2. Not a literature review
An overview of the literature related to your field of study
A list discussing each piece of literature in turn
A summary of key texts
A critical evaluation of everything you have
read for your dissertation
3. Martin, Pescosolido & Tuch (2000) examined the effects of descriptions of the targets’ behavior, causal
attributions about the source of the behavior, the target’s perceived dangerousness, labeling and participants’
sociodemographic characteristics. Twenty percent of the participants labeled a target described with depressed
symptoms as having a mental illness (as compared with 54% for those described with schizophrenic symptoms or
1% with normal troubles); 37% would be unwilling to interact with the depressed person (48% for the
schizophrenic and 21% for normal troubles); and 33% felt that the depressed person would do violence to others
(61% for the schizophrenic and 17% for the normal troubles).
Alexander and Link (2003) examined the stigma of mental illness, perceptions of dangerousness and social
distance in a telephone survey. They found that, as a participant’s own life contact with mentally ill individuals
increased, participants were both less likely to perceive a target mentally ill individual in a vignette as physically
dangerous and less likely to desire social distance from the target. This relationship remained after controlling for
demographic and confound variables, such as gender, ethnicity, education, income and political conservatism.
They also found that any type of contact – with a friend, a spouse, a family member, a work contact, or a contact
in a public place – with mentally ill individuals reduced perceptions of dangerousness of the target in the
vignette.
4. A literature review
A critical evaluation of relevant research
A synthesis of key ideas/concepts/theories found in the literature
An explanation of where your project fits
into the academic discussion
An identification of areas of controversy or debate
5. Many research papers strongly centre on the economic impact an event can have, especially earlier papers (Getz
and Page, 2016), with many positive results being used as justification for Mega-Event bidding (Kasimati, 2003).
Many of these are not directly linked to sale generation from the event; research has pointed to other forms of
economic gain through host business increase in the tourism industry (Lee and Taylor, 2005; Djaballah et al,
2015), and chances for employment (Gursoy et al, 2004; Djaballah et al, 2015) and job stimulation (Djaballah et
al, 2015). Events can create the chance for economic growth through offering job opportunities to host cities and
surrounding areas’ residents (Yolal et al, 2016). This can positively affect the social needs of such residents
(Kaplanidou et al, 2013; Chun Ma and Rotherham, 2016), thus reinforcing the notion that economic impacts can
act as a basis for achieving social needs. Although some research has indicated how events can produce an
increase in jobs, (Feddersen and Maennig, 2012; Kim et al, 2017), the same research has noted that the
employment is not permanent. This notion is supported by further research indicating only short-term
employment results due to the nature of events (Lee and Taylor, 2005; Mathurin et al, 2013; Dwyer et al, 2016).
However, other research emphasises the impact of permanent jobs being created, yet these are at more modest
figures such as 46 for the host region and 37 for outer regions (Lee et al, 2017). Nonetheless, overall research has
indicated that employment opportunity is not a significant impact of a locality staging a major event (Lorde et al,
2011). This project, therefore, hopes to explore the levels of employment created by smaller-scale local events in
order to extend the findings of research into Mega-Events in order to take a more holistic approach to the
relationship between events and employment.
