4. Tan Sri Dato’ Emeritus Professor
Gajaraj Dhanarajan
First Vice-Chancellor & CEO
Wawasan Open University
Malaysia,
“Many individuals in our societies,
regardless of the extent of prior
learning, are perfectly capable of self-
directed learning, if only instruction is
designed sensitively and sensibly,
respecting the learner and supporting
him or her in learning.”
5. Novice
Expert
Experienced
Competent
Time
Learning
Low
High
Show me how?
Help me do it better.
Help me find what I need.
I’ll create my own learning.
(Training)
(Practice, Coaching)
(Access to knowledge and
performance resources)
(Collaboration and
problem solving)
Different levels of mastery require different learning and performance strategies.
6. Evolution of Technology-Based LearningEvolution of Technology-Based Learning
Classroom-
Based
Lectures
Web 2.0
Web 1.0
Web 3.0
Video &
Audio
Tapes
Non-
Network
Based CBT
Time
Non-Networked Networked
Keyword Search
Technology
Social
Constructivism
Semantic Search
Technology
e.g.
Google,
AltaVista
e.g. Wikis,
Twitter,
Facebooke.g. CDs,
DVDs
e.g. Hakia,
SenseBot
Effective
Delivery
Cost
Co$t
7. Web 2.0 offers teachers and learnersWeb 2.0 offers teachers and learners
with rich opportunities for e-Learning.with rich opportunities for e-Learning.
In this digital world,
knowledge exists in the
world rather than in the
head of an individual.
(Connectivism Theory)
8. Global E-Learning MainstreamGlobal E-Learning Mainstream
21st
Century
Education
Web 2.0 tools for
active learning
• Learner centered
• Inquiry based
• Interactive units
of work
• Customizable
contents
• Collaboration
• Communication
• Creation
• Social Media
• OER & FOSS**
e-Books
Teaching
and
Learning
e-Learning
Courses &
Resources
VirtualVirtual
ClassroomClassroom
and LMSand LMS
** OER = Open Educational Resources
FOSS = Free and Open Source Software
9. Definition of e-LearningDefinition of e-Learning
Electronic (e)-learning refers to the
use of the Internet and computer-
based technologies to facilitate
teaching and learning.
“The illiterate of the 21st
century will not be those
who cannot read or write, but those who cannot
learn, unlearn and relearn.”
- Alvin Toffler
10. The e-LearnerThe e-Learner
• Digital natives of Cyberspace
• IT savvy teenagers
• IT savvy adults
• IT savvy senior citizens
The e-TeacherThe e-Teacher
• The guide on the side
e-Learning focuses primarily on the needs of the learner,
instead of on the abilities of the instructor.
11. Hi, I’m a ‘digital native’Hi, I’m a ‘digital native’
My Digital WorldMy Digital World
ofof AABBCC ......
GG is for …
A: Apple B: Blog
C: Chat D: Download
E: Email F: Facebook
12. 2121stst
Century LiteracyCentury Literacy
• Find and validate information
• Synthesize information and
leverage on it
• Ability to communicate and
collaborate
• Ability to solve problems
Literacy today depends on understanding the multiple
media that make up our high-tech reality and developing
the skills to use them effectively.
13. Sources: OECD (2006) & Accenture (2008)
Commercial
Knowledge
LanguagesMathematicsScience &
Engineering
Technological (e.g. ability to use existing and new technologies)
Informational (e.g. literacy, numeracy, writing & speaking)
Problem solving (e.g. application of logic or resources to solve
everyday problems)
Adaptability (e.g. ability to master new skills quickly)
Team-working (e.g. ability to work in diverse and often virtual
environments)
EnablingSkills
Specific Knowledge
2121stst
Century Graduates and K-WorkersCentury Graduates and K-Workers
14. The 21The 21stst
century Teachercentury Teacher
• Innovatively engage the students
• Don’t just instruct, ask what students
want to know
• Let students use technology (Internet
and Social Media)
• Enrich student’s learning experience
• Give students an open learning
environment
• Show students the outside world
16. • E-Portfolios
• Google Docs
• Learning Management System
• Mind Mapping Activities
• Wikipedia, WikiEducator
• Blogs, etc …
Ways to engage e-LearnersWays to engage e-Learners
17. 1. Level of academic challenge
2. Active and collaborative learning
3. Student-instructor interaction
4. Enriching education experiences
5. A supportive learning environment
Five indicators for studentFive indicators for student
engagement in universityengagement in university
18. e-Learning Best Practicese-Learning Best Practices
1. Promoting knowledge sharing with networked
collaboration (connectivism)
2. Encouraging student centered learning and
inquiry
3. Connecting what students are learning to the
real world
4. Anchor student learning with digital-age tools
and resources
5. Gauge student understanding with formative
assessments
19. Seven critical success factorsSeven critical success factors
for e-Learnersfor e-Learners
1. Access to tools
2. Technological competence
3. Learning preferences
4. Study habits and skills
5. Learner’s goals and purposes
6. Lifestyle factors
7. Personal traits and characteristics
20. Source: Johnson, L., Smith, R., Willis, H, Levine, A., & Haywood, K. (2011).
The 2011 Horizon Report. Austin, Texas: The New Media Consortium.
Technologies to watch …Technologies to watch …
in the context of their mainstream use for
teaching, learning and creative inquiry.
• Mobile computing
• Electronic books
• Augmented reality
• Game-based learning
• Gesture-based computing
• Learning analytics
21. Thank YouThank You
Prof. Dato’ Dr. Ho Sinn Chye
Deputy Vice-Chancellor
(Academic)
scho@wou.edu.my
