1. PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
Week 1 – 2
Research Designs and Sampling
Activity 1
1. Non-Experimental Research Design
2. Experimental Research Design
3. Experimental Research Design
4. Experimental Research Design
5. Non-Experimental Research Design
Activity 2
1. Regression
2. Non-Experimental
3. Cross-Sectional
4. Researcher
5. Correlation
6. Longitudinal
7. Comparisons
Activity 3
1. C
2. A
3. F
4. B
5. E
Activity 4
During the semester, students in a class are lectured on particular courses and an exam is
administered at the end of the semester. In this case, the students are the subjects or dependent
variables while the lectures are the independent variables treated on the subjects. Only one group of
carefully selected subjects are considered in this research, making it a pre-experimental research
design example. We will also notice that tests are only carried out at the end of the semester, and not
at the beginning. Further making it easy for us to conclude that it is a one-shot case study research.
Correlational research is a type of non-experimental research method in which a researcher
measures two variables, understands and assesses the statistical relationship between them with no
influence from any extraneous variable. A positive relationship between two variables is when an
increase in one variable leads to a rise in the other variable. A decrease in one variable will see a
reduction in the other variable. For example, the amount of money a person has might positively
correlate with the number of cars the person owns.
Activity 5
1. NPS
2. PS
3. NPS
4. PS
2. 5. PS
Activity 6
1. Systematic sampling
2. Simple random sampling
3. Clustered sampling.
4. Simple random sampling
5. Simple random sampling
6. Stratified sampling
7. Systematic sampling.
8. Simple random sampling
9. Clustered sampling
10.Systematic sampling.
Activity 7
1. Systematic sampling
2. Simple random sampling
3. Clustered sampling.
4. Simple random sampling
5. Simple random sampling
Activity 8
1. Quota Sampling - Quota sampling can be of two kinds – controlled quota sampling and
uncontrolled quota sampling.
2. Stratified Random Sampling - the same proportion of individuals is selected from two or more
groups that share common characteristics.
3. Simple Random Sampling - There may be a wide range of reasons why people and
organizations volunteer for such studies, including having particularly strong feelings or
opinions about the research, a specific interest in the study or its findings, or simply wanting to
help out a researcher.
4. Convenience sampling technique - may prove to be effective during exploration stage of the
research area, and when conducting pilot data collection in order to identify and address
shortcomings associated with questionnaire design.
5. Snowball Sampling- The study participants would likely know other people in the same
situation as themselves and could inform others about the benefits of the study and reassure
them of confidentiality.
Validity and Reliability Intervention
Activity 1
1. A
2. Content Validity
3. Face Validity
4. Criterion Validity
5. Questionnaire
6. Predictive Validity
7. Reliability
3. 8. Cronbach alpha
9. Kuder-Richardson Coefficient
10. Parallel-form Reliability
11.Split-half Reliability
12.Criterion validity
13.Divergent Validity
14.Convergent Validity
15.Test-retest Reliability
Activity 2
R= 0.670727
Ru= 0.80231633522
Interpretation= The student’s white odds and even numbers has correlation coefficient of 0.68 and
has a split-half of 0.80
Activity 3
VALIDITY RELIABILITY
CONSTRUCT DESIGN
INTERNAL
CONSISTENCY
STABILITY
INTERRATER
EQUIVALENCE
CONTENT
CRITERION
RELATED
INTERNAL External STATIISTICAL
CONCLUSION
4. Activity 4
Activity 5
THE PROBLEM THE INTERVENTION
Poverty Agricultural research can contribute to poverty
reduction in three major ways. First, by
developing yield-increasing technologies
contributing to an increase in the supply of food
on which the poor spend a considerable share of
their income.
Homeless There is no uniform method for counting the
homeless, and very few good studies have been
done. Three approaches have been used:
indirect estimation, single-contact censuses, and
capture-recapture studies. Each method, while
offering some benefits, suffers from certain
technical inadequacies.
Home plumbing Plumbing issues come in all sorts of shapes and
sizes: from the relatively minor and inexpensive,
such as a dripping faucet or running toilet, all the
way to a sewer system backup or a major pipe
2021 – 2030
RESEARCH AGENDA
Socio-Ecdesistical or
Church-Related Studies
Research and Development
Studies towards
improvement of
departmental
Research contributing to
Advancement of
knowledge, specialization
and profession
Research dealing with
improvement of classroom
instruction and
management
5. leak capable of causing severe structural
damage to property, as well as destroying the
contents of a home or business.
Bullying Having a better understanding of bullying can
help you identify children who need help –
whether they are the one being bullied or doing
the bullying. By taking action, you can prevent
both short-term and long-term negative
outcomes.
Preventing human trafficking Anyone can join in the fight against human
trafficking, so here are seven ideas to consider
acting on.
Activity 6
1. Make a plan
2. Gather information
3. Make notes on what to say
4. Hold the intervention meeting
5. Form the intervention team
6. Decide on specific consequences
7. Follow up
