This ppt is related about Brucellosis infection, which is a zoonotic disease and it is also an economic important disease of livestock sector.

1. Sero-Prevalence of Brucellosis
in Food Animals
Presented by – Dr. Sameer .S. Sankhe
Department of Veterinary Microbiology
Mumbai Veterinary College, Parel – Mumbai 400012

2. Facts about Brucellosis
 Brucellosis, is an important zoonotic disease after rabies, causes significant
reproductive losses in sexually mature animals and is a major barrier for
the trade sector.
 Although, brucellosis has been controlled or eradicated in many
developed countries; yet it still remains an uncontrolled problem in
regions of high endemicity developing countries of Asia, Europe and
Africa
 The disease burden is more profound in the developing countries due to
lack of effective public health measures, domestic animal health programs
and appropriate diagnostic facilities.

3.  Brucellosis is termed as the major zoonotic disease all over the
globe.
 Brucellosis is considered to be an occupational disease that mainly
affects slaughter-house workers, butchers, livestock producers,
shepherds, farmers, veterinarians, and laboratory technicians.
 Some reports say that, this disease has been imported from
brucellosis-endemic countries into non-endemic areas due to
increase in business and leisure travel

4. Diagnosis of Brucellosis
 The diagnosis of brucellosis is usually performed by a combination
of serological and molecular methods.
 Definitive diagnosis is usually carried out through isolation and
identification of the causative organism, but drawback is that it is
time-consuming, must be performed by highly skilled personnel,
and is hazardous.
 For these reasons, serological tests like RBPT and serum
agglutination test are normally preferred. For confirmation of
findings of RBPT and SAT, ELISA based tests are used.

5.  So basically, this study was carried out in the Punjab province of
Pakistan, by some veterinary researchers.
 This study was mainly aimed at the seroprevalence of brucellosis in
food animals like cattle, buffaloes, sheep goats and camels.
 The present project, therefore was planned to investigate the
seroprevalence of brucellosis in food animals through basic
serological reactions and also through latest tests like i-ELISA
(Indirect ELISA) and c-ELISA (Competitive ELISA).

6. Materials (animals) used in the study
 A total of 2375 food animals including
• Cattle = 475
• Buffaloes = 212
• Sheep = 1306
• Goats = 282
• Camels = 100
of both sexes were selected randomly from different Government farms in
Punjab, Pakistan from December, 2010 to December, 2012.
 About 5ml blood without anticoagulant was collected from above
mentioned different food animals, serum was separated and stored at –
20°C till analysis for serodiagnosis.

7. Sero-diagnosis of samples
 The Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) and serum agglutination test
(SAT) were performed following the procedure described by
Aldomy et al. (2009).
 The i-Elisa (Brucella i-ELISA Antibody Test, Kit # 10-2700-10) and c-
ELISA (Brucella Ab C-ELISA Test, Kit # 10-2701-10) were performed
by following the procedures described by the manufacturers
(Brucellosis commercial ELISA kit manual procured from Svanova,
Sweden).

8. Results
 Overall seroprevalence of brucellosis in different food animals was
12.29% and 4.58% through RBPT and SAT, respectively.
 Initial screening through RBPT showed that highest seroprevalence
was in goats, followed by buffaloes, cattle and sheep.
 Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) results
• Goat – 99/282 = 35.10%
• Buffalo – 27/212 = 12.73%
• Cattle – 49/475 = 10.32%
• Sheep – 117/1306 = 8.95%

9. ELISA results
 Indirect ELISA (i-ELISA) results
• Buffalo – 17/212 = 8.01%
• Goat – 19/282 = 6.73%
• Cattle – 30/475 = 6.31%
• Sheep – 23/1306 = 1.76%

10.  Competitive ELISA (c-ELISA)
• Buffalo – 17/212 = 8.01%
• Cattle – 33/475 = 6.94%
• Goat – 19/282 = 6.73%
• Sheep – 25/1306 = 1.91%

11. Conclusion
 Brucellosis is a highly contagious and zoonotic disease, resulting in
heavy economic losses.
 The prevalence of the disease is associated with species, age, body
weight and parity.
 Brucellosis is more prevalent in buffaloes as compared to the other
food animals and also mature animals are at higher risk as
compared to younger animals.
 However, it is not associated with the sex of the animal.

12. Information about this research study
 Research study was done by - Shafia Tehseen Gul, Ahrar Khan,
Farzana Rizvi and Iftikhar Hussain
 Year of the research started – 2010
 Title of the research study - Sero-Prevalence of Brucellosis in
Food Animals in the Punjab, Pakistan
 Research study published in – Pakistan Veterinary Journal
 Date of publication – 19th June 2014