ARTS AND CRAFTS OF MINDANAO

1. Arts and Crafts
of Mindanao

2. What’s in?
+MINDANAO
• It is referred to as “The Land of Promise”.
• It is the second largest (after Luzon) in the
Philippines located at the southernmost island in the
Philippine archipelago.
• It produced a unique Filipino artistic tradition as a
result of animism and Islamic religion fused together.

4. Activity 1: LOOP A WORD!
+Find words that you considered as arts and crafts. Words are
either in vertical, horizontal, or diagonal.

5. Lesson 1:
ATTIRE, TEXTILES
AND
TAPESTRIES

6. A. Traditional Clothing of the B’laan
+The Bilaan or B’laan is an ethnolinguistic
group that inhabits some parts of South
Cotabato, North Cotabato and Davao del
Sur. B’laan is a combination of two words,
“bila” that means house and “an” that
means people.
+Takmun – sequin-like capiz shells used to
give s distinct design and color to their
clothes.

7. +Ikat – dyeing fabric from B’laan, Bagobos and
T’bolis where the yarns are tightly wrapped with
string and dyed before weaving. The textiles
usually contain three colors:
✓ Shades of black or brown
✓ Red or darker shades of orange
✓ Ecru (color of undyed abaca)

8. B. Traditional Clothing of the Bagobo and
the T’boli
+The Bagobos are group of people that live in
Davao. “Bago” means new and “obo”
means growth. T’boli or Tagabili to
lowlanders are an animist ethnic group
inhabiting highland areas in southwestern
Mindanao.

9. +T’nalak – is woven from deep brown abaca treated in the ikat process
to obtain intricate design. Only women are allowed to weave this fabric.
✓ Men wear t’nalak shorts undershirt and t’nalak coat
✓ Women wear wrap-around t’nalak skirts and blouses. They also wear
rows of bells around their waists and ankles that produce tinkling sounds
when they walk.
✓ The common colors are red, brown, and black

10. C. The Traditional Clothing of the Maranao
+The word Maranao means “People of the Lake”.
+Malong – is a traditional Filipino tube skirt that is
made of hand-woven or machine-made multicolored
cotton cloth. It can be used in different ways.
+Kapa Malong or Sambisa Malong – is a traditional
dance that demonstrates the various ways of wearing
malong and its uses.

12. D. The Traditional Clothing of the Yakans
Basilan is the home to the Yakans.
+Badjulapi – is a tight blouse with long sleeves
+Pinalantupan – a type of skirt that is layered over
trousers
+Sawal – is the traditional tight-fitting trousers made
of Yakan fabric characterized by its vertical stripes
+Seputangan – square cloth used by Yakans
women as a head cover or as belt.

13. Clothing of the Yakans

14. Lesson 2:
CRAFTS, ACCESSORIES, AND
BODY ORNAMENTS

15. +1. Sarimanok - It is a legendary bird of the
Maranao. It comes from the words “sari” which
means cloth and “manok” which means chicken.
A symbol of good fortune.

16. +2. Orik - It refers to traditional and unique
carving. Its name originated from old
Malayan word which means carve or
“ukit”.

17. 3. Wedding Attire from Yakan
+a. For Male
Pis and Kandit – hand-woven head cloth and 15-meter belt or
sash which serves as protection from spears or knives.
+b. For Female
Short skirt over trousers
+c. Both
Saruk – hat worn to add elegance
+d. Ornaments
Maniktegiyas – a necklace or bracelet of beads from dried fruit
seeds to protect them from illness.

18. 3. Wedding Attire from Yakan

19. Maniksembulan – necklace or bracelets made of
bamboo stems cut into short pieces, they serve as
additional protection.
Pegupaan – bamboo container for chewing betel
nut
Lutuan – A small bronze box with engravings
carried at the waist

20. 4. T’boli Accessories
+a. Hilot – is a heavy brass belt worn by
women during festivals.

21. +b. Suwatlmimotis – is a
wooden comb with colored
glass beads hanging from
it, worn towards the back
of the head.

22. 5. Brass Making
+a. Kulintang – is a
musical instrument
composed of eight
different-sized brass
gongs laid upon a
wooden rack.

23. What I Can Do?
Activity 2: “T’nalak Design”
1. Create a textile pattern that represents an image from
your dream patterned from the T’nalak design.
2. Draw this on a piece of oslo paper using different
colors such as red, white, and black. Once you are
done, discuss your artwork with the group and present
the design as if it is a part of your attire.

24. Assessment
+Directions: Fill each blank with the correct answer. Write your answer
on the blank.
______1. A traditional dance that demonstrates the various
ways of wearing a malong and its uses.
______2. The sacred cloth is exchanged during marriages and
used as a cover during births.
______3. The traditional tight-fitting trousers are made of a
Yakan fabric characterized by its vertical stripes design.
______4. Sequin-like capiz shells used to give a distinct design
and color to their clothes

25. ______5. A most common material used by the
ethnolinguistic groups in Mindanao for weaving cloth.
______6. A process of dyeing the fabric in which the yarns
have been tie-dyed before weaving.
______7. A square cloth was used by the Yakan women as
a head cover or as belt.
______8. The common color tones found in a Bagobo's
t'nalak.
______9. The common color tones found in a t'boli's t'nalak.
______10. They are known as “People of the Lake”.

26. Activity 3: Matching
+Directions: Match Column A with the correct answer in Column B.
Write only the letter of your answer on the blank.
a. Sarimanok b. Kandit
c. Manik tegiyas d. Okir
e. hilot f. Kulintang
g. pegupaan h.Suwatl mimotis
i. Pis and Kandit j. Lutuan

27. ______1. The legendary bird of the Maranao is said to
be a symbol of good fortune.
______2. It came from an old Malayan word that means
carve or "ukit" in Filipino.
______3. It serves as protection from spears and knives
during combat and may be fastened around the trousers.
______4. It is a bamboo container for the paraphernalia
used in chewing betel nut.
______5. A heavy brass belt is commonly worn by T'boli
women during festivals.

28. ______6. A wooden comb with seed beads hanging from it.
It is worn toward the back of the head.
______7. An instrument that consists of a row of small brass
or bronze gongs horizontally laid upon a wooden rack.
______8. A charmed necklace or bracelet made from fruits
and flowers beaded together to protect them from illness.
______9. A small bronze box with engravings carried at the
waist
______10. It is a hand-woven head cloth and 15-meter belt
or sash which serves as protection from spears or knives.

29. Activity 4: Picture Identification!

30. Activity 4: Picture Identification!

31. Lesson 3:
ARCHITECTURE

32. 1. TOROGAN
+It is the ancestral house of the upper-class
Maranao. It is the dwelling place of the datu
along with his wives and children.

33. +The Panolong is a wing-like ornament of a Torogan
flaring out from the beams.

34. 2. BADJAO HOUSES
+The Bajau, also known as Sama-
Bajau, are the "Sea Gypsies" or
nomads of the Sulu Sea. Their
main source of livelihood is fishing
and hunting, thus, most of them
live in boat houses or houses on
stilts around the Sulu archipelago.

35. 3. GRAND MOSQUE OF COTABATO
+The largest mosque in the Philippines, named after Sultan
Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Masjid or also known as the Grand
Mosque, sitting near the idle banks of Tamontaka River was
founded by the Philippine Government.

36. 4. HISTORICAL FORT PILAR
+The historical Fort Pilar, also called Real Fuerza de Nuestra
Senora del Pilar de Zaragoza was founded in 1635 and still
stands strong until today. It was engineered by Fr. Melchor de
Vera, a Jesuit priest. It was built to protect the people from
pirates of the Sulu Sea.

37. 5. MONASTERY OF THE
TRANSFIGURATION OF BUKIDNON
+The pyramid-like structure was designed by the National Artist
for Architecture, Leandro Locsin. It is one of his last designs and
considered as one of his best, aside from the Cultural Center of
the Philippines and Davao International Airport.

38. 6. SANTO ROSARIO CHURCH OF
CAMIGUIN
+The original church was built in 1882 using coral stones,
but the old infrastructures were too weak. It was
retrofitted with steel bars using modern building
techniques.

39. Lesson 4:
SCULPTURES AND
FUNCTIONAL ART

40. Sculptures
+Maitum Jar
An earthenware vessel
for secondary burial from
Sarangani province.
These artifacts were first
discovered in 1991 and
are now in the protection
of the National Museum.

41. Maranao Wood Carving and Metal Casting
+1. Rarub-A-Klong
It is a metallic armor made of
brass plates, carabao horns, and
interlocking ringlets.
2. Kampilan
It is a single-edged steel
sword with a handle made
of hand-carved ivory.

42. +3. Batige
+It is a large manually carved wooden
top inlaid with mother-of-pearl. It is
used by adult males to test their skills
and strength.
4. Kendi
+It is an heirloom teapot or kettle used
for hot water, coffee, or tea.

43. +5.Gador - It is a large brass
jar used as a ceremonial
container for rice and
tobacco.

44. FUNCTIONAL ART
+Balanghay
The balanghai, also known
as balangay or Butuan Boat,
is a large wooden boat used
by the pre- colonial Filipinos
to traverse the seas for trade
or migration.

45. +Vinta
Is traditionally made by the
Badjaos who live in the Sulu
archipelago. The sail represents
the colorful culture and history
of the Muslim people. These
boats are small and not meant
to be used for long ocean travel.
They are used for livelihood
activities.

46. Choices

47. Assessment
+Directions: Read the sentences carefully. Choose the letter of the correct
answer inside the box. Write your answer on the blank.
_________1. The ancestral house of the upper-class
Maranao. It is the dwelling place of the datu along with his
wives and children.
_________2. A vernacular house ornament of the Maranaos
with carvings of serpent, floral and star-and-bud motif.
_________3. The Sultan of Brunei to whom the Grand
Mosque of Cotabato was named.

48. ___________4. The National Artist for Architecture
designed the Monastery of the Transfiguration.
___________5. The fort was built by the Spaniards in
order to protect them from pirates of the Sulu Sea
during the Spanish colonial period.
___________6. This church was originally made of
coral stones and then retrofitted due to its weak
infrastructure.
___________7. The National Museum declared it as
National Cultural Treasure of the Philippines.