This document provides an overview of plastic surgery, including its history and various subspecialties. It discusses:
- The origins and evolution of plastic surgery from ancient Egypt and India to its modern development after World War I to reconstruct extensive war injuries.
- The subspecialties of plastic surgery like reconstructive microsurgery, hand surgery, burn treatment, craniofacial surgery, and aesthetic surgery.
- The multidisciplinary nature of plastic surgery, requiring teams of specialists like anesthesiologists, general surgeons, and other medical professionals.
- Emerging areas of plastic surgery like regenerative wound templates, supermicrosurgery techniques, and potential future procedures like face transplants.
5. WHEN?(HISTORY)
• IT IS A RECENT DISCIPLINE WITH OLD ROOTS
• ANCIENT ROOTS
– EGYPTIAN
• In 1213 BC – Ramses II (After life)
– INDIAN
• In 600 BC – Sushruta - First known Plastic surgery
– ROMANS
• 100 BC – 5TH CENTURY AD
• Aulus Cornelius Celsus
6. FATHER OF PLASTIC SURGEON
• MAHARISHI SUSHRUTA
• Author of Sushruta
Samhita
• Rhinoplasty, Ear lobe
reconstruction,
amputations, skin
grafting, genital
reconstruction
• Indian Rhinoplasty –
Published in Gentleman’s
Magazine Of London 1794
7. • Middle Age &
Renaissance Period
– Showed decline in Plastic
Surgery works
– Tagliocozzi –
Brotherhood of Death
– Joseph Peter Mettauer-
Cleft palate
– Vincenz Czerny - Breast
Augmentation
8. FATHER OF MODERN PLASTIC
SURGERY
• The seeds of Modern Plastic surgery were sown in the 1920s out of the need
for reconstruction of devastating injuries during World War I
• HAROLD GILLES -
• Born in New Zealand in 17th June 1882
• STUDIED IN CAMBRIDGE
• OTOLARYNGOLOGIST
• OBSERVER UNDER DENTAL SURGEON
• JOINED ROYAL ARMY & WORKED IN WORLD WAR
I & II
• VISITED INDIA IN 1957
9. • EXTENSIVE WORKS IN
WAR VETERANS
• TUBED FLAPS
• SKIN GRAFTING
• SEX REASSIGNMENT
SURGERIES
• PRINCIPLES OF PLASTIC
SURGERY
10. • Reconstructive microsurgery arrived in
the 1960s when free flaps and replantations
started off.
– Julius Jacobson & Ernesto Suarez – 1960 – Vascular
anastomosis
– Malt & Mc Khann – 1962 – First successful forearm
replant
– Yoshio Nakayama – 1964 – First free flap
– Cobbett – 1976 – First toe to hand transfer
– Koshimo – 1989 – Free Perforator flaps
11. • Modern Aesthetic / Cosmetic surgery started
taking shape in the 1960s and 1970s when
newly created silicone was growing in
popularity.
• Cronin & Gerow – Silicon implant - 1972
• Botswick – LD flap for breast reconstruction
• Illouz – LIPOSUCTION – 1982
12. INDIAN HISTORY
• 1950 – DR. CBK – Started
Plastic Surgery Department
in Nagpur
• 1957 – Plastic Surgery
Section in ASI – By Harold
Gillies
• 1961 – KEM Hospital , Dr.
Pinto – Cleft lip & Palate
• 1966 – First microvascular
surgery Dr. Antia and Dr.
Buch
• 1971 – Exclusive Hand
Surgery Department in
Stanley Medical College
13. • 1971 – Burns
Association of India
• 1974 – Indian Society
for Surgery of Hand – by
Dr. RV
• 1992- Indian Society for
Reconstructive
Microsurgery
14. HOW? (PRINCIPLES OF PLASTIC SURGERY)
1)Observation is the basis of surgical
diagnosis
2) Diagnose before you treat
3) Make a plan and a pattern for this plan
4) Make a record
5) Have a lifeboat
6) A good style will get you through
7) Replace what is normal in a normal
position and retain it there
8) Treat the primary defect first
9) Losses must be replaced in kind
10) Do something positive
11) Never throw anything away
12) Never let routine methods become your
Master
13) Consult other specialists
14) Speed in surgery consists of not doing
the same thing twice
15) The after care is as important as the
planning of the surgery itself
16) Never do today what can be honourably
be put off till tomorrow
15. MYTHS & FACTS
MYTHS
• COSTLY
• CAN BE DONE ONLY IN
CORPORATE HOSPITALS
• ONE MAN SHOW
• RESTRICTED TO COSMETIC &
SKIN GRAFTING
• UNREALISTIC EXPECTATIONS
FACTS
• AFFORDABLE
• DEFINITELY CAN BE DONE IN
MOST HOSPITAL SET UP
• MULTIDISCIPLINARY
• NUMEROUS PROCEDURES
• SCIENTIFICALLY POSSIBLE
RESULTS
