Biol 103 final examination

1. BIOL 103 FINAL EXAMINATION
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BIOL 103 Final Examination
Question 1
Which statement about evolution is FALSE?
Question 1 option:
According to evolutionary theory, you are related to a bacterium, to a yeast cell, to a snake, and to a
whale. In fact, you are related to every species now alive on Earth, and to fossil species like
dinosaurs as well.
Natural selection acts on genetic differences within a population to cause evolution. Individuals do
not evolve.
Natural selection is about slow but steady progress. Through it, populations constantly get better -
adapted. When this process is completed for all populations, evolution will come to a stop.
Evolution occurs constantly, without end; there is no endpoint in evolution.
Question 2
Negatively charged particles are found where in an atom?
Question 2 options:
In the nucleus
In a single layer outside the nucleus

2. In multiple layers outside the nucleus
Both inside and outside the nucleus
Question 3
You have a solution that has a pH of 8 and need it to be pH 5. What do you do?
Question 3 options:
Add water
Add a base
Add an acid
Add a buffer
Question 4
What characteristic of carbon makes it a good backbone for creating diverse and durable
molecules?
Question 4 options:
Carbon is a large atom.
Carbon forms four covalent bonds.
Carbon forms hydrogen bonds.
All of the above
Question 5

3. Which of the following structures can be found together in eukaryotic cells?
Question 5 options:
cytoplasm and ribosomes
cytoplasm and plasma membrane
DNA and ribosomes
ribosomes and endoplasmic reticulum
Question 6
Which of the following reactions or pathways is catabolic?
Question 6 options:
Breaking down ATP into ADP and phosphate.
Making starch from many glucose molecules.
Photosynthesis: which builds glucose from carbon dioxide using energy from light.
Making ATP from ADP and Phosphate.
Question 7
In a metabolic pathway, a typical control mechanism is to have: ________
Question 7 options:
the final product have no effect on the enzyme responsible for its own production.
the final product inhibit an early step.
a reactant inhibit a late step.
a lack of reactant stimulate the pathway.

4. Question 8
Mitosis results in ______ cells and meiosis results in _______ cells.
Question 8 options:
haploid, diploid
diploid, haploid
diploid, diploid
haploid, haploid
Question 9
In beans yellow (Y) is dominant to green (y) and smooth (S) is dominant to wrinkled (s). What are
the possible genotypes for the offspring of the following cross: YySS and YYSs.
Question 9 options:
YYSS, YYss, yySS, yyss
YS, yS, YS, yS
Yy, SS, YY, Ss
YYSS, YySS, YYSs, YySs
Question 10
Red rose color is incompletely dominant over white rose color. If a red rose is crossed with a pink
rose, what percentage of the offspring will be pink?

5. Question 10 options:
100
75
50
25
Question 11
One of the products of cellular respiration is ________.
Question 11 options:
water
sucrose
cellulose
oxygen
Question 12
An ecologist is studying all the animals, plants, fungi and bacteria, as well as the interaction among
them, in a forest? He is studying the _________ in the forest.
Question 12 options:
niche
biome
community
population

6. Question 13
The temperature optimum for an enzyme is 37C. What will most likely happen if you increase the
temperature from 37C to 50C?
Question 13 options:
The enzyme activity will not be affected
The enzyme activity will increase
The enzyme activity will decrease
The pH will increase
Question 14
When celery is placed in a glass of pure water the solution inside its cells is _____ compared to the
water.
Question 14 options:
selectively permeable
isotonic
hypertonic
hypotonic
Question 15
An ecosystem can be characterized as:

7. Question 15 options:
populations + community.
all species, population, and community interactions for organisms in a given area.
the abiotic components of the environment.
all of the biological interactions, plus interactions with the abiotic environment, in a given area.
Question 16
Enzymes
Question 16 options:
catalyze reactions
prevent reactions from occurring
are found only in prokaryotes
all of those answers are correct
Question 17
This term refers to the maintenance of internal stability in a creature:
Question 17 options:
homeostasis
mutualism
parasitism
meiosis

8. Question 18
Steroids and waxes are
Question 18 options:
proteins
carbohydrates
lipids
nucleic acids
Question 19
Active transport DOES NOT require ATP
Question 19 options:
True
False
Question 20
In October of 2003, a raging wildfire swept through the mountain ecosystems in Southern California,
burning everything in its path to the ground and driving away all of the animals. In order for the
mountain ecosystem to re-establish itself, which member of the food web has to return first?
Question 20 options:
deer

9. coyotes
snake
grasses
Question 21
Carbohydrates are not
Question 21 options:
stored potential energy
made mostly of nitrogen and carbon.
broken down by cellular respiration.
made by producers.
Question 22
A primary consumer would eat:
Question 22 options:
secondary consumers
plants.
Bacteria.
rabbits.
Question 23

10. Diffusion is
Question 23 options:
One type of active transport
The movement of water across the cell membrane
The movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
Question 24
Any individual organism has the potential to adapt to its environment, if it is given enough time and
possesses a mechanism to generate variation.
Question 24 options:
True
False
Question 25
Once an adaptation appears, it remains in all the descendants unless the species becomes extinct
Question 25 options:
True
False

11. Question 26
When a founder population has a small gene pool, evolutionary change is more likely to be rapid
than if the founder population has a large gene pool.
Question 26 options:
True
False
Question 27
When speciation occurs, the result is a huge dramatic change in the new species.
Question 27 options:
True
False
Question 28
When two groups are reproductively isolated, it can be reliably predicted that speciation will follow
very soon.
Question 28 options:
True
False

12. Question 29
Codons are locate on
Question 29 options:
abiotic components
DNA
RNA
all of those
Question 30
Fossil evidence suggests that human ancestors arose one time in Africa.
Question 30 options:
True
False
Question 31
Sunlight influences vitamin D production is humans.
Question 31 options:
True
False

13. Question 32
Mitochondria and chloroplasts of eukaryotic cells are very similar to prokaryotes
Question 32 options:
True
False
Question 33
Organisms that live in habitats with high levels of competition are more likely to produce defensive
chemicals than those that live with little competition.
Question 33 options:
True
False
Question 34
The human population may continue to increase even though it surpasses carrying capacity.
Question 34 options:
True
False
Question 35

14. A woman’s ovum will complete Meiosis II only, if fertilization has occurred.
Question 35 options:
True
False
Question 36
One human disease is caused by a change in the DNA from GAA to GTA. This change is an
example of:
Question 36 options:
crossing over
a mutation
independent assortment
cytokinesis
Question 37
The main function of a ribosome is to ____________________.
Question 37 options:
extract energy from glucose
synthesize glucose
store food in the form of fat
synthesize proteins

15. Question 38
The effectiveness of a medication containing growth hormone is tested on a group of young male
rabbits 3 weeks of age. The best control group would be:
Question 38 options:
any group of rabbits
a group of young male rabbits 3 weeks of age, not given the medication
a group of young female rabbits 3 weeks of age, not given the medication
no control is required; just measure whether the rabbits grew
Question 39
The number of _______________ in the outer shell of an atom determines the type of chemical
bonds an atom can make.
Question 39 options:
electrons
protons
ions
neutrons
Question 40
You find a cell of a type you have never seen before. The cell has both a nucleus and a cell
wall. Therefore, you conclude, it must be a _______________ cell.

16. Question 40 options:
liver
animal
bacterial
plant
Question 41
The gene pool of a population may change due to:
Question 41 options:
migration
genetic drift
natural selection and mutation
all of the above
Question 42
What are “keystone species” in a community?
Question 43
What is “pseudoscience”?

17. Question 44
What are dependent variables?
Question 45
(Required) You have read that inorganic fertilizers contribute to water pollution and would like to
make a switch from inorganic fertilizers to organic compost in your vegetable garden. A friend
graciously gives you a truck load of his compost. As a good researcher and critical thinker you are
not convinced that organic compost will yield better results than the inorganic fertilizer you have
used for years with good results. To draw your own conclusion based on scientific evidence you
decide to conduct an experiment in your garden. State a good hypothesis, design an experiment
(include test subjects, sample size, control(s), dependent and independent variables, type of data
collected) and hypothetical results/conclusion. Does your conclusion support the hypothesis?
Question 46
(Required) The habitat of one species of tropical fish is red coral reefs. The large majority of the
fish in this population are red. A few individual fish carry a mutation that prevents the production of
the red pigment; as a result these individual fish are white.The temperature of the ocean where
these fish live gets warmer and warmer over a 10 year period, and as a result the coral is bleached
and turns white. Use what you have learned about natural selection to explain how this bleaching
event may have affected the evolution this fish population (not including possible direct effects of
warmer temperatures on the fish). Use appropriate terminology about evolution in your answer,
including the terms natural selection, adaptive trait, and reproductive success.
Question 47
Describe the major land biome where you live. How have human activities affected native species?
Include specific examples.
Question 48

18. You scoop up a water sample from a local pond nearby, because you are curious about the possible
microbes that might live there. After looking at several slides that held drops of the sample, you
noticed two different kinds of cells: One kind was very small and had no separate internal structures;
the other kind was much larger, and it contained several kinds of internal structures that were
physically different from each other. Please name each cell and briefly describe their similarities and
difference