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Nutrition in a global perspective: a nutrition SDG, what does it entail?
This document discusses nutrition and sustainable development. It presents nutrition as both an outcome of poverty and development efforts, as well as a means to sustainable development. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) recognize the importance of nutrition to health, agriculture, consumption and production patterns. Research from Bangladesh and Ethiopia show the benefits of maternal nutrition interventions and community-based management of severe acute malnutrition. A study in Nicaragua found high consumption of unhealthy foods among young children as the country undergoes nutrition transition. Achieving a nutrition SDG requires specific nutrition interventions as well as interventions across other sectors to positively impact nutrition.
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Nutrition in a global perspective: a nutrition SDG, what does it entail?
- 1. Nutrition & Sustainable Development Eva-CharlotteEkström Professor Global Nutrition Internationell mödra- och barnhälsovård Kvinnor och Barns Hälsa Uppsala University SIANI ANNUAL MEETING 2015: Moving forward, networking towards sustainable development goals
- 2. Perspective on nutrition? •Food • Cooking • Eating
- 3. Nutrition as anoutcome • Of poverty in the 80’s UndernutritionPoverty
- 4. Nutrition as anoutcome • Of poverty in the 80’s • Structural adjustment UndernutritionPoverty
- 5. Nutrition as anoutcome • Of poverty in the 80’s • Structural adjustment UndernutritionPoverty UNICEF 1987
- 6. Nutrition as anoutcome • Of poverty in the 80’s • Structural adjustment • Nutrition interventions UndernutritionPoverty UNICEF 1987
- 7. Nutrition as anoutcome • Of poverty in the 80’s • Structural adjustment • Nutrition interventions • Of development (MDG 1) UndernutritionPoverty UNICEF 1987
- 8. Nutrition as means •Human Right • Sustainable development
- 9. SDG 2 End hunger,achieve food security and improved nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture - Progress on WHA nutrition targets, stunting and wasting promotes nutrition security - A well-nourished workforce supports productive agriculture NUTRITION Sustainable Development goals - Sustainable agriculture supports appropriate diet, income and resource use P Webb UNSCN 2014
- 10. Investment in nutritionpays off Horton et al 2014 Copenhagen consensus
- 11. SDG 3 Ensure healthylives and promote well-being at all ages - Good nutrition reduces the risk of sickness and mortality NUTRITION Sustainable Development goals - Enhancing health in pregnancy and early life support child growth while reducing risk of NCD later in life P Webb UNSCN 2014
- 12. SDG 12 Ensure sustainableconsumption and production patterns - Falling poverty and improved nutrition raises demands for higher quality and more diverse diets - Change of dietary patterns i well off settings will reduce greenhouse gas emission (and reduce the risk of NCDs) NUTRITION Sustainable Development goals - Product diversity and more productivity supports diet diversity and food quantity P Webb UNSCN 2014
- 13. Life-cycle emission ofGHG for different foods Tilman 2014 Nature
- 14. MINIMat Maternal and InfantNutrition Interventions, Matlab Aim to improve • maternal nutrition • newborn nutrition • pre-schooler’s nutrition • pre-puberty nutrition Maternal interventions (RCT n=4436) • Food (govn prog) – Usual (stand) – Early • Micronutrients – Fe60F (stand) – Fe30F – MMS Bangladesh
- 15. Maternal and newbornnutrition Mothers • Height 150 cm (123-169) • Weight 45 kg (25-90) • 27% malnourished Newborn • Birthweight 2694 g • 31% <2500g • No difference between – Type of micronutrients – Early or usual timing food supplement
- 16. Infant mortality Infant mortality/1000born 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Early food Usual food Fe60F MMS Fe30F 62% reduction! Combination of Early food supplement and ”multi” supplement reduced infant mortality 62% Persson LA et al. JAMA 2012;307:2050-2059
- 17. Mortality, stunting andmetabolic risk markers at 5y Early food – Blood lipids favourable – Stunting favourable MMS – Stunting unfavourable Early food + MMS - 66% reduction in mortality Bangladesh Khan 2001; Ekström ms
- 18. Role of healthsystem and women’s caring capacity in Community based management of Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) Research question • Can children with SAM be treated successfully at home? • Ready-to-use-therapeutic food ”plumpy nut” Design • Qualitative study • HEW • Community Volounters • SAM caregivers • Quantitative study • SAM cohort (n≈1100) • Population survey (n≈4000) Health extension workers Feb 2011 ACIPH Ethiopia
- 19. Findings qualitative study Somequotes by • Community Volounters • SAM caregivers ACIPH Ethiopia Balla 2015 Health Policy & Planning (forthcoming)
- 20. Young child dietand nutrition in a society undergoing nutrition transition. Design • Survey 1500 mother child pair • DHS system in rural Nicaragua • Assessed infant and child feeding • Good practices • Exclusive breastfeeding • Diet diversity, meal frequency • Bad practices • Sugar-sweet beverage • Highly processed snacks Nicaragua
- 21. The diet (24h) Howcan imported ”junk food” be more accessable than locally produced foods? Nicaragua Contreras 2014 9-11 m infants • 19% vit A rich fruit/veg • 41% min acceptable diet • 34% sugar-sweet beverage • 42% highly processed snacks Nicaragua
- 22. A nutrition SDG,what does it entail? Actions!
- 23. A nutrition SDG,what does it entail? Action! - Nutrition specific interventions - Nutrition sensitive interventions
- 25. A nutrition SDG,what does it entail?
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Editor's Notes
- #2 Thanks for siani for inviting me Happy to be here and get a chance to increase collaboratio What nutrition Nutrition and SDG If time permits, my research
- #3 What is nutrition Everyday view of for all of us, it is first image that appear for many of us when the word nutrition is mentioned, Not all are fortunate to see this happy picture
- #4 But nutrition is much more In the 80s various crisis Poverty and disaster caused undernutrition
- #5 Poverty was regarded as root cause of the problem Many countries tried to solve the problem by macro economic adjustment
- #6 Unfortunately the adjustment often had negative effects on the nutrition of vulnurable group Remember the book, adjustment published by Unicef in 1987 but many co-authirs, the picture tells the complete story
- #7 The awarness of protecting vulnarable groups increased And many nutrition intervention programmes got started
- #8 In the shift of milllienium the international nutrition community celebrated that nutrition became an established goal of development
- #9 HR, should be sufficient SDG, human capacity developement and driver of many societal processes
- #10 Regards nutrition and sdg as a circle Common focus on lefts side of picture, nutrition as an outcome of Dev But we need to put larger emphasis on nutrition as an important input for sdg
- #12 Not we and them any longer, improved nutrition, under and overnutrition
- #13 Important means Improved diet among both rich and poor Improved diet in rich setting has a huge potental in reducing greenhouse gas emmission
- #16 De gravida kvinnorna var mkt små, Trots detta var det ingen skillnad om de åt extra mat tidigt i grav eller om de fick multi, likaså var det ingen skillnad i
- #18 Break intergenerational on undernutrition, and modify riskfactors for overnutrition MINIMat good experience of supp,
- #19 Setting: land scarcity, few income opportunities, green hunger area , in between seasonal food insecurity that tends to be extended for part of the population SAM, from NGO disaster to govn program Research question
- #20 While PN appreciated it was clear that due to food nsecurity it was used in an unintended way Ultimately the Sam child was regarded as a valuable economic resource The risk of developing SAM and the household need of PN for household food secirity increases at the same time Targeted supp to individuals in households under food insecurity is risky, while short term needed must work for sustainable interventions, nutrition sensitive action
- #21 Setting: nutrition transition, Stunting common But otherwise underweight and overweight of similar prevalence, double burden of malnutrition Need to study feeding aspects for both under and overnutrition,
- #22 Double burden of improper infant feeding, to little of the good practices and too much of the poor