrine has a yearly festival in which people pay their respects to the kami and celebrate with food and drink.
- Allegiance -loyalty or commitment
- and that was not instutionalized by the various national reforms. It is closely connected with the other types of Shintō. It has no formal organizational structure nor doctrinal formulation but is centred in the veneration of small roadside images and in the agricultural rites of rural families.
- No moral absolutes Shinto has no moral absolutes and assesses the good or bad of an action or thought in the context in which it occurs: circumstances, intention, purpose, time, location, are all relevant in assessing whether an action is bad. Good is the default condition Shinto ethics start from the basic idea that human beings are good, and that the world is good. Evil enters the world from outside, brought by evil spirits. These affect human beings in a similar way to disease, and reduce their ability to resist temptation. When human beings act wrongly, they bring pollution and sin upon themselves, which obstructs the flow of life and blessing from the kami. Things which are bad Things which are usually regarded as bad in Shinto are: things which disturb kami things which disturb the worship of kami things which disrupt the harmony of the world things which disrupt the natural world things which disrupt the social order things which disrupt the group of which one is a member
- a follower of Shinto will try to live in accordance with the way of the kami, and in such a way as to keep the relationship with the kami on a proper footing. Good is the default condition Shinto ethics start from the basic idea that human beings are good, and that the world is good. Things which are bad Things which are usually regarded as bad in Shinto are things which disturb kami things which disturb the worship of kami things which disrupt the harmony of the world things which disrupt the natural world things which disrupt the social order things which disrupt the group of which one is a member
- Because it does emphasize harmony with nature, purity, and gratitude for the blessings of the natural world.
- value nature's beauty, observe rituals, and show allegiance to ones family, group, community, and to the kami of the area in which one was born, or the kami worshiped by ones ancestors.
- The highest rank of shinshoku is the gūji (chief priest). In large shrines he generally has serving under him the gon-gūji (associate chief priest), negi (priest, or senior priest), and gon-negi ( junior priest).