NURSING FOUNDATION

2. THE ROY’S
ADAPTATION
MODEL OF
NURSING
PRESENTED BY:- RAMANPREET KAUR
ROLL NO. - 23
POST BASIC BSC-1ST YEAR

3. INTRODUCTION ABOUT
CALLISTA ROY
 She was Nurse theorist,
writer, lecturer, researcher
and teacher.
 Sister Callista Roy was
born on 14-October-1939.

4. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
 She did her
bachelors of arts in
nursing from mount
St. Mary’s college,
Los Angeles in 1963
and masters of
science in nursing
from ,University of
California , Los
Angeles1966.

5. CONT.....
 She also received her masters of arts(M.A) in
sociology from the same university in 1975
and Ph.D in sociology .
 Roy was an associate professor and
chairperson of the department of nursing at
mount Saint Mary’s college until 1982.

6. CONT.....
 From 1983 to 1985; she was Post
Doctoral fellow at Robert Wood Johnson
at University of California, as a clinical
nurse scholar in neuroscience.
 In 1988 Roy began the newly created
position of graduate faculty at, Boston
school of nursing.

7. CONCEPTS OR MODES OF
ROY’S MODEL
 Physiological
Needs.
 Self-concept group
identity.
 Role Function.
 Interdependent
Relations.

8. CONT......

9. CONT....
All individual must adapt to
the following demands:
1. Meeting basic
physiological needs.
2. Developing a positive
self-concept.
3. Performing social roles.
4. Achieving a balance
between dependence and
interdependence.

10. (1)PHYSIOLOGICAL MODE
Physiological wholeness is achieved by adapting
to changes in physiological needs.
 The regulator coping mechanism is primarily
responsible for attaining and maintaining this
integrity.
 other complex process that influences regulator
activities are the senses, fluids and
electrolytes, neurological function & endocrine
function.

11. CONT....
Five primary needs have
been identified as
necessary for
physiological integrity:
 oxygen,
 nutrition,
 Shelter
 Clothes
 security

12. (2).SELF CONCEPT
MODE
 Self concept is one of the
3 psychosocial modes,
the basic human need
within modes in psychic
integrity,which means
people need to know who
they are so that can exist
with a sense of unity.

13. (3)ROLE FUNCTION MODE
 The basic need in the role function
adaptive model is for social integrity. This
means that people need to know who
they are in relation to others so that they
can act. All people have role in society.
With each role there are expected
behavior .Role have been divided into
primary, secondary and tertiary

14. (4)INTERDEPENDENCE
MODE
Interdependence is a social adaptive mode,
needs affection adequacy or the feeling of
security in nurturing relationships.
Interdependence means the close relationship
of people that involves willingness & ability to
love, respect & value others and to accept &
responds to love, respect and value given by
others.
Loneliness as a common adaptation problem
resulting from a disruption in the modes.

15. Those currently identified needs
are listed below:
(A) BASIC PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS-
 Exercise and rest
 Nutrition
 Elimination
 Fluid and electrolyte
 Oxygen
 Circulations
 Regulations

16. CONT...
(B)SELF CONCEPTS:
 Physical self
 Personal self
 Interpersonal self
(C) ROLE MASTERY:
-Role failure
-Role conflict

17. CONT......
(D)INTERDEPENDENCE:-Alteration , rejection
, aggression , rivalry , hostility , loneliness.
-The aspects of care which are examined in
view of the model are:
 The nature of the people receiving nursing
care.
 Cause of problems likely to require nsg
intervention.
 Nature of assessment

18. CONT...
 Nature of planning and goal setting
process
 The focus of nursing interventions during
the implementation of the nursing care
plan
 The nature of the process of evaluating
the quality of effects of the care given.

19. CONT.....
IT IS ROLE OF NURSE:-
 To find out demands which
are causing problems for a
client.
 To assess how well the client
is adapting to them. Nursing
care is then directed at
helping the client to adopt.

20. ASSUMPTIONS OF THIS
MODEL
The Adaptive Model makes
following assumptions:-
 The person is a bio-
psycho-social being.
 The person is in constant
interaction with a changing
environment.

21. CONT....
 To cope with a changing world, a person
uses coping mechanisms, both innate
and acquired, which are biological,
psychological, and social in origin.
 Health and illness are inevitable
dimensions of a person’s life.
 In order to respond positively to
environmental changes, a person must
adapt.

22. CONT.....
 A person’s adaptation is a function of the
stimulus he is exposed to and his
adaptation level.
 The person’s adaptation level is such that
it comprises a zone indicating the range
of stimulation that will lead to a positive
response.

23. CONT....
 The person has four modes of
adaptation: physiologic needs, self-
concept, role function, and
interdependence.
 Nursing accepts the humanistic approach
of valuing others’ opinions and
perspectives. Interpersonal relations are
an integral part of nursing.

24. METAPARADIGM
METAPARADIGM
PERSON
NURSING
ENVIRONMENT
HEALTH

25. PERSON
The person is the human
adaptive system ; defined
as ‘ a whole with parts
that function as a unity
for some purpose.
Human system include
people, group,
Organizations,
communities, and society
as a whole’

26. CONT....
 Health-health has been
defined as a “state and
process of being and
becoming an integrate and
whole person’’ Health is a
process where by individuals
are striving to achieve their
maximum potentials.

27. ENVIRONMENT
 Environment is specifically
defined by Roy as “all conditions,
circumstances influences
surrounding and affecting the
development and behavior of
persons and groups.
 It has three components(stimuli):-
-focal(internal and external)
-contextual
-residual

28. NURSING
 Nursing is the theoretical
system of knowledge that
prescribes a process of
analysis and action related to
the care of the ill persons.
 It is the science and practice
that expands adaptive abilities
and enhance person and
environmental trasformation.

29. CONT.......
 The nursing process
acc. to Roy’s model
consists of six steps-
(1)Acceptance of behavior
(2)Acceptance of stimuli
(3)Nursing diagnosis
(4)Goal setting
(5)Intervention
(6)Evaluation

30. COPING MECHANISMS
 some coping mechanisms are inherited
or genetic such as white blood defense
system against bacteria seeking to
invade the body.
 some are learned as use of antiseptics

31. CONT.........
MECHANISMS ARE OF 2 TYPES:
(1)Regulator is used primarily as a mechanism
to cope with physiological stimuli.
(2)Cognator used mainly as mechanism to cope
with psychological stimuli dealing primarily in
area of cognition, judgment and emotion.
-Regulator and cognator mechanisms are linked
through the process of perception.

32. NURSING PROCESS
The Adaptation Model includes a six-step
nursing process:-
 The first level of assessment, which
addresses the patient’s behaviour.
 The second level of assessment,
which addresses the patient’s stimuli.
 Diagnosis of the patient.

33. CONT.....
 Setting goals for the patient’s
health
 Intervention to take actions in
order to meet those goals
 Evaluation of the result to
determine if goals were met

34. PROPOSITIONS
 Nursing promotes adaptive
response.
 Nursing decreases ineffective
responses.
 Nursing enhances interaction which
promotes adaptation.

35. WEAKNESSES
 Inadequate definition of concepts and
terms.
 Complete implementation of the model is
perceived as the time consuming.

36. APPLICATIONS
This theory is valuable in clinical
practice , part of foundations of
nursing practice, can be easily applied
in many clinical situations.
The theory is integrated in nursing
curriculum , workshops.
It provides direction to the nurses in
many clinical settings.

37. CONT.....
It follows the nursing
process to help the
patient adapt to the
situation with changing
environment.
It is used as foundation
for theory development
and also used with other
theories.

38. SUMMARIZATION
 INTRODUCTION
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
 CONCEPT OR MODES
 ASSUMPTIONS
 METAPARADIGM
 COPING MECHANISM
 NURSING PROCESS
 PROPOSITIONS
 WEAKNESS
 APPLICATIONS