1. FIGURE 5- 1
Exposure routes for chemical agents in hazardous waste.

2. FIGURE 5-2
Overview of absorption, distribution, storage,
transformation, and elimination of a toxic substance in the
human body.

3. FIGURE 5-3
Types of doses for dermal contact with
contaminated soil.

4. FIGURE 5-4
Correlation of atmospheric benzene concentrations
with urinary phenol levels in workers in a rubber
coating plant.

5. FIGURE 5-5
Effect of dose fractionalization on
accumulation of a toxic compound.

6. FIGURE 5-6
Sequence of events leading up to a
toxic response.

7. FIGURE 5-7
Representative cellular targets for
toxic action.

8. FIGURE 5-8
Lock-and-key model for toxic
action.

9. FIGURE 5-9
Example of compounds with
identical molecular formula but
different toxicity.

10. FIGURE 5-10
Inhibition of enzyme
acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by
organophosphorus.

11. FIGURE 5-11
Dose-response relationship (dose
versus mortality).

12. FIGURE 5-12
Dose-response relationship for erythrocyte protoporphyrin (EP)
in blood as a function of the blood lead level in subpopulations.

13. FIGURE 5-13
Effect of EGM on the relative
organ weights of testes and
prostate.

14. FIGURE 5-14
Health effects from
breathing and/or
ingesting lead.

15. FIGURE 5-15
Health effects
from breathing
benzene.

16. FIGURE 5-16
Adequacy of human exposure data
on health effects of benzene.

17. FIGURE 5-17
Adequacy of animal test data on
health effects of benzene.

18. FIGURE 5-18
Location of NOAEL
and LOAEL doses with
respect to the threshold
on a typical dose-
response curve.

19. FIGURE 5-19
Three stages in carcinogenesis.

20. FIGURE 5-20
Metabolic activation of
benzo(a)pyrene.

21. FIGURE 5-21
Example of a
point mutation
through base
pair substitution.

22. FIGURE 5-22
2,3,7,8-
tetrachlorodibenzo(p)dioxin.

23. FIGURE 5-23
Hypothetical dose-
response curve for a
typical complete
carcinogen.

24. FIGURE 5-24
Extrapolation of dose-
response relationship
for liver tumors
induced by 2-
cetylaminofluorene in
the low-dose range.

25. FIGURE 5-25
Toxicological/ecological
relevance and time scale
of toxic responses for
levels of biological
organization.

26. FIGURE 5-26
Idealized plot of dose-response relationship.

27. FIGURE 5-27
Graphical
interpolation of time-
ependent LC50
values for sodium selenite.

28. FIGURE 5-28
Biomagnification of pesticides in
aquatic food chains.

29. FIGURE 5-29
Possible movement and fate of a
contaminant after absorption
into the bloodstream of fish.