Joju

1. INTRODUCTION
The contemporarysociety,the fastdevelopmentof the informationcommunicationtechnologies
and the dynamicsof the Internetuse,have naturallyimposedrevolutionarychangesinall the
spheresof the society,includingthe systemof educationandteaching.The developmentof the
Internethascreatednewwaysforeducatorsto communicate withlearners.ManyHigher-Education
institutionshave adoptedthe use of virtual learningenvironmentsandincorporate e-learninginto
theirtraditional teachingmechanismsaspart of a blended-learningapproach. Teachingmaterials
comprisingvisual,audio,audio-visualandmultimediacontentscanbe highlyefficientlyusedine
learningprocess.Withthe developmentof informationtechnologies,multimediacontentsbecome
accessible viamobileelectronicdevicessuchasPDA devices,mobiletelephonesof the new
generation,aswell asMP3-5 players.All of these devicescanbe efficientlyusedwithine - learning
systems,andtheyrequire specificapproachinthe creationanddistributionof teachingmaterials.
The developmentof the Internethascreatednew waysforeducatorstocommunicate withlearners.
Many HigherEducationinstitutionshave adoptedthe use of virtual learningenvironmentsand
incorporate e - learningintotheirtraditional teachingmechanismsaspartof a blendedlearning
approach.
The newandveryuseful technologysuitable forcreatingeducational materialsadoptedformobile
devicesande – learningplatformsispodcast/pod-casting.The papercontemplatesthe possibilities
of implementingpodcasttechnologiessuitable forcreatingdynamicandinteractiveteachinginputs.
The study analyzesthe use of pod-castingwithineducationaswell asproposesstrategiesfor
developingpodcasttosupportstudentlearning.
E learningisa wide concept,typicallyreferringtothe use computersandinformationsystemsinthe
processof learningandeducation.The choice of the communicationmedia,teachingresourcesand
communicationchannels,are all dependentonthe teachingcontent,the choice of the teaching
methodsandthe nature and featuresof the technical medium.Comparedwithtraditionallectures,
e learninghasthe advantage of allowinglearnerstochoose (withinconstraints) when,where,and
howtheystudy.It alsoallowslearnerstoreview material andgainfeedback.[4] Mobile learning
(m-learning) inheritsthese advantagesfrome-learning,butextendstheirreachbymakinguse of
portable (handheld) wirelesstechnologies.Suitabledevicesincludedigitalmediaplayers(e.g.i
Pods,MP3 players),smartphones(e.g.Blackberry,i Phone),andPersonal Digital AssistantsorPDA s
(e.g. Palm,PocketPC).Withthe proliferationof iPodsandeasilysharedvideothroughwebsitessuch
as YouTube,learnersare alsogainingdigital fluencyinaudioandvideomediaformatswhichare
slowlybeginningtocreepintohighereducationthroughtechnologiessuchaspodcasting.
Podcastingisa methodfordistributingdigital videoandaudiocontentsoverthe internet.Eachof
these digital filesiscalledapodcastorepisode,andapodcastingservice usuallypostsregularly-
producedseriesof episodes.Eachseriesisaccompaniedbyaspecial file,the so-calledfeedthat
describesthe contentsof the podcastingservice,andallowsuserstosubscribe tothe seriesand
automaticallyreceive new episodes. The material isdelivereddirectlyfromthe source Internet

2. locationtothe device,ratherthanrequiringthe learnertoseekitoutand downloadit.Withinan
educational context,podcastingoffersinnovative andcreative opportunitiesforacademicsto
furthersupportlearning.The followingchapterswill deal withthe podcasts(of audioandvideo
technology) asthe educational multimediatechnologiesthatare generallyavailableandhighly
useful inmoderneducational practices
DEFINITON OF PODCAST- is an audio or visual content that is automatically
delivered over a network via free subscription. Once subscribedto,podcastscan be
regularlydistributedover
the Internetorwithinyourschool’snetworkandaccessedwithaniPod,orany portable MP3 player,
laptop,or desktopcomputer.Podcastswere originallyaudio-onlybutmaynow containstill images,
video,andchaptersidentifyingmajorsectionsorideas.A podcastingisamethodfordistributingany
digital mediafile (podcast),orseriesof files,overthe Internetforplaybackonportable media
players,suchas iPods,andpersonal computers.PodcastingstandsforPortable OnDemand
Broadcasting.The podcastingprocessbeginswiththe creationof contentthroughthe use of audio
capturingand editingtools.The subscriptionprocessof podcastingreliesonthe use of ReallySimple
Syndication(RSS) technologies.The contentprovideracknowledgesthe existence of the createdfile
by referencingitinan RSSenabledwebsite.The feedliststhe locationsof all episodesof a
podcast,includingepisodepublishdates,titles,andaccompanyingtextdescriptions.A user
subscribestoa podcastby enteringthe permanentfeedlocationintoanaggregatorprogramthat
readsRSS, suchas Apple iTunes.Once subscribed,new podcastepisodesare automaticallydelivered
to the user’scomputer.The downloadedepisodescanthenbe played,replayed,orarchivedaswith
any othercomputerfile.AccordingtoLimpod-castinginvolves“the authoringof,andsubscription
to, audioand/orvideofilesonthe internetfordownloadingtothe user’spersonal computer”.
Furthermore,pod-casting“enablesuserstoquickly andeasilydownloadmultimediafiles,including
audioand video,forplaybackonmobile devices”. Kaplan– Leisersondefine pod-castingasan
Internetbasedservice thatallowssubscriptionanddownloadingof digital audiocontents(podcasts)
by the means of the RSStechnology,wherebythesecontentsare transferredintoanon-line
repositoryorto a correspondingbase inthe computer,inthe formof a data file.These canbe
accessedthroughdifferentdigitalaudiodevices,includingdesktopcomputers. Furthermore,Meng
definespod-castingas‘‘the processof capturinganaudioevent,song,speech,ormix of soundsand
thenpostingthatdigital soundobjecttoa website or blogina data structure calledanRSS 2.0
envelope(orfeed).Usingspecializednewsreaders,userscansubscribe toawebpage containing
RSS 2.0 taggedaudiofilesondesignatedwebpagesandautomaticallydownloadthese filesdirectly
intoan audiomanagementprogramontheirpersonal computer.Whenausersynchronizestheir
portable audiodevice withtheirpersonalcomputer,the pod-castsare automaticallytransferredto
that device tobe listenedtoatthe time and locationmostconvenientforthe user”.
Fernandezemphasizesthatthere are three differenttypesof podcast:
Firstly,a basicpodcastcontainsonlyaudiocontentandis the easiesttocreate and listento
Secondly,anenhancedpodcasthasbothaudioand videoslides.The enhancedpodcastis
similartotraditional pod-casts;however,thiskindof podcastcontainsmultimediainformation,such
as slides,pictures,images,photographs,shortvideos,andchaptersthathelpuserstoincrease their

3. perceptionaboutthe topic. The lastone is a vodcast(or videopodcast) podcastwhichcontainsthe
bothvideoandaudiofiles.
Pod-casting process
File production,podcastpublication,anddeliveryandplaybackare three general categoriesof
activitiesandequipmentinvolvedinpod-casting.Fileproductionincludesplanning,writing,and
recordingcontent,aswell asaudio/videoeditingandfilecompression.Productionrequires
recordinghardware,like digital microphonesanddigital cameras,andsoftware foreditingaudio
and/orvideosegments.Inadditiontothe relevantaudio/videofiles,the creatormustgenerate an
RSS feed.A feedisasimple XMLfile thatliststhe locationof podcastepisodes.Italsoincludes
informationaboutthe podcast,suchas publishdates,titles,anddescriptionsof the seriesandof
each episode.
The audio/videofile andRSSfeedare then postedtoa Web server.Forthe firstpodcastin a series,
and forongoingseriesthatare alwaysopento new subscribers,the podcastcreatormustnotifythe
audience of the existence of the podcastbypublicizingthe locationof the RSSfeed.The listeneris
able to subscribe tothe podcastseriesusingapodcast aggregator(software thatcheckspodcast
feedsforupdatesatspecifiedintervals).
Whenthe listeneraddsanewRSS feed,the aggregatordownloadsall episodesreferencedinthe
currentRSS feed.Atregularintervalsthereafter,the aggregatorchecksthe feedforupdatesand
downloadsanyepisodesaddedsince the previouscheck.Listenerscanaccesspodcastsdirectlyon
theircomputers,oron theirportable MP3/videodevice.Forthose whoprefertolistenonportable
devices,mostpodcastaggregatorswill synchronizewithportabledevicesautomatically.
Pod-casting software andhardware
There are manyuseful toolsandsoftware available touse withpod-casting.The podcastsoftware
and toolscan be usedto create podcast,editpodcast,and deliverpodcasttoendusers.
Basic Hardware components for pod-casting are: A PC RunningWindowsXPora Mac Running
OS 9 or X 512 MB of RAM 2-3 GB of Free Hard Drive Space Soundcard Mic Inputand Headphone
Outputon Your Computer HeadphonesorHeadsetOptional:MP3Player
Optional:PopFilter(A popfilterisascreenthat blocksorfiltersthe poppingsoundsthatare made
whenyousay letterslike 'p'whenyouspeakintoamicrophone). Basicsoftware componentsare:
AudioRecorder& Editor– Audacity Audacityisfree,opensource,cross-platformsoftwarefor
recordingandeditingsounds.Audacitycanbe usedtorecordpodcast,and it can alsobe usedfor
recordingandeditingsoundtrackswhichyoumightuse withananimation,amovie,ora slide show.
MP3 Encoder:LAME or iTunes Once youcreate your podcast,youneedto convertitto MP3 format

4. before youupload itto the internet.LAMEisa programthat workswithAudacitytoconvert your
audioto MP3. You can alsouse iTunestoconvertyour audiotoMP3. Media Player:WindowsMedia
Player& iTunes File Transfer:SmartFTP(foruploadingyouraudiofiles) Once you’ve recorded
your audioandconverteditto MP3, thenyou needtouploaditto the internet.Forthisyou’ll needa
file transferprogramsuchas Smart FTP.Smart FTP iswhat I use.It’sfree forpersonal,educational
and non-profituse.
PODCASTIN EDUCATION - Educational use of podcast
Pod-castingcanofferaninnovative waytosupportlearning.Podcastcanbe usedto provide
introductorymaterial beforelectures,or,more commonly,torecordlecturesandallow studentsto
listentothe lecturesagain,eitherbecausetheywere unable to attend,ortoreinforce theirlearning.
Moreoverpodcastcan be presentationsof learningmaterial bylecturers.
There are three differentwaysof educationaluse of pod-casts: unconstitutional use,
supplementary use and creative use.
At a most basiclevel pod-castingcanbe usedasa substitute tothe traditional lecture where
studentscanaccess an entire recordingof the lecture.Whilethere iseducational value inproviding
recordingsof lecturesforthe purposesof revisionandreview,if usedexclusivelyasasubstitute for
traditional lectures,suchuse mayfurtherreinforce studentsaspassive recipientsof information.
Pod-castingcanalsobe usedto provide supplementarymaterial toassistlearning.Supplementary
material canbe intwo verydifferentforms.The first,andmostcommonform, istheiruse in
providingsummariesorsynthesesof course material.Aswell asprovidingrevisionandsummary
material,supplementarymaterialcanalsobe inthe formof additional material whichmaybroaden
or deepenthe student’sunderstanding.
The final and leastfrequentlymentioneduse of pod-castsineducation,iswhatcouldbe described
as creative use,where studentsbecome more engagedinthe learningthroughconstructing
knowledge ratherthansimplyreceivingit.Studentscancreate theirownpodcastto share their
learningexperienceswitheachotherandalsowithotherstudentsfromotherschools.The studentis
requiredtohave a deeplevel of knowledge of the subjectmatterif theyare to successfullyconstruct
a suitable podcast,andtherefore thistype of useschallengesthe studenttocriticallyexamine the
material theyhave beenexposedtopreviously.Thistype of use canalsodevelopstudents’ICTskills
throughthe creationand manipulationof digital media.Whenprovidedasagroup task,other
importantsocial skills,suchasthe student’sabilitytocollaborate andparticipate effectivelyina

5. group,can be developed. [15] Furthermore creatingpodcastallowsstudentstodevelopskillssuch
as researching,writing,speakingeffectively,solvingproblems,managingtime,grabbingattention
and improvingtheirvocabulary.
Educational Pod-castingcanbe usedtoextendclasstime,providereview activities,recordstudent
work,and muchmore.Pod-castingcouldbe veryuseful teachingtool because itprovide: - The
abilitytolistentoa lecture multiple times,Studentscanalsostopthe lecture,“rewind”toaprevious
part, and start again. Increasedinteractionwiththe instructorInsteadof focusingonnote taking
duringclass,studentswouldhave takennotesduringthe podcast(before the class) andwill be ready
to participate inthe in-classactivity. - Supplementtotraditional classnotes Wheninstructorspost
in-classlecturesshortlyafterclasstime studentscangoback overthe lecture at home andfill in
pointsthattheymissedintheirwrittennotes , Portability/Multitasking Studentwill be able to
listentolecture atany time or place whentheydownloadpodcasttotheirpersonal mediaplayer. -
Multitasking Studentscan listentolectureswhile doingothertaskssuchdriving,exercising,or
walkingbetweenclasses. - Benefittoauditorylearners Online (distance education)studentswho
learnbestbyhearingmay learncourse contentmore quicklywhentheylistentoyourpodcastrather
than whentheyreadyourlecture content. Audioand videopodcastscan“provide studentswith
the abilitytolearnon demandbasedontheirownlearningstyles”andcan alsoprovide a
mechanismthatmotivatesstudentsto“activelyengage inthe course content”[7]
Strategiesforgoodeducational podcast
For pod-castingtobe effectiveinstudentlearningitisimportantthata numberof strategiesare
considered. Itisimportanttoengage the listenerwiththe material includedaspartof the podcast.
speechneedstoincorporate examplesandsubjectsof interesttothe listenerandthat theycan
relate to a goodpodcast has a clearstructure withan introductionoutliningthe content,the
presentersandthe aimsfollowedbythe mainsection.The conclusionshouldhighlightthe key
pointsandintroduce the mainaimof the nextpodcastinthe series.The beginningof the podcast
shouldbe longerbutlessin-depth.The pod-caststookastandardformat:firstlyintroducingthe
topicand contentof the material onthe podcast;secondly,brieflyexplainingthe significance of
understandingthe particularsubjectmatter;thirdly,movingontothe more complextheoretical
material;andfinallysummarizingthe keyissues .The use of visualsembeddedwithinthe podcast
alsoenablesthe recipientstofurtherunderstandthe subjectmatter.The use of ‘thinkingpauses’in
the podcast where the tutorasksthe studenttostopand thinkabouta particularpoint,enables
studentstoreflectonthe subjectmatterbeingbroadcast . The use of questionsplacedatthe endof
the podcast,whichstudentscananswerinpreparationforthe nexttaught session,alsoactsasa
meansof developingreflective andcritical thinkingskills. Teachershave todetermine their
educational aimandpurpose foreachpodcast theycreate itsbetterif teachersproduce theirpod-
casts ina personal andinformal way Teachershave toexplaintheircontentsthroughinterviews,
dialoguesormonologue A talk/radiomonologue,requiresvarietyinthe pitchandinclinationof the
speaker.The listenershouldgetthe sense thattheyare beingspokentodirectly.The dialogue
formatcan involve twoormore presentersinadiscussionwhichoffersthe listenervarietycompared
to the single speaker.The interview takesthe formof questionandanswerandoffersthe

6. opportunitytotalkto an expertinyourarea of studyor allow studentstoquestioneachotherona
particularissue.Withanyof these formatsitis helpful tohave anoutline scripttoguide the
participants,whichmayavoidlarge amountsof editingatthe end.
USEFULWEB LOCATIONSFORSELECTINGEDUCATIONAL PODCASTS The Internetoffersalarge
numberof Websiteswithqualitypodcastsinthe domainof learningandeducation.Inorderto
provide guidelinesforfurtherresearch,several importantWebaddressesandWebsitesare given
here . These can be successfullyusedbyteachersintheirteachingactivities,aswell astoprovide
assistance andsupportto studentsintheiracquisitionof the teachingcontents. The
http://www.podcast.com/Website offersacollectionof podcastsinthe areaof education,music,
technologyandentertainment. A large choice of podcastsisofferedbythe online podcastservice
PodOmatic(http://www.podomatic.com/login),whichatthe same time offersapossibilitytodesign
and create one’sownon-line podcasts. LearnOutLoud.com(www.learnoutloud.com/) isadirectory
where userscanfindvideosequencesandaudiofilesprovidingexplanationsregardingthe use of
podcastsineducation. NASA Science Casts:These videopodcastsare short,fun,andbringunusual
science topicstolight.Podcastsare basedon historical space missionscompletedbyNASA. ISTE:The
International SocietyforTechnologyEducationisatrustedsource for podcastson how technologyis
changingthe classroom.Podcastscover varioustopicsfrombloggingtomobile learning. EdTechTalk:
Thispodcast iscalledTeachersTeachingTeachersandisa collaborative effort.Teachersdiscussnew
software andtoolstheyare successfullyusinginthe classroom. The ARTSRoundtable:Thispodcast
isa fantasticresource forteachersinthe fine arts.The focus ison music,drama,and the visual arts.
Educate:This website offersalarge database of podcastsforall subjectareasand disciplines.They
are specificallydesignedforclassroomandstudentuse.The database makesiteasytosearchby
topicor theme. TeacherCreatedMaterials:Podcastsforeducatorslookingfornew strategiestouse
inthe classroom.Podcastsare arrangedby topicand coverall subjectareas. TeacherCast: Podcasts
that explore currentlearningtrendsandresources. CONCLUSIONPodcastscanbe very
successfullyusedinlearningprocessassupportforlearnersandtheiracquisitionof the teaching
contents.Withthe helpof podcasts,itis possible todeliverasuccessful presentationof materialsfor
independentlearning,distributelecturesdeliveredbyforeignprofessorsandexpertsincertain
areas,as well asto enrichpresentationsandmaterialsthatare postedwithinthe learningsystem.
The use of podcastsin educationcontributestodiversificationof the teachingmaterialsthatare
presentedbasedonthe use of textandpictures,whichhasa positive effectonincreasingmotivation
and encouragingthe students’attentionandinterestintheirengagementandlearning.Byactivating
theirauditoryattentionandassimilatingthe learningcontentsinthismanner,the studentsare
providedwithawelcome opportunitynottolearnbyreadingtextsthatare onlyoccasionallyaided
withdrawingsandpictures.Instructorswhorecordanddistribute theirlecturesviapodcasting
provide theirstudentswithaudio/videomaterialsthatcanbe easilydownloadedonanautomatic
and regularbasis.Similartomanyothereducational technologiesinthe past,the ultimate use of
podcastinganditsinfluence onthe traditional lecture maynotbe determinedbythe potential
Of the technology,butratherbythe way inwhichitis usedbyboth teachersandstudents.Podcast
implementineducationalprocessshouldcontributetoachievingthe aimsandoutcomesof
education.

7. REFERENCE
.rajiccac@gmail.com-eLearing