A short explanation of Architecture of operating system. In this slide i explain about monolithic OS , layer OS, microkernel OS and networked and distributed OS with their architecture.

1. OPERATING SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
Prepared by:
Sabin Dumre
ACE074BCT058

2. • An Operating System (OS) is a software that acts as an interface between
computer hardware components and the user.
• Controls the execution of all kind of program.
• To communicate with the computer without knowing the computer language.
• Performs all the basic tasks like file management , memory management,
process management, handling input and output and controlling peripheral
devices like printers and drives .
• Popular Operating system are linux, windows, ios, Android etc…

3. Architecture of operating system

4. Architecture of operating system
Monolithic Operating System
Layered Operating System
Microkernel Operating system
Networked and Distributed Operating System

5. Monolithic Operating System
• In early monolithic systems, each component of the operating system was
contained within the kernel.
• could communicate directly with any other component, and had unrestricted
system access.
• The Monolithic application describes a
single-tiered software application in which
different components combined into a single
program from a single platform.

7. Layered Operating System
• Layered Structure is a type of system structure in which the different services
of the operating system are split into various layers, where each layer has a
specific well-defined task to perform.
• It was created to improve the pre-existing structures like the Monolithic
structure and the Simple structure.
• The outermost layer must be the User Interface layer.
• The innermost layer must be the Hardware layer.

8. A particular layer can access all the layers present below it but it cannot access
the layers present above it. That is layer n-1 can access all the layers from n-2 to
0 but it cannot access the nth layer.
Thus if the user layer wants to interact with the hardware layer, the response
will be traveled through all the layers from n-1 to 1. Each layer must be
designed and implemented such that it will need only the services provided by
the layers below it.
Advantages
• Easy to implement
• Easy to debug
Disadvantages
• Designing layers structure
• Not very efficient

10. Microkernel Operating system
• In a microkernel operating system, the kernel is small and only contains
memory management, inter-process communication and CPU scheduling.
• Microkernels are highly modular, making them extensible, portable and
scalable.
• If any module falls others are unaffected
• Interaction between funcation is slower.
• Adding new source is very simple
• Easy to manage and debug.

12. Networked and Distributed Operating System
Networked Operating System
• In network operating system each node or
system can have its own operating system
• Communication takes place on the basis of
files.
• fault tolerance is less.
• Ease implementation
• Network OS provides local services to remote
clients.
Distributed Operating System
• Each node or system have same operating
system which is opposite to the network
operating system.
• Communication takes place on the basis of
messages and shared memory.
• fault tolerance is high.
• Quite difficult to implementation
• Distributed OS manages the hardware
resources.

13. Networked Operating System Distributed Operating System