This was presented to represent Bangladesh Economic Development at ZSTU China.

1. DEVELOPMENT OF
BANGLADESH
PRESENTED BY
SAIFUL REZA SIDDIQUEE
MD GOLAM FAHAD
NAYEMA NASRIN
SHAHEDA AKTER

2. 1972 in Bangladesh
The year 1972 was the first year after the independence of Bangladesh. It was also the
first year of the first post-independence government in Bangladesh.
Sheikh Mujib returns, becomes prime minister. He begins a program of nationalizing key
industries in an attempt to improve living standards, but with little success.

3. Bangladesh in 2018
Tomorrow's Bangladesh is already here. Achievements and progress in all fields—from
manufacturing to cricket, and from architectural excellence to social indicators—open up new
prospects and promises for Bangladesh. PricewaterhouseCoopers, in its global economic projection
for 2050, estimates that Bangladesh can potentially become the world's 28th largest economy by
2030, surpassing countries like Australia, Spain, South Africa, and Malaysia in economic growth.
Developing Bangladesh: A new identity
Bangladesh is finally going to be recognized as a developing country – economically and socially – in
March, 2018, crossing over from the list of least developing countries (LDCs). Bangladesh has
achieved all the three conditions that were needed to be a developing country. However, the
announcement will be effective in 2024 – after being assessed by the United Nations Economic and
Social Council. The council will make the announcement by considering three aspects of the country
– economic risk, human development, and per capita income. In the meantime, Bangladesh has to
maintain its progress.

4. Bangladesh GDP Growth Rate
The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Bangladesh expanded 7.11 percent in 2016 from the previous
year. This indicator has been discontinued and replaced by Bangladesh GDP Annual Growth Rate.
GDP Growth Rate in Bangladesh averaged 5.69 percent from 1994 until 2016, reaching an all time
high of 7.11 percent in 2016 and a record low of 4.08 percent in 1994.

5. Bangladesh Remittances
Remittances in Bangladesh increased to 1239.11 USD Million in October from 1139.66 USD Million
in September of 2018. Remittances in Bangladesh averaged 1201.66 USD Million from 2012 until
2018, reaching an all time high of 1504.98 USD Million in May of 2018 and a record low of 856.87
USD Million in September of 2017.

6. Bangladesh Exports
Exports in Bangladesh decreased to 215.30 BDT Billion in August from 265 BDT Billion in July of
2018. Exports in Bangladesh averaged 44.66 BDT Billion from 1972 until 2018, reaching an all time
high of 265 BDT Billion in July of 2018 and a record low of 0.05 BDT Billion in February of 1972.
• Textiles, Garments Leather &
Leather Goods,
• Pharmaceuticals and other
• Chemical products,
• Ceramic Products,
• Bicycle,
• Jute and Jute Goods,
• IT,
• Agricultural Products,
• Frozen Food (Fish and
Seafood)

7. RMG (Ready Made Garments)
In 1972, the World Bank approximated the gross domestic product (GDP) of Bangladesh at USD 6.29
billion and it grew to USD 173.82 billion by 2014, with USD 31.2 billion of that generated by exports,
82% of which was ready-made garments. As of 2016 Bangladesh held the 2nd place in producing
garments just after China. Bangladesh is the world's second-largest apparel exporter of western
(fast) fashion brands. Sixty percent of the export contracts of western brands are with European
buyers and about forty percent with American buyers.
Bangladesh Trade: Export Partners
• The following were Bangladesh’s export partners
• United States: 24%
• Germany: 15.3%
• United Kingdom: 10%
• France: 7.4%
• The Netherlands: 5.5%
• Italy: 4.5%
• Spain: 4.2%

8. Poverty in Bangladesh has declined remarkably since the early-2000s, as result decades of
accelerated economic growth. The remarkable progress in poverty alleviation has been recognized
by international institutions.[1] According to the World Bank, Bangladesh's poverty rate fell from
82% in 1972, to 18.5% in 2010, to 13.8% in 2016, and below 9% in 2018,as measured by the
percentage of people living below the international extreme poverty line.[2] Based on the current
rate of poverty reduction, Bangladesh is projected to eliminate extreme poverty by 2021, first
nation in South Asia to do so.
Poverty in Bangladesh

9. Gender inequality in Bangladesh
Gender inequality has been improving a lot in Bangladesh, inequalities in areas such as education
and employment remain ongoing problems but women have great political freedom. In 2015,
Bangladesh was ranked 139 out of 187 countries on the Human Development Index[1] and 47 out
144 countries surveyed on the Gender Inequality Index in 2017. Many of the inequalities are result
of extreme poverty and traditional gender norms centered on a patrilineal and patriarchal kinship
system[2] in rural areas.

10. Education in Bangladesh
Education in Bangladesh' is overseen by the Bangladesh's Ministry of Education. Ministry of Primary
and Mass Education are responsible for implementing policy for primary education and state-
funded schools at a local level. In Bangladesh, all citizens must undertake twelve years of
compulsory education which consists of eight years at primary school level and six years at high
school level. Primary and secondary education is financed by the state and free of charge in public
schools.
The main education system is divided into three levels:
• Primary Level (Class 1–5)
• Secondary Level (6-10) or (9-12 at some schools) or (11-12 at some college) There is no middle
school system in Bangladesh.
• Tertiary Level (At the tertiary level, universities are regulated by the University Grants
Commission)

11. UNESCO: Bangladesh literacy rate reaches all-
time high of 72.76% in 2016
The literacy rate in Bangladesh has risen remarkably over the past decade to an all-time high of
72.76% in 2016, according to data from the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). The figure marks
an increase of 26.1 percentage points from 2007, when the literacy rate was a mere 46.66%. Over
the same period, the literacy rate for females has risen from 43.74% to 69.90%, and for males from
49.83% to 75.62%. The literacy rate for men and women aged between 15 to 24 years increased to
92.24% in 2016, up from 61.87% in 2007.

12. Bangladesh UN Peacekeeping Force
Its first deployments came in 1988, when it participated in two operations
UNIIMOG in Iraq and UNTAG in Namibia.[1] The then military dictator and President-elect of
Bangladesh, Lieutenant General Hussain Muhammad Ershad initiated these deployments in 1988
for the first time with UNIIMOG with 15 military observers.
Presently from Bangladesh Army, Navy and Air Force are deployed in 11 ongoing UNPKOs in 5
countries where in UN peacekeepers total 6089. Within that more than 4900 personnel from
Bangladesh Army are now deployed in various contingents or as Staff Officers/Military Observers in
13 peacekeeping missions. Bangladesh Navy has its ships and water crafts deployed in UNMISS
(South Sudan). The Air Force has its helicopters and fixed wing aircraft in MONUSCO (DR Congo) and
MINUSTAH (Haiti). A good number of officers from Bangladesh Armed Forces are also working in
UNDPKO as well.

14. Bangabandhu Satellite-1
The Bangabandhu Satellite-1 is the first Bangladeshi geostationary communications and
Broadcasting Satellite. It was manufactured by Thales Alenia Space and launched on 11 May
2018.[1] The project is being implemented by Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory
Commission (BTRC) working hand-in-hand with US based Space Partnership International, LLC. and
was the first payload launched by a Falcon 9 Block 5 rocket of SpaceX.
Bangladesh Government formed a Government owned Bangladesh Communication Satellite
Company Limited, BCSCL with the aim to operate the Bangabandhu Satellite-1.[4]
Bangabandhu-1 launched from Kennedy Space Center on Merritt Island, Florida, USA and utilizes
ground control stations built by Thales Alenia Space with its partner Spectra Primary Ground Station
in Gazipur, Dhaka and Secondary Ground Station at Betbunia, Rangamati. The satellite is based on
the highly secured and reliable Spacebus-4000B2 platform and currently located at longitude
119.09°E.

15. Bangabandhu Satellite-1 has a primary service area encompassing Bangladesh and the surrounding
region. The satellite will offer Ku-band coverage over Bangladesh and its territorial waters in the Bay
of Bengal, as well as India, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, the Philippines, and Indonesia. It will also
provide Cband capacity for the entire region.

16. Mega projects and our hopes and concerns
Recently, two facts drew our attention in the context of our overall national economic
development—the first one is that our growth rate is now well over 7 percent and is one of the
highest in the world at present. The second one is that Bangladesh has fulfilled all the conditions to
come out of LDC status. And these developments are happening even without the contribution of
the so called mega projects. Mega project has been a much hyped phrase for the last few years. This
is so because the people of Bangladesh are seeing the present government undertaking different
development projects that cost large amounts of money. A few examples of such projects are The
Padma Multipurpose Bridge (Tk 30,000 cr.), Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant (Tk 101,000 cr.),
Karnaphuli Tunnel (Tk 5600 cr.), Matarbari Power Plant (Tk 50,000 cr.), Rampal Power Station (Tk
16,000 cr.), Payra Power Plant (Tk 16,000 cr.), Dhaka Metro Rail Project (Tk 22,000 cr.), Payra Deep
Sea Port (Tk 160,000 cr.) etc. Another notable project is the Bangabandhu Satellite-1 (Tk 2000 cr.). It
may be observed that most of the projects mentioned above fall into either the development of the
energy sector or the transportation sector. Of these, only the Padma Bridge is being fully funded by
the Bangladesh Government. For all of the remaining projects, the government is relying mostly on
foreign aid or loan. Japan, Russia, China and India are the primary sources of funds for the projects.

17. Mega project activities in Bangladesh

18. Sustainable Development Goals of
Bangladesh... Vision 2041
• No Poverty
• Zero Hunger
• Gender Equality
• Clean Water and Sanitation
• Affordable and Clean Energy
• Decent Work and Economic
Growth
• Industry, Innovation, and
Infrastructure
• Reduced Inequalities
• Sustainable Cities and
Communities
• Climate Action
• Life Below Water
• Life on Land
• Peace, Justice and Strong
Institutions
• Partnerships for the Goals
Bangladesh is a developing country. It is being developed gradually. For its gradual development,
the government has fixed some visions. Vision 2041 is one of them.
Bangladesh is confident to set the example of a leading Sustainable Development Goal achiever.

20. THANK YOU