architecure

2. INTRODUCTION
● There are two types of ceilings, primary and secondary ceilings. The primary
ceiling is a roof structure and the secondary ceiling is a false ceiling.
● False ceiling is an artificial ceiling hung from the main ceiling with various
types of materials.
● These don’t carry any load.
● They are also known as the artificial ceiling, drop ceiling, false ceiling, and
suspended ceiling.
● Constructed below the main primary ceiling.
● Helps to hide air conditioning ducts, wiring, light frames and fixtures, security
cameras fire sprinkles and other.

3. OBJECTIVES
WHY DO WE NEED FALSE CEILING
● Improve the outlook of the room (interior).
● Neat, clean and uniform
● Decrease electric wiring works are done on the walls.
● Hides all these electric wirings.
● Hides all these unwanted elements of the room (Structural members like beam)
● For sound resistance
● Thermal comfort ( Heat Insulator )
● Air conditioning
● Ventilation
● Reduce the height of the room
● Maintain room temperature
● Cut down the cost

4. BACKGROUND HISTORY OF FALSE CEILING
● First used in Japan for aesthetic reasons in Muromachi period (1337 to 1573)
● Used in Black friars theater, London to aid acoustics (1596)
● Succession of patents in 20th century America
● This continues to grow in popularity as electricity, indoor plumbing, central
heating and cooling.

5. HISTORY IN CONTEXT OF NEPAL
● No clear development and use of the false ceiling.
● Traditional slope covered below slope.
● Space below the slope roof used for storage, thermal comfort and heating ,
cooling.

6. WHERE TO INSTALL…??
LIVING SPACE BEDROOM SPACE KIDS ROOM SPACE
KITCHEN SPACE DINING SPACE POOJA SPACE

7. TYPES OF FALSE CEILING
1. POP False Ceiling
2. Gypsum Board False Ceiling
3. Wooden False Ceiling
4. PVC False Ceiling
5. Metal False Ceiling
6. Glass False Ceiling
7. Fibre False Ceiling
8. Fabric and Synthetic Material False Ceiling

8. Pop false ceilling
POP is a gypsum-made ceiling
OP materials are found in powder form in the market
which can be utilized to prepare a paste and use on
wooden board and fiberboard with the intended
shape and design.
highly long-lasting and gives good insulation against
cold and heat in the room
looks very attractive and outstanding after proper
lighting and paintwork is done.
Fast installation as pop can be mixed with water and
directly applied in wooden boards

9. advantages
● provides decorative smooth interior finishes to the ceiling.
● POP does not contract when setting, therefore it does not create cracks after hardening.
● It can effortlessly be molded into any shape as per the design.
● Lightweight and quite durable.
● They need less maintenance.
● Withstand fire.
● Great thermal insulator in various weather conditions.
● POP ceiling holds a long Life span.
● The ceiling surface can be painted to convey a more attractive gaze.
disadvantages
● It can not be used in moist rooms like toilets and bathrooms.
● Lots of wastage during application.
● The site needs to be cleaned well after installation.

10. Gypsum board false ceilling
Made of calcium sulphate dehydrate
Manufractured in shape of rectangle resist load of 15-20 kgs
has higher features like fire resistance, soundproof and lightweight it is utilized as drywall
standard sizes like 600 mm x 600 mm
Types Of Gypsum Boards
• Regular Gypsum Board-use in common residential buildings
• Fire Resistant Gypsum Board-used where high fire resistance is required
• Moisture Resistant Gypsum Board- used in damp areas
• Fire and Moisture Resistant Gypsum Boards - used where both fire and moisture is to re resist

11. Disadvantages
✔ Uninstalling or repairing of gypsum ceiling is difficult and may require the entire ceiling to be broken.
✔ It can not be used in moist areas like the bathroom, toilet, laundry room, etc.
✔ It can not be molded Like a pop false ceiling.
Advantages Of Gypsum False Ceiling
✔ They are lightweight and easy to establish.
✔ They are factory-made hence they are uniform, good quality supply smooth finishes with minimal joints.
✔ Gypsum is a soft material and supplies diverse shapes and textures like plain, curved, stepped, coffered, etc.
✔ They are effortless to clean.
✔ They can withstand fire.
✔ They are good in thermal and sound insulation.

12. Wooden false ceilling
Wood is a commonly utilized and popular interior and exterior decoration material.
ajor advantage is that it can be chopped in any shape and size before being utilized.
can be utilized in blending with other materials like gypsum, glass, metal, etc.
also found in various finishes such as natural varnished, laminated, lacquers, and m

13. Advantages:
✔ Easy to establish.
✔ Durable
✔ They are used in cold seasons.
Disadvantages:
✔ Vulnerable to termite attack.
✔ Chan be damaged from the fire.
✔ Requires high maintenance.

14. PVC FALSE CEILING
❖ It is one of light weighted and costs affect
false ceiling materials utilized by
homeowners.
❖ PVC panels are utilized as exterior wall
cladding of residential and commercial
buildings which can be produced in
desired shapes and sizes.

15. Advantages:
❖ Easy to Install.
❖ Strong, Durable, and long-lasting
❖ Easy to clean.
❖ Need Less maintenance
❖ Waterproof
Disadvantages:
❖ Affects to human health.
❖ Unable to withstand fire.

16. ❖ A metal false ceiling is prepared of steel, aluminum,
or galvanized iron.
❖ The metal false ceiling is easy to fix as its parts are
prefabricated.
❖ The metal ceiling frames are prepared in various
sizes and shapes for ceiling work.
❖ Thickness - 0.4 mm to 1 mm
METAL FALSE CEILING

17. Advantages:
✔ Easy to Install.
✔ Durable and long-lasting
✔ Withstand fire
Disadvantages:
✔ Costly
✔ Need coating to protect from corrosion.

18. Glass False Ceiling
Glass is a famous type of false ceiling material utilized in the world. The glass material is non-crystalline and has brittle and
transparent features. It is utilized for decoration and lighting work in the home and offices.
As it has the best heat insulation features is utilized for false ceilings for office and residential buildings. Glass is found in
markets of various shapes, sizes, and colors which gives it the most versatile material utilized in the construction industry.
Due to its transparent nature, it shows smaller spaces as bigger in size. Glass is utilized in form of panels which is a good
ceiling solution for restaurants, offices, libraries, etc.

19. Advantages:
✔ Glass ceiling gives an eye-catching look to the room’s interior.
✔ Glass is a good heat insulator too.
✔ The transparent nature of glass can be utilized to make a small space look bigger.
✔ Coloring, laminating and pattering are possible.
Disadvantages:
✔ Glass should be handled with care during installation. Requires skilled workers.
✔ Dust and dirt are easily visible on the glass.
✔Requires proper maintenance and regular cleaning.
✔ Very expensive.

20. Fibre False Ceiling
The fiber false ceiling material is prepared by blending synthetic and natural materials like tars, vegetable fiber, and bitumen
and wood fibers. It is usually known for its good insulation features like soundproofing and acoustic nature.
Because fiber acts as reinforcement, it provides the properties like hardness, and toughness, and can resist the fire that
making it a very suggested type of false ceiling material for commercial buildings such as retail shops, shopping malls, and
offices.

21. Advantages:
✔ Easy to Install.
✔ Heat and sound insulation properties.
✔ Fire resistant
✔ More hardness and toughness
Disadvantages:
✔ Easily affected by water.
✔ They aren’t suitable for residential use.

22. Fabric and Synthetic Material False Ceiling
For constructing the false ceiling of fabric and synthetic, the materials utilized are cloth and leather. As the materials are
prepared in factories, they can be made with the needed shape and size.
The ceiling prepared with fabric and synthetic materials gives an outstanding sight appearance. Its light transferring features
are quite less compared to others and also can get dirt by dust, it is only suggested for temporary building and tents false
ceiling work.

23. Advantages:
✔ Easy and quick installation
✔ Better aesthetic appearance.
✔ Affordable.
Disadvantages:
✔ They collect dust and stains easily.
✔ They have low light transferring capacity.
✔ Not useful for home decoration.