Prepared by Hamidur Rahman Mahmud, Kamal Hossain Sagor and Afrin Rahman a team of Researchsio. All of them are student of B.Pharm Program.

1. T h e O p p o r t u n i t y o f S t e m C e l l
T o T r e a t
D i a b e t e s a n d C a n c e r
Researchio A Research Friendly Tribe
Organized By

2. Triple Bypass
Presented by:
Md. Hamidur Rahman MahmuD
B. Pharm, Manarat International University
Afrin Rahman
B. Pharm, Manarat International University
Kamal Hossain Sagor
B. Pharm, Manarat International University

3. Stem Cell
A stem cell is a cell with the unique ability to
developed into specialized cell types in the
body.
Stem cells have self renewing potency.
It has to be multi potent.
Specialty of stem cells:

4. Studying early human development.
Diseases modeling
Drug Development
Cell transplantation
Embryonic stem cells
Adult stem cells
Induced pluripotent stem cells
T y p e s o f s t e m c e l l s Potential Uses For Stem Cell

5. O p p o r t u n i t y o f u s i n g S t e m c e l l
i n
D i a b e t i c T r e a t m e n t

6. Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas is no
longer able to make insulin, or when the body cannot make good use
of the insulin it produces.
Types:-
1.Type-1 Diabetes
2.Type- 2 Diabetes
S t e m C e l l T h e r a p i e s f o r
T r e a t i n g D i a b e t i c s

7. •Interleukin (1L)- 1 Beta , Nuclear Factor (NF) – KB
•Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)- Alpha , Interferon –(IFN)y
M e c h a n i s m o f P a n c r e a t i c B e t a c e l l d e a t h i n
T y p e 1 a n d T y p e 2 D i a b e t e s
In case of Type-1 Diabetes:-

8. Mechanism of Beta Cell Death In Type 2 Diabetes

9. The short age of organ donors.
Limited number of available donors.
Complications of immunosuppressant agents.
Exhaustion of the transplanted cells.
Transplantation of islets cells or whole Pancreas organ transplantation
is severely limited because:
The identification of stem cells that posses the potential to
differentiate into insulin producing cells, improve pancreatic
regeneration and ameliorate insulin resistance offers an alternative to
islets cell transplantation.
W h y s t e m c e l l t h e r a p i e s c o n s i d e r a s
t h e b e s t o p t i o n t o t r e a t
d i a b e t e s ?

10. Strategies for
generating Human pluripotent Stem Cells(hPSC) Derived Pancreatic Islets for
Transplantation

11. O p p o r t u n i t y o f u s i n g S t e m c e l l
i n
C a n c e r t r e a t m e n t
Is it possible to treat Cancer
with Stem Cell?

12. Cancer stem cells are the source of all cells that make up the
cancer. They can self renew, propagate, and differentiate into the
many types of cells in a tumor resulting in Cancer.
CSCs are considered derived from normal stem cells affected
by the tumor microenvironment although the mechanism of
development is not clear yet.
W h a t i s C a n c e r S t e m C e l l ( C S C ) ?

13. Opportunities to treat Cancer...

14. In 2007, Yamanaka's group succeeded in generating Nanog
mouse induced pluripotent stem (miPS) cells. it is hypothesized
that CSCs could be derived from Nanog miPS cells in the
conditioned culture medium of cancer cell lines, which is a mimic
of carcinoma microenvironment.
These iPS derived CSCs had a capacity of self-renewal and
expressed the marker genes, Nanog, Rex1, Eras, Esg1 and Cripto,
associated with stem cell properties and an undifferentiated state.
Thus it concluded that a model of CSCs was originally developed
from miPS cells and proposed the conditioned culture medium of
cancer cell lines might perform as niche for producing CSCs.
Furthermore, the identification of potentially bona fide markers of
CSCs, which will help the development of novel anti-cancer
therapies, might be possible though the CSC model.
Finding out the genetic alterations
and the secreted factors.
A n t i - C a n c e r t h e r a p i e s f r o m C a n c e r
S t e m C e l l
Mouse Induced Pluripotent Stem
cell
Cultured in mimic of carcinoma
microenvironment.
Derivation of Cancer Stem Cell
Anti-Cancer Therapies

15. Reprogramming of cancer cells into induced pluripotent stem
cells (iPSCs) opens up the possibility of converting malignant cells
into any cell type, including those best suited to be developed as
cancer vaccines.
Mouse cancer cells can be reprogrammed into iPSCs. Four
canonical reprogramming transcription factors, Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4,
and c-Myc, were introduced by plasmid transfection into mouse
Lewis lung carcinoma cell.
Functional pluripotency of the reprogrammed cells was
demonstrated by their ability to form embryoid bodies and
differentiate into neuronal progenitors on retinoic acid treatment.
This study indicates the feasibility of developing iPSC-based
experimental cancer vaccines for immunotherapy in mouse
models.
R e p r o g r a m m i n g o f C a n c e r C e l l s
Cancer Cells
Reprogrammed by four canonical
reprogramming transcription
factors, Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-
Myc
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell
Cancer Vaccines

16. Studies on regenerative stem cell therapy are being encouraged and efforts to
generate dendritic cells from stem cells are being made in the field of tumor
immunology which play important roles in cancer immunotherapy.
Studies on induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells generated from
somatic cells with pluripotent genes have advanced in
recent years. Stem cells are reported to be found in adipose tissue (adipose-
derived stem cells, ADSC).
The goal is to develop a new cancer vaccine by using dendritic
cells generated from ADSC.
An examination is made whether iPS cells can be generated from ADSC to
serve as a source of dendritic cells. A plasmid is introduced with pluripotent
genes(OCT3/4, KLF4, SOX2, L-MYC, LIN28, p53- shRNA) into an ADSC strain
derived from adipose tissue by electroporation and subsequently cultured the
cells for further examination. A colony suggestive of iPS cells from ADSC was
observed. OCT3/4, KLF4, SOX2, L-MYC, and LIN28 mRNAs were
expressed in the cultured cells.
On the basis of these results, we confirmed that iPS cells were generated from
ADSC. The method of inducing dendritic cells from iPS cells has already been
reported, and the results of this study suggest
that ADSC is a potential source of dendritic cells.
G e n e r a t i n g D e n d r i t i c C e l l s :
Adipose-Derived Stem Cells, ADSC
A plasmid is introduced with
pluripotent genes(OCT3/4, KLF4,
SOX2, L-MYC, LIN28, p53- shRNA)
into an ADSC strain derived
from adipose tissue.
Cultured
iPS cells were generated from ADSC
A colony suggestive of iPS cells from
ADSC was observed. OCT3/4, KLF4,
SOX2, L-MYC, and LIN28 mRNAs were
expressed in the cultured cells.

17. https://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/54/suppl_2/S97?fbclid=IwAR1J2Q9r-
3bfPbM1MVEfFF2nNbtLQ9mhydCY0vYbAESOAJpwF2wv98E2bz8
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1934590918302340
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6961772/?
fbclid=IwAR0QxnAbyTk5ARkEUjbYCrUVeTW0lag28EYFxg4BAiQXFpiFoXNKlDPuHnk
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15246735/
https://www.coursera.org/lecture/stem-cells/welcome-to-the-science-of-stem-cells-r3Ugh?fbclid=IwAR18FkA5kZ2I-h9-
5N6_MMvpmeRbhzaAlm5Xefp8-Vd9WdBMG2A8ar6FudQ
Matsushita, N., H. Kobayashi, et al. "[Establishment of induced pluripotent stem cells from adipose tissuederived stem cells for
dendritic cell-based cancer vaccines]." Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2014, Apr;41(4):467-70
Lin, Y. C., Y. Murayama, et al. "Role of tumor suppressor genes in the cancer-associated reprogramming of human induced
pluripotent stem cells." Stem Cell Res Ther. 2014;5(2):58. Lin, F. K. and Y. L. Chui "Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from
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Reference

18. Thank You