Positive signs of Pregnancy in Mare Alterations of Uterus in Pregnancy Estimation of Stage of Pregnancy Methods of Pregnancy Diagnosis

1. Pregnancy Check in
Mare
Presented By Shahzad Hur
DVM, UVAS
8-Apr-22
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2. Positive signs of Pregnancy in Mare
• Amniotic Vesicles
• Fetus Itself
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3. Alterations of Uterus in Pregnancy
• Increase of Size of Uterus
• Fluctuation
• Fetal Membrane
• Hypertrophy of Arteries
• Position of Uterus
• Position of ovaries
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4. Estimation of Stage of Pregnancy
Four Week (28-30 day ) Pregnancy
Spherical Enlargement…2-3 cm
diameter
Lower one third of Horn
Ventrally
Tone of Uterus
Bred on Foal Heat
Five-week (35 days) Pregnancy
Size 3-4 cm…Golf Ball
Spherical located in horn
Thin wall over bulge
Feel Fluctuation
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5. Estimation of Stage of Pregnancy
Six-Week (42–45 days)
Pregnancy
Slightly oval Shape
Tennis Ball
Size 5-7 cm * 5 cm
Junction of horn and uterine
body
Seven-Week (48-50 days)
Pregnancy
Distinctly Oval shape
7-8cm *6-7cm
Body of Uterus Involved
Fluctuations of fetal Fluid
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6. Estimation of Stage of Pregnancy
Two-Month (60-65 days)
Pregnancy
Football Size
½ part of fetus in uterus
12-15 cm * 8-10 cm
Three-Month (90-100 days)
Pregnancy
Entire Body of uterus
Descend over pelvic
20-25 cm* 12-16 cm
Bulge not Grasped
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7. Estimation of Stage of Pregnancy
3-5 Months Pregnancy
Descending Uterus
Ovaries ventrally and more
anteriorly
Not completely descended
Fetus is palpable
5-7 Months Pregnancy
Descent of Uterus complete
Tension of Broad Ligament
Fremitus
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8. Estimation of Stage of Pregnancy
7 Months To Parturition
Ascent of Gravid Uterus
Extremities of fetus
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9. Methods of Pregnancy Diagnosis
1. Management Method
2. Clinical Methods
3. Ultrasonographic Method
4. Laboratory Method
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10. Managemental Method
• Failure to return to estrus…….good sign
• False positives
If mare has silent heat……………those with foal
If mare becomes anestrous…….lactation & environmental factors
Prolonged Luteal phase…..embryonic death…referred pseusopregnancy.
• False negatives……..show heat although pregnant.
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11. Clinical Methods
1) Vaginal Examination
Speculum…to see vaginal and
cervical changes.
Vagina dry in luteal phase and
anestrus, moist in estrus, sticky
mucus in pregnancy.
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12. Clinical Methods
2) Rectal Palpation
At day 21...small swelling…2.4-2.8cm
At day 30………….3-4 cm
At day 40 …………6-7 cm (tennis ball)
By day 60...oval shape…13*9 cm
By day 90……………..23*14 cm
By day 100…fetus as it float in fetal fluid
• Twin conceptuses….up to day 60
• At day 70-100……confuse with
filled urinary bladder
• Day 90-120……inflated large colon
• False positives….by palpation
Pyometra, pseudopregnancy
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14. Ultrasonographic Method
• B – mode ultrasound
• Transrectal or linear probe
• Land mark Urinary bladder (Grayish)
• By Ultrasound …..day 16 pregnancy
• Ideally…..At day 30-35…accurate results
• Frequency mostly….5MHz -7.5 MHz
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21. Ultrasonographic Method
Sex determination
• Genital Tubercle……at or afterward 55 day
• Precursor of penis (in male) or Clitoris (in female)
• Moves from position b/w hind legs to near tail……….Female
• Moves from position to near umbilicus……….Male
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23. Any Question
Thank You
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