Basic description of Advanced Maintenance Free Earthing Solutions.

1. SARVAYOGAM CORP
Moving Towards Global Contexts…

2. WHO WE ARE?
 Authorized dealers for E-Link brand
Chemical earthing products &LED
Lighting
 We also deal in ESE LPS, Cable trays,
Control panels, Solar energy generation
systems, Rain water harvesting services
among others
 Have strong client base with office &
godowns in Ahmedabad, Surat, Mumbai &
Goa

3. Introduction to
Advance
Maintenance Free
Chemical Earthing

4. ADVANCE MAINTENANCE FREE EARTHING
 Longer Life, Easy to install, Consistent
 Adheres to IS:3043-1987 norms for earthing
 Adding water in dry months- the only
maintenance required
 No other maintenance required for Long
term- 4-6 years. After this period, one may
require to re-fill Chemical
 Certified by ERDA

5. WHAT IS THIS SO CALLED CHEMICAL
EARTHING?
 Use of Bentonite based back fill compound
for earthing purpose
 Contents:
- Bentonite- Retains Moisture in dry
conditions
- Graphite- Enhances conductivity of soil
- Aluminium Silicate + Metal Powders-
Conductivity
- Bonding Resins- Keep soil content intact

6. HOW CHEMICAL EARTHING WORKS?
 As per IS:3043-1987 for earthing, length of
electrode is of more critical importance than
surface area.
 So a rod/ pipe with 3 meter length can
dissipate fault current faster than a 2 feet X
2 feet earthing plate placed at depth of 6
feet
 Fault current generated dissipates faster
into the soil from a rod/ pipe (See diagram
in next slide)

8. TYPES OF EARTHING ELECTRODE IN CHEMICAL EARTHING
 Constructed out of ISI
marked Pipes from Asian/
Apollo
 Available in GI/ Copper
Bonded Material
 Copper coating or
galvanization of 100
microns
 Strip of 40 X 6 or 50 X 60
placed inside pipe
 Constructed out of Low
carbon, High tensile
strength Steel rods
 Available in Copper
Bonded material
 Copper coating
standards: 100 Microns &
250 Microns
Pipe Type Chemical Earthing Rod Type Chemical Earthing

10. PIPE TYPE EARTHING
 In case of pipe type earthing, Galvanization or
Copper bonding is done on external pipe
as well as internal strip.
 Strip is placed in pipe, surrounding space is filled
with crystalline conductive compound and the pipe
is welded & closed.

11. PIPE TYPE EARTHING MODELS
 Material: GI & Copper Bonded
 External thickness of Pipe: 48 MM, 78 MM
 Wall thickness of Pipe: 3.2 MM, 3.7 MM
 Length of Pipe: 2 Meter, 3 Meter
 Internal strip: 40 MM X 6 MM, 50 MM X 6
MM running across the length of electrode
(refer to diagram in slide no 9)

12. ROD TYPE EARTHING
 Rod of adequate size is coated with 99.9%
pure copper.
 2 Standards in Copper Coating:
- 100 Microns & 250 Microns

13. ROD TYPE EARTHING MODELS
 Thickness of Rod: 17 MM, 19 MM, 25 MM,
32 MM, 38 MM
 Length: 2 Meter, 3 Meter- Customizable
according to the requirement of the project-
Using male-female threadings, rods can be
interconnected and a larger earth electrode
can be formed

14. TRADITIONAL EARTHING V/S ADVANCE
EARTHING
 Traditional Earthing uses thick earthing
plate while Advance Earthings use MORE
thicker Rods & Pipes
 Due to greater thickness- Long Life
 Less exposure to corrosion due to Chemical
layer that protects the earthing electrode

15. Max thickness:
4 MM
Max Life: 5-6
Years
Min thickness:
16 MM
Max Life: 14-18
Years

16. TRADITIONAL EARTHING V/S
ADVANCE EARTHING
 Use of Salt & Coal
Powder
 Salt gets washed away
due to ground water or
rains
 Plate life is small
 Liable to fast corrosion &
decay of earthing plate
 Plate in direct contact
with soil contaminants
 Use of Backfill compound
 Does not get washed
away as bonding resins
are added
 Life of electrode is large
 Scientifically designed to
resist corrosion
 Back fill compound
comes between soil &
electrode
Traditional Earthing Advance Earthing

17. TRADITIONAL EARTHING V/S
ADVANCE EARTHING
 Ohmic values keep
fluctuating according to
season & over period
of time
 Coal- Salt Mixture is
not homogenous.
Hence fault current
dissipation is not
uniform
 Constant Ohmic values
across dry & wet
seasons over long
period of time
 Back Fill Compound is
homogenous, making
charge dissipation in
soil easy
Traditional Earthing Advance Earthing

18. TRADITIONAL EARTHING V/S
ADVANCE EARTHING
 Water pipes used- not
standard
 Salt gets dissolved
 GI/ Cu coating on pipes
& rods makes it
standard & provides
mechanical strength
 Back fill compound
does not get dissolved,
becomes integrated
part of soil around
electrode
Traditional Earthing Advance Earthing

19. TRADITIONAL EARTHING V/S
ADVANCE EARTHING
 Broader pit of 4-5 feet is
required to be dug
 Requires more labour &
efforts.
 Wall thickness of
conductor not enough to
withstand high fault
currents & stabilize
voltage in modern
equipments
 Augered pit of 8 inch
broad & 2/3 meter depth
needs to be dug-
requires lesser time
 Requires lesser effort
 Wall thickness of
conductor enough to
withstand high fault
currents
 stabilizes voltage in
modern equipments
Traditional Earthing
Traditional Earthing Advance Earthing

20. TRADITIONAL EARTHING V/S
ADVANCE EARTHING
 Due to large size &
size of pit, cannot be
deep driven. Max
depth- 2 meter
 Can be deep driven. We
have handled projects
where we have supplied
earthing rods of 5 meters
length. As per IS:3043,
resistances lower as
depth increases. So this
earthing makes quicker
dissipation of fault current
as resistances get lower.
Traditional Earthing
Advance Earthing

21. BACK FILL COMPOUND

22. ADVANTAGES OF BACK FILL COMPOUND
 Hygroscopic in nature
 Maintains moisture around pit; absorbs
water up to 28% of its’ weight. (Moisture
maintains ions in soil- which is necessary for
dissipation of fault current)
 Protects earthing electrode by acting as
barrier to contaminants, reactive metals,
salts
 Enhances soil conductivity- as it contains
metal powders

23. ADVANTAGES OF BACK FILL COMPOUND
 Does not pollute ecology or ground water as
it is formulated out of naturally occurring
substances and elements
 Does not shrink with passage of time
(Advantage against Coal)
 Non corrosive to the earthing electrode

28. 8.6 At above 20 % moisture the resistivity is
very little affected while below 20 % , the
resistivity increases very abruptly. The
normal moisture content of soils range
from 10 % in dry seasons to 35 % in wet
seasons and an approximate average may
be perhaps 16-18 %.
Our back fill compound is
Highly hygroscopic in
nature and has a capacity
to retain moisture up to 20
times of its volume. Due to
this property the moisture
% is maintained during dry
seasons.
8.8.1 Approximately 90 % of the resistance
between a driven rod and earth lies
within a radius of about 2 meters from
the rod. This should be kept in mind when
applying the agents for artificial
treatment.
Our back fill compounds
filled in vicinity if earthing
rods is highly conductive
in nature and that helps in
lowering earth resistivity.

32. INSTALLATION

33. TYPE OF EARTHING
 Equipment Earthing or Body Earthing
 System Earthing or Neutral Earthing
 Static Earthing
 Lightning Earthing
 Electronic Earthing

34. EQUIPMENT EARTHING
 Equipment Earthing is Conductive Connection
between body i.e. non current carrying metal part
of electrical appliance/ machinery and Mass of
Earth.
 As per IS 3043 Clause 4.2 each medium voltage
equipment shall be earthed by two separate and
distinct connection by earth

35. WHY EQUIPMENT EARTHING ?
 To protect human being from exposure to
dangerous electrical shock.
 To trip the protective gear in case of ground
fault

36. HOW EQUIPMENT EARTHING PROTECT ?
 An equipment grounding conductor normally carries
no current unless there is an insulation failure.
 When in case of insulation failure fault occurs, fault
current will flow back to the system source through
the equipment grounding conductors
 Here Earth Resistance Value plays an Important
Role

37. EQUIPMENT EARTHING
A 5 HP Motor is connected to Single Phase
240 V Supply with 32 A Fuse / MCB.
Assume that live wire touches the Body of
motor.
Earth Resistance is say 20 Ohms
Hence Earth Fault Current shall be 12 Amp.
This is less than 32 Amp and hence Fuse
shall not blow or MCB Shall not trip.
Hence ……………………
Why Earth Resistance Should Be Low

38. EQUIPMENT EARTHING
Hence If any body touches the Motor Body then get Electrical Shock
If current passing through human body is more than 20 mA then fatal
accident may occur.
Why Earth Resistance Should Be Low

39. EQUIPMENT EARTHING
If Earth Resistance is Say 2
Ohms
Then Earth Fault Current shall
be 120 Amp
Hence Fuse shall blown or MCB
shall trip.
This will protect the person from
Electrical Shock.
Why Earth Resistance Should Be Low
Thus Earth Resistance Value is Important, Let us see about Earth Resistance

40. EARTHING RESISTANCE
Earthing Resistance Depends On Following :
1. Resistance of the Soil from Electrode to Infinite
Earth i.e. SOIL RESISTIVITY
2. Resistance of the Electrode ( Metal )
3. Contact Resistance Between Electrode and
the Soil
 The Factor Affect Most…SOIL RESISTIVITY

41. SOIL RESISTIVITY
 Varies from soil to soil
 It depends on the composition of soil, Moisture
content, Temperature of Soil, Dissolved salts,
grain size and its distribution, seasonal
variation.
 Almost 90% of earth resistance is contributed
by soil within radius of 2 Mtr. of Earth
Electrode. ( IS 3043 Clause 8.8.1)
 For Improving Soil Resistivity Artificial
Treatment is made i.e use of Salt and Charcoal
is made in Traditional Earthing System
Earthing Resistance

42. CONVENTIONAL EARTHING
• One G.I /C.I. pipe of
particular diameter , inserted
in pit .
• Copper plate attached to the
G.I. Pipe .
• Salt and charcoal filled
around it as backfill material

43. LIMITATION OF
CONVENTIONAL EARTHING
 The salt poured in pit dissolves
in water and gets deposited on
G. I. Pipe and starts severe
corrosion. The pipe is cut after
some time and earthing is
ineffective
 The earth resistance value is
very high and fluctuating. The
earth resistance value
increases heavily with Season.
 Regular watering, recharging
etc required.
ARE YOU SURE THAT YOUR CONVENTIONAL
EARTHING………

44. HOW TO MAKE EARTHING EFFECTIVE
& RELIABLE ?
 Which increase reliability of Earth Electrode against
Corrosion
 Which increase Soil Conductivity
 Which needs least maintenance
 Reliable
IS THIS POSSIBLE IN CONVENTIONAL EARTHING
NO
Then………………..

45. SOLUTION IS ……..
 Scientifically Developed
 Dual Electrode Technology
 Ideal Back Fill Compound (BFC)
Manufactured as per IS 3043:1987.
Tested by E.R.D.A.
E – LINK ADVANCED EARTHING SYSTEM

46. DUAL ELECTRODE TECHNOLOGY
 There are Two Electrodes, one
inside the other
 Outer Electrode is made of B class
ISI marked GI Pipe
 Inner Electrode is made of GI Strip
having heavy thickness 50 mm x
10 mm or 40 mm x 6 mm as per
different model which makes
ability to carry heavy fault current
E – LINK ADVANCED EARTHING
SYSTEM

47. DUAL ELECTRODE TECHNOLOGY
 The Space between Inner and
Outer Electrode is Filled with
Highly Conductive and Non
Corrosive Material
 Inner Earthing Electrode is not in
direct contact with the soil.
 Thus even Outer Electrode get
corrodes the Innner Electrode
remain safe for longer period.
 Increase the life of Earthing
System
E – LINK ADVANCED EARTHING
SYSTEM

48. EARTH CONDUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT MATERIAL
(ECIM)
 Earthing System is Supplied with
Earth Conductivity Improvement
Material ECIM
 Earth Electrode is surrounded by
ECIM
 As the Moisture mixes with the
ECIM, an Electrolytic Solution is
formed which improves Electrode
Performance.
 ECIM maintains moisture and
reduce soil resistivity around the
Electrode.
 No need to recharge pit. Except in
sandy/rocky areas.
E – LINK ADVANCED EARTHING
SYSTEM

49. EARTH CONDUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT MATERIAL
(ECIM)
 Does not dissolve in Water hence
remain around Electrode
 Swelling characteristic of ECIM
help making good bonding of
Electrode with ECIM which is
crucial in Earthing
 Unlike Salt and Charcoal Does not
promote Corrosion
 Hence life of Earthing System is
increased
 Contains eco-friendly materials.
E – LINK ADVANCED EARTHING
SYSTEM

50. ADVANTAGE
 Dual Electrode Technology
 ERDA Tested
 Corrosion Resistive System
 Least fluctuation of Ohmic value.
 Practically Maintenance Free
 Easy Installation
 Longer Life
 Reliable as Electrode is surrounded
by highly conductive soil so the
charge dissipation through the
electrode is very high , sufficient to
trip the fault relays
E – LINK ADVANCED EARTHING
SYSTEM

51. INSTALLATIO
N
 Make a bore of 8 - 10 inch dia up to
the suitable depth to install electrode
of required length.
 Fill the space between electrode and
soil with specially developed ECIM
mixed with dug out soil in small
quantities along with water. Continue
till pit is filled up to the neck of
electrode as shown in the illustration.
 After installation pour a few buckets of
water around electrode, ensure that
the consistency of the ECIM is pasty
and not watery.

52. E-Link Advanced Earthing Traditional Earthing
Dual Electrode Technology, there are two
electrode, one inside the other i.e., Outer
side pipe, inside strip technology
One G.I /C.I. pipe of particular diameter.
Inner Electrode is not in direct contact with
the soil.
The earth electrode is in direct contact with
the soil.
Corrosion Resistive system Liable to fast corrosion, subsequent decay
of earthing pipe/plate.
Fluctuation of Ohmic value is less. Fluctuation of Ohmic value is more, results
in frequent maintenance of gadgets /
machines and may endanger human life
too.
Since E-Link Electrode is surrounded by
highly conductive soil so the charge
dissipation through the electrode is very
high and the current density across the
electrode is very low which results in very
high fault current, that is sufficient to trip
the fault relays.
Distribution of short circuit current is less
in terms of charge dissipation therefore it
generates high potential at the pit which
result in low fault current in comparison to
required tripping circuit of fault protection.

53. ERDA TEST REPORT
50 MM DIA GI MODEL

54. ERDA TEST REPORT
80 MM DIA GI MODEL

55. ERDA TEST REPORT
32 MM DIA CU Rod MODEL

56. ISO Certificate

57. WHY WE ARE BEST
???

58. WHY WE ARE BEST
???

59. WHY WE ARE BEST
???

60. WHY WE ARE BEST
???

61. WHY WE ARE BEST
???

62. E-Link Advanced Earthing Traditional Earthing
Practically no need to change i.e., fit and
forget. The life is 15-20 years in normal soil
conditions.
Need to be changed frequently in every
4-5 years
E-Link Electrode is provided with ECIM
(Earth Conductivity Improvement Material)
which is reduces the soil resistivity and retain
moisture for long time and hence less
variation in Ohmic value.
Salt, charcoal is used as back fill compound,
as salt is highly corrosive electrolyte, it
corrodes G.I / C.I electrodes.
Finally get the high Ohmic value.
The ECIM compound is not soluble in water
& it becomes part of the soil around the
electrode.
Back fill compound (salt) used will be
washed away in rainy seasons and will be
resulted as high Ohmic value.
It requires less space and time to install the
earthing electrode.
It requires a large space and time to install the
earthing electrode.

63. APPLICATION
S
 Telecommunication Towers & Microwave Antennas
 Transmission & Distribution Systems
 Substation & Power Generators
 Computers & Data processing Centers
 Manufacturing Facilities & Refineries
 Transformer neutral earthing
 Lightning Protection earthing
 Where ever electrical safety is needed

64. CUSTOMER LIST:
 Gas Authority of India Ltd.
 D - Mart
 Anu impex
 Avadh Infra Project
 Crystal Interior Products Ltd
 Dirgh Diamond Pvt Ltd
 Gangotri Corporation
 J.B Syntax Pvt Ltd
 Jai Mahavir Prints Pvt Ltd
 Nahata Developers Pvt Ltd

65. CUSTOMER LIST:
 Right Industries
 Ravani Builders
 Shiv Dhara
 Shree Khedut Sahakari Udyog Mandli Ltd
 Venus Mills Pvt Ltd
 Maruti Electricals
 Parekh Electricals
 Shree Kashtabhanjan Electricals
 Sach Electro Mech Pvt Ltd
& many more…

66. THANK YOU