Understanding The Self

1. UNDERSTANDING THE SELF
MODULE # 8

2. UNDERSTANDING AND ENHANCING
ONE’S SELF IMAGE
� CONCEPTS RELATED TO SELF
� DISCREPANCY IN SELF-CONCEPT
� SELF-ESTEEM
� SELF-ACTUALIZATION

3. CONCEPTS RELATED
TO SELF
The self is made up of many self-perceptions, abilities,
and personality characteristics that are organized and
consistent with one another.
Carl Rogers, a psychologist, was the proponent of the Self
Theory.

4. CONCEPTS RELATED
TO SELF
Self Concept
• refers to how people see or describe themselves.
• is the subjective perception of who people are and what they
are like, or “the person who think I am or the person I wish
to be”.

5. CONCEPTS RELATED
TO SELF
People with negative self-concept will behave, think,
and act with pessimism.
People with a positive self-concept tend to act, feel, and
think constructively and optimistically.

6. Real Self
• is the image or picture of the self, based on a person’s actual experiences and
represents how he/she really actually sees himself/herself.
Ideal Self
• is the self, based on one’s hope and wishes. It reflects how one likes to see
himself/herself to be.
CONCEPTS RELATED
TO SELF

7. CONCEPTS RELATED
TO SELF
Be sure that your dreams and desire to enhance your
personality and abilities are rooted in your purpose to help
other people and will, in the long run, contribute to
developing good relationships.

8. DISCREPANCY IN SELF-CONCEPT
Positive regard
• is believed to be important for the healthy
development of one’s self-concept and for
successful interpersonal relationships.
• includes love, sympathy, warmth,
acceptance, and respect which people crave
from family, friends and other people.

9. Conditional positive regard
• refers to positive regard received as a result of acceptable
behavior or living up to the expectations and standards of
others.
Unconditional positive regard
• refers to the love and acceptance received by a person
regardless of who he/she is or what he/she does.
DISCREPANCY IN SELF-CONCEPT

10. SELF-ESTEEM
Personality
• refer to how a person’s sense of self-identity,
relationships with others, and skills necessary for
social-interactions evolve.
Self-identity
• explains how people describe themselves in terms of
values, goals, traits, and perceptions unique to them.

11. SELF-ESTEEM
Self-esteem
• is how much people value themselves and
their worth as persons. It is the level of
importance attributed to oneself and one’s
abilities.

12. SELF-ESTEEM
High self-esteem
• is correlated with healthy social relationships, being
emotionally and socially adjusted, cheerfulness, and
overall happiness.
Low self-esteem
• is associated with negative outcomes like depression,
anxiety, antisocial behavior, and poor personal
adjustment.

13. SELF-ACTUALIZATION
Self-actualization is the final stage in
completed growth.
According to Abraham Maslow, a self-
actualizing person has reached the highest
level or peak of his/her personal development
and has fully realized his/her potential as a
human being.

14. ABRAHAM MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
SELF-
ACTUALIZATION
NEEDS
Morality, creativity,
spontaneity, acceptance,
experience purpose, meaning,
and their potential
SELF-ESTEEM NEEDS
Confidence, achievement, respect from others,
and the need to be a unique individual
LOVE AND BELONINGNESS NEEDS
friendship, family, intimacy, and sense of connection
SAFETY AND SECURITY NEEDS
health, employment, property, family, and social stability
PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS
breathing, food, water, shelter, clothing and sleep

15. Maslow also classified these needs into two
general categories:
Deficiency needs
•Refer to the physiological and
psychological needs
Growth needs
•Those for the higher levels

16. THE END
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