Covid-19 is a new strain of coronavirus that emerged in China in late 2019 and has since spread globally. It is predominantly spread through respiratory droplets from coughing and sneezing, and contact. While most cases are mild, some can develop severe pneumonia and respiratory failure. As a new virus, the entire population is at risk with no preexisting immunity. There is no vaccine yet and treatment focuses on supportive care, with the sickest cases requiring intensive care. As of March 2020, over 200,000 cases and 8,000 deaths had been reported globally across multiple countries led by China, Italy, Iran and Spain.
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Understanding the basics of COVID-19 in a rapidly.pptx
1.
2. WHAT IS COVID-19 VIRUS?
• Covid-19 (previously called novel coronavirus) is a new strain of
a coronavirus that first emerged in Hubei province in China in
late 2019.
• Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses and can cause the
common cold in humans.
• Rarely, new strains of coronavirus can jump from animals to
humans to cause disease, other examples: SARS (2003) and
MERS (2012).
• Up to date information in a changing environment - live website
e.g. local health service or agency such as WHO.
3. WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT COVID-19
• Predominant spread by respiratory droplets (e.g. someone
coughing) and contact.
• Spread is similar to seasonal influenza → practicing same
precautions to minimise spread of influenza will provide
protection against COVID-19:
o Basic hand hygiene – hand sanitiser/soap and water
o Cough etiquette – cough into elbow/tissue
o Stay home if feeling unwell
o Encouraging face masks for suspected cases is similar to
seasonal influenza – practicing
4. WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT COVID-19?
• Most common symptoms are respiratory symptoms (cough,
difficulty
breathing) with or without fever
• Cases may be infectious just before symptoms appear, as well as
with minimal symptoms
• Majority of cases have milder disease, with some having severe
disease
• Severe cases develop pneumonia and respiratory failure
• Deaths have generally occurred in people who are older and who
have underlying health conditions - reports of severe disease
in
children are uncommon
5. • WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT COVID-19?
Who is at potential risk?
Everyone:
• Population expected to have no immunity as a new virus
• At least 18 months until vaccine available
What is the treatment?
• Supportive, no effective treatment at scale
• Existing antiviral medications are being trialed, likely reserved for
sickest
• Severe cases can require intensive care
• Supportive treatment in hospital and intensive care can be life
saving
6. SITUATION ACROSS THE WORLD
• Confirmed cases of COVID-19 214,894
• • Reported deaths 8,732
• • China – 81,100+ confirmed cases; 3,122 deaths
• • Italy – 35,700+ confirmed cases; 2,978 deaths
• • Iran – 17,300+ confirmed cases; 1,135 deaths
• • Spain – 13,900+ confirmed cases; 623 deaths
• • Germany – 12,300+ confirmed cases; 28 deaths
• • Of confirmed cases reported globally, case fatality rate
approx 3.7%
• • WHO announced on 12 March 2020 that COVID-19 is a
pandemic
