WATERMELON

1. COURSE NAME : COMMERCIAL HORTICULTURE
COURSE CODE : HEL 406
SUBMITTED TO : Dr. M J Dobriyal
( Dean of COHF )
SUBMITTED BY :
• Sourabh Gurava H/047/19
• Nitesh Ahlawat H/064/19
• Anil kumar H/067/19
• Bhanwarlal H/069/19
STUDENT READY :
E L P (Experimental learning program)

2. •Prepared Polybags for cuttings and
grafting of different fruit plants on
February 22 and 23.
•Prepared Fig cuttings on February 25.
•Harvested strawberry fruits on March 6.
•Filled and shifted plants to new poly bags
on March 16, 17, 18, and 21.
•All tasks were carried out under the
supervision of Dr. Ranjit Pal & Dr. Govind
Vishwakarma.
2
Experimental Learning Programme on Fruit Crops

3. Tools & Equipment:
•Spade
•Hand Trowel
•Polybag
Preparation Method:
1.We gathered the upper surface soil and well-rotted
farmyard compost in a ratio of 2:1.
2.To protect the cuttings from termite attacks, we mixed
Chloropyrophos into the soil mixture.
3.We proceeded to fill a total of 250 polybags with the
prepared soil mixture.
3
Soil Filling in Poly bags

4. Cutting preparation of fig
Cutting preparation
Treatment of IBA
•We successfully carried out the process of
fig cutting, which involved carefully selecting
healthy fig branches and making clean cuts
at specific angles.
•The selected branches were then prepared
for propagation by removing any excess
leaves and ensuring a smooth and even
surface for optimal rooting.
•The cuttings were treated with a rooting
hormone (IBA 2000 ppm ) solution to
enhance the chances of successful root
development.
•Finally, the prepared fig cuttings were
placed in a suitable growing medium and
provided with appropriate care and
conditions to encourage root growth and
future plant establishment.

5. Cutting preparation of fig
 The fig cuttings were planted in individual polybags after careful
preparation. They were placed upright in the polybags with
suitable growing medium, labeled, and provided with proper care
for successful growth.
Planting of cuttings in polybags Sprouting of cutting

6. We successfully harvested approximately 25 kg of strawberries
 Harvested varieties -
Winter don, Sweet Sensation, Winter queen, winter star, flaming
Harvesting of strawberry

7. Poly bags Filling
•Prepared a mixture of farmyard manure (FYM) and soil for refilling the poly bags.
•Transplanted rootstocks of Guava, Custard Apple, Aonla, and Mango.
•The refilling process involved carefully preparing a balanced mixture of FYM and soil to provide
essential nutrients.
•Transplantation was carried out for each rootstock, ensuring proper placement and optimal growing
conditions in the poly bags
Aonla seedlings Guava seedlings

8. Olericulture experimental learning
program
Under the vegetable ELP, we accomplished the
following tasks:
1.Raised Solanaceae seedlings.
2.Raised Cucurbitaceous seedlings.
3.Cultivation of Watermelon.
These activities contributed to hands-on learning
and practical experience in vegetable production
8

9. Raising of Vegetable seedling
Crop name Botanical name Variety No. of Trays
1
Cucumber
Cucumis sativus
Malini
10 trays
2 Tomato
Sloanum
lycopersicum
Kashi Aman 20 trays
3
Brinjal
Solanum
melongena
Arka Harita
Kashi Uttam
Kashi Taru
5 trays
9 20XX

10. Cultivation of Vegetable Seedlings
 Tray Preparation
 Begin by filling each tray with a mixture of Farmyard Manure
(FYM) and soil, maintaining a ratio of 1:1.
 Ensure that each tray is filled evenly and placed on a flat
surface to facilitate proper drainage of water.
 Seed Sowing
 Next, we sow the seeds in the prepared trays.
Place a single seed in each pit of the seed tray.

11.  Watering:
 Immediately after sowing, we
provided watering to the trays to
ensure proper hydration. Our
irrigation schedule consists of
watering the trays every morning.
 Germination:
 Following the watering and care
provided, the seeds undergo the
process of germination. This is when
the seeds start sprouting and the
initial growth of the seedlings occurs.

12. Preparing seedlings of the Cucurbitaceae family
 The root trainer is filled with a mixture
of FYM (Farm Yard Manure) and soil,
in a 1:1 ratio.
 The seeds are sown in the root
trainers immediately after filling
them. They are sown at a depth of
2-3 cm within the root trainers.

13.  We watered the seeds immediately
after sowing. However, we made
sure to avoid excessive watering to
prevent any waterlogging or
overhydration.
 Germination typically occurs
within 4-5 days after sowing
the seeds.

14. Cultivation of Watermelons (Citrullus lanatus)
INTRODUCTION
 Botanical name- Citrullus lanatus
 Chromosome no.- 2n= 22
 Family – Cucurbitaceae
 Origin- Tropical Africa

15. VARIETY GROWN- SHENSHAH-60 (F1 hybrid)
Field preparation
Watermelon cultivation field
preparation:
• 1. Plough soil 3-4 times.
• 2. Mix compost or FYM during
plowing.
• 3. Start 3-4 weeks before sowing.
• 4. Reduce compactness.
• 5. Promote deep root penetration.

16. Sowing:
1. Insitu or bag sowing for early crops.
2. Recommended seed rate: 3-3.5 kg/ha.
3. Sowing methods: furrow, bed, pit, or mounds.
4. Germination in 10 days; spacing: 1 meter for furrow
sowing.
Date of sowing: 22 Feb,2023
MANURE AND FERTILIZER-
• Apply FYM 20 t/ha, P 55 kg and K 55 kg as basal
and N 55 kg/ha 30 days after sowing.Apply
Azospirillum and Phosphobacteria @ 2 kg/ha and
Pseudomonoas @ 2.5 kg/ha along with FYM 50 kg
and neem cake 100 kg before last ploughing

17. Frequent irrigation is very important in summer to spring crop, while in rainy
season crop, irrigation may not be necessary at all. If rainfall is well distributed.
IRRIGATION

18. GERMINATION-
• Germination typically takes place
after approximately 10 days from
the sowing date, which in this
particular instance would be around
the 5th of March, 2023.

19. FLOWERING -Flowering typically occurs approximately 40 days
after sowing, which in this case specifically indicates that flowering
took place on the 4th of April, 2023.

20. Fruiting: Watermelon plants typically start fruiting within 60 to 90 days after sowing,
with variations depending on factors such as the variety, environmental conditions, and
cultivation practices.

21. INTERCULTURAL OPERATIONS
WEEDING
Weeding and earthing up are
done during top dressing with
nitrogen fertilizers when the vines
spread. Vine growth can smother
weeds, making weeding between
rows unnecessary. For successful
watermelon cultivation, keep plots
weed-free. Early-stage beds and
ridges should be kept weed-free.

22. INSECTICIDE SPRAY-
At the 2-leaf stage, our crop
faced a severe infestation of
red pumpkin beetles.
To safeguard our crop, we applied the first spray of Imidacloprid at a rate
of 5ml per 10 liters of water. Subsequently, we conducted the second and
third sprays with an interval of 7 and 10 days, respectively.

23. Watermelon harvest period: 40-45 days from flowering.
Thinning: Recommended for bigger, better-quality fruits.
Suggested fruit retention per vine: 3-4.
Average yield range: 35-50 tonnes per hectare (t/ha).
HARVESTING AND YIELD-

24. Red pumpkin beetle (Aulacophora
foveicollis) is a pest that damages
watermelon plants.
Damage: Larvae and adults eat young
leaves and flowers. Grubs bore into roots,
and pupate in the soil.
Control methods:
1. Hand picking and dusting kerosinised
ash.
2. Spraying Malathion 50EC @ 2ml/1 liter
of water.
PLANT PROTECTION –

25. DISTRIBUTION OF WATERMELON

26. Other Crops
OKRA (Abelmoschus
esculentus)
VARIETY: Pusa bhindi 5
BOTTLEGAURD
(Lagenaria
siceraria)
VARIETY: Pant Loki 3
,Pusa Samridhi
COWPEA (Vigna
unguiculata)
VARIETY: Khashi Nidhi,
Khashi Kanchan
CUCUMBER (Cucumis
sativus)
VARIETY: Malini

27. S.N
o
Particulars Quantity Price/Rs
1. Seed 100 gm 350
2. FYM 150 kg 150
3. Fertilizer 2.3 kg 23
4. Insecticide 7.2 ml 11
5. Human labour 6 650
• Total cost 1184
• Yield 100 kg 1500
• Profit 316
Benefit Cost Ratio 0.26
Benefit Cost Ratio

28. ELP work in floriculture.
Under the Floriculture ELP, we accomplished the
following tasks:
1. Preparation of Holi colours.
2. Propagation techniques for Snake plants
3. Propagation of Spider grass.
Under the guidance of Dr. Priyanka Sharma,
these activities provided valuable hands-on
learning opportunities and practical experience in
flower production
28

29. HOLI COLOUR MAKING
FLOWER ORGANIC COLOUR PREPARATION:
Beet root and Bougainvillea Purple cabbage Flowers of Naustartium

30. Harvesting
of flower
Washing of
flower
Crush the
flowers
with water
Sieve the
Solution
Mix with
arrow root
powder
Dry the
mixture in
dehydrator/
sun drying
Again sieve
the dry
mixture
Packaging
in
polythene
packets
PROCEDURE

31. • Plucking of flowers • Removing of petals

32. • Mixing of colour with Arrowroot • Drying of paste

33. • Packaging of colours

34. Snake plant propagation techniques.
• POLYBAG FILLING
We prepared the mixture of soil and FYM in the ratio of 1:1 to fill in
polybags

35. • Propagation of snake plant through division • Removing the individual parts of
snake plant

36. • Planting of division • Assembling the snake plant

37. Mixing of
FYM and
soil in ratio
of 1:1
Filling
mixture
into poly
bags
Prepare
Division
from
mother
snake plant
Division
planted
into the
poly bags
Process of snakeplant propagation

38. Propagation of Spider grass (Chlorophytum
comosum )
Mixing of FYM and
soil in ratio of 1:1
Filling mixture into poly bags
The plantlets were
transplanted into
poly bags.
• Process of Spider grass
propagation
Propagation of
plantlets from the
mother plant.

39. Thank You