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Overview On water
- 1. Sources, Waste Water and Conservation Of Water WATER Presenter Rohit Jain
- 2. Water is made of tiny molecules of hydrogen and oxygen. Pure water has no color, no taste and doesn’t smell of anything. Water exists in three forms on the Earth: Solid (ice or frost) Liquid (lakes, oceans, rain) Gas (steam or water vapour - "invisible" water in the air). WHAT IS WATER
- 3. Some Interesting Facts About Water Almost 80% Of the Earth’s Surface is Covered with Water. A Living Tree is about 75% Of Water. Human Body is 66% of water.
- 4. THE WORLD WATER DAY World Water Day is an annual event celebrated on 22 March. The day focus on Universal access to clean water and highlight the need for improved access to water, sanitation and hygiene facilities. Worlds water day is Supported by many Organization and Institutions across the Globe.
- 5. WHERE CAN WE GET WATER About 97.5% Of the Water on the Earth is Oceans. Other 3% of Water is From 1.Lakes 2.Rivers 3. Rain
- 6. Distribution of World Water
- 7. WHAT IS WATER SHORTAGE Water Shortage happens when an area does not have enough water to meet needs of the People who live there. A Shortage is Caused by “too much demand” or “not enough Supply”
- 8. WASTE WATER Wastewater refers to all effluent from household, commercial establishments and institutions, hospitals, industries and so on. Waste Water contains Bacteria, Dissolved Chemicals, Inorganic Particles etc.
- 9. TYPES OF WASTE WATER Blackwater Graywater Yellow water
- 10. SOURCES OF WASTEWATER Domestic Sewage Non-sewage
- 11. MANAGEMENT OF WASTE WATER Preventive Practices Capture the wastewater immediately Treatment Recycle and reuse water Education and Awareness
- 12. WATER PURIFICATION Water Purification is the transition of Dirty harmful Water into Clean Save Water. Water Purification Means Clean water from any Kind of impurity it contains Such as contaminants or Microorganisms. METHODS OF PURIFYING WATER 1. BOILING 2. FILTERING 3. DISTILLING 4. CHLORINATION
- 13. METHODS TO SAVE WATER Turning the water Tap off when not in use. Purchase water-efficient products and appliances. Check for leaks. When Washing use you full load. Take Shorter Shower Rainwater Harvesting
- 14. THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION • ANY QUERIES
Editor's Notes
- Additionally, a number of non-governmental organizations promoting clean water and sustainable aquatic habitats have used World Water Day as a time to focus attention on critical current issues related to water. Events such as theatrical and musical celebrations, educational events, and campaigns to raise money for access to clean and affordable water are held worldwide on or close to 22 March. The United Nations (UN) designated 22 March as International World Water Day in 1992 at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED). The first World Water Day was commemorated in 1993.[5] World Water Day is an international observance day. It is meant to inspire people around the world to learn more about water-related issues, tell others about these issues and take action to make a difference, particularly in developing countries.[1] One of these issues is the global water crisis.[6] thus there will be a few new products on the Convention Events will be organized at the local, regional, national and international level At the international level, UNESCO and the UN-Water Task Force on Transboundary Waters will produce some products and a website Working Group should discuss suggestions for activities and material to be produced
- Effluent refers to the sewage or liquid waste that is discharged into water bodies either from direct sources or from treatment plants. Influent refers to water, wastewater, or other liquid flowing into a reservoir, basin or treatment plant. Sewage is also wastewater. It is wastewater originating from toilets and bathroom fixtures, bathing, laundry, kitchen sinks, cleaners, and similar dirty water that is produced in households and public places. Water used to irrigate turf and gardens, swimming pools, roof drainage, surface runoff and stormwater are all wastewater but not classified as sewage. sewage disposal for children In simple terms, wastewater is all the dirty water from municipal sources (poop, urine and faecal sludge). This includes black water, gray water and yellow water. All dirty water from all the schools, restaurants, commercial establishments, hospitals, farms, floodwater and all the possible dirty water you can think of is considered wastewater. Some wastewater contain hazardous dissolved toxins and chemicals, whiles others contain particles, sediments and suspended matter of all sizes. Agriculture (irrigation, livestock watering and cleaning, aquaculture) uses about 69% to 90% of global fresh water use, and the bulk of it is returned to the soil, waterways or discharged with added nutrients and contaminants.
- This is wastewater that originates from dishwashers and food preparation sinks. It is made up of all the things that you can imagine going down the toilets, bath and sink drains. They include poop, urine, toilet paper and wipes; body cleaning liquids, anal cleansing water and so on. They are known to be highly contaminated with dissolved chemicals, particulate matter and is very pathogenic. This is wastewater that originates from non-toilet and food fixtures such as bathroom sinks, laundry machines, spas, bathtubs and so on. Technically it is sewage that does not contain poop or urine. Graywater is treated very differently from Blackwater and is usually suitable for re-use. This is basically urine collected with specific channels and not contaminated with either blackwater or graywater.
- This includes all wastewater generated by home dwellings, public restrooms, hotels, restaurants, motels, resorts, schools, places of worship, sports stadiums, hospitals and other health centers, apartments and the like. They all produce high volumes of wastewater. These include water from floods (storm water), runoff (rain water running through cracks in the ground and into gutters), water from swimming pools, water from car garages and cleaning centers. They also include laundromats, beauty salons, commercial kitchens, energy generation plants and so on.
- 1. Preventive practices: Laws, policies and advocacy should be designed to encourage all stakeholders to reduce the generation of wastewater. This will reduce the volume of wastewater that we have to eventually deal with. 2. Capture the wastewater immediately: Appropriate technology and practices must be laid to capture wastewater straight from its source and directed to the right places for treatment. This part will involve significant investment, but the long-term benefits will be worth it. It may involve laying different underground pipes to carry different types of wastewater. 3. Treatment: In many rural dwellings all over the world, the sun, vegetation, soils and bacteria are able to take care of wastewater naturally if discharged into the environment with little or no treatment. It is possible because the volumes are very small. In urban centers the amounts of wastewater produced is staggering and simply impossible for nature to take care of. This is why we need to treat wastewater using appropriate and relevant technology before discharging into the environment. 4. Recycle and re-use water: This involves the use of physical, biological and chemical principles to remove contaminants from wastewater. The type of wastewater will determine the kind of principle to apply. Water recycle, reuse and reclaim are often used to mean the same thing. An example is water that is used over and over again for cooling purposes in an energy plant. Another example is to capture gray water (those from sinks, shower and laundry drains) and reused for landscaping, construction and concrete mixing purposes. 5. Education, Awareness, Advocacy and Stewardship: Stakeholders should provide a friendly background for the development of new ideas and technologies to managing the issue. Each person and all groups of people should be adequately informed about the threat and the need to reduce wastewater and welcome the potential in managing them with socially and culturally appropriate methods and technology.
- Water purification, or drinking water treatment, is the process of removing contaminants from surface water or groundwater to make it safe and palatable for human consumption Boiling is the rapid vaporization of a liquid, which occurs when a liquid is heated to its boiling point, A water filter removes impurities from water by means of a fine physical barrier Distilled water is water that has had many of its impurities removed through distillation. Distillation involves boiling thewater and then condensing the steam into a clean container. Water chlorination is the process of adding chlorine (Cl 2) or hypochlorite to water. This method is used to kill certain bacteria and other microbes in tap water as chlorine is highly toxic. In particular, chlorination is used to prevent the spread of waterborne diseases such as cholera, dysentery, typhoid etc.
- Take a look at 51 ways in which you can conserve water. Each of these methods of water conservation is simple and easy and certainly things that anyone can take advantage of. 1. Turning the water off when brushing your teeth or washing your hair can save a lot of water. In fact, as much as 160 gallons of water can be conserved each month when you turn the water off. 2. Purchase water-efficient products and appliances for your home. This includes dishwashers, sink systems, bathtubs and more. These products pay for themselves in no time at all. 3. Plant your garden in the spring and you can save since water requirement levels are less during this season. 4. Do not use water to defrost foods. Although many people do use this method it requires a lot of water consumption to do this. 5. Check for leaks. This includes the toilet and the sinks in the home. Even a small leak could cause an extensive amount of extra water usage and more money added to the water bill. 6. Stop using extra water when you flush by avoiding placing anything in the toilet. This includes tissue and cigarette butts. Using this method to eliminate these items will cost you an additional 5 to 6 gallons of water per flush. 7. Insulate your pipes. This will prevent them from freezing in the winter while also helping heat water up faster, among other benefits. 8. When washing clothes, make sure that you are washing full loads of laundry only. You are wasting a lot of water washing only half of a load. 9. Same rule applies when using the dishwasher –keep it full. 10. Take shorter showers. You would be surprised at that just a few minutes off your shower time could reduce the amount of water you are using greatly. 11. When washing your dishes (without the dishwasher) do not leave the water running to rinse. 12. Keep water in a jug in the fridge instead of running the tap when you want water. 13. Minimize the amount of time spent watering the lawn. Ensure that you are watering it only when needed. 14. When watering the lawn ensure that the sprinkler system is set the right way so you are not watering the gutters and watering other things that you do not want to water. 15. Rainwater harvesting is used by many people and it could prove to be beneficial to you, too. Consider it! 16. Do you know how to shut off your water system in the event of an emergency? If not it is time to learn how to do this. 17. Cut off the water supply to any areas in the home that you are not using. 18. Have regular inspections from a plumber or water specialists. He can detect any problems quickly and easily. 19. Teach your kids how to conserve water and help them do it. Rewards are a great incentive! 20. Use brooms or other tools to clean gutters instead of the water hose. 21. Keep in mind those hidden water sources, including broilers and hot water heat pumps. 22. Use a layer of mulch around your plants and they will retain moisture for a longer time period. 23. Consider all decorations used outside including water fountains that may consume more energy. 24. Adjust your water techniques with the season and save hundreds of gallons of water. 25. Use only one drinking glass for your water for the day. Water_flowing_from_pump 26. Consider purchasing a dual-flush toilet. These technology-savvy toilets are great to promote water conservation. 27. Use the car wash to wash your vehicle. A lot of water is wasted doing it at home. 28. Match the water fill to the appropriate size of laundry that you are doing. 29. Using a water sensor is a smart idea. 30. Use rainwater to water the plants in the house. 31. Using the right size pans when cooking is yet another surprising way that you can save on your water consumption. 32. Check your hoses and pipes for leaks, cracks, and other damage. 33. Reuse your towels. Using them a couple of times is perfectly fine and a great way to save water. 34. Do not plant in areas that are hard to water. 35. If you have a small lawn, try to water it by hand rather than using sprinklers. This way you have more control over the amount of water. 36. Install water saving devices. Use low-flow shower heads on all showers and faucet aerators on all faucets to reduce your water use. 37. Try to use fewer plates and cups to reduce the amount of water that needs to be used. 38. Don’t let water go down the drain while you are waiting for temperature to adjust when taking the bath. 39. Read your house water readings at regular interval when no water is being used and check for hidden water leaks. 40. Install covers on pools to avoid loss of water evaporation and check for leaks around your pumps. 41. Water your lawn during early parts of the day. Avoid early watering and late watering as it leads to water loss due to evaporation. 42. Use broom instead of hose to clean your driveways or sidewalks. This can save several gallons of water everyday. 43. Don’t use your toilet as a trash can. Every time you flush your toilet, you use up to 9-12 liters of water. 44. Partial loads wastes a lot of water. Don’t run the washer until you have full load of laundry to wash. 45. Fill the sink with soapy water in the sink when washing dishes by hand. Quickly rinse under a slow-moving stream from the faucet. 46. Use energy efficient washing machine. It saves up to 18 gallons of water per load. 47. Never put the water down the drain as you may use that water for watering a plant or garden. 48. Teach your kids to turn the faucets off tightly after each use. 49. Don’t over-water your lawns and don’t water any faster than the soil can absorb. 50. Do not brush teeth in the shower. You end up wasting gallons of water as you stand in the shower for several minutes brushing your teeth. Instead, use a small cup for brushing teeth. 51. Provide useful suggestions to your employer and let them know of various ways that can save water.