The document discusses several regional political parties across different states in India. It provides background information on their formation, objectives, and key leaders. Some of the regional parties mentioned include: - Akali Dal in Punjab which fought for Sikh autonomy and a separate Sikh state. - Dravidian parties in Tamil Nadu like DMK and AIADMK which opposed Hindi imposition and promoted Tamil nationalism and identity. - TMC in West Bengal formed by Mamata Banerjee and other left-leaning regional parties with bases in the state. - BJD in Odisha formed by Naveen Patnaik to continue his father Biju Patnaik's vision and development

1. GROUP MEMBERS: Rajat Singh Bisht, Prince, Sushovan Das, Sushil Kumar,
Rakshit.

2. Regional party is a recognized political party with its sphere of influence which extends to
the region where it operates. These party generally fight on regional autonomy, cultural
pride and safeguarding indigenous people’s interest.
Conditions required to be declared as a regional party
The recognized political party gets symbol as per the criteria listed in ‘The Election Symbols
(Reservation and Allotment) Order, 1968’.
The criteria to become a State party (Regional parties).
• The Party must win 6% votes in state legislative assembly.
and
• The Party must win at least 2 seats in state legislative assembly.

3. People democratic Party National Conference
• After Independence the people of Jammu and Kashmir wanted to be Independent but in June of 1947
Sardar Muhammad Ibrahim who had studied in Lahore university tapped the resentment in people of Poonch
which was due to high taxes and massive unemployment during Maharaja rule. The Poonch rebellion led to the
formation of Azad Jammu and Kashmir(AJK). The Invading tribesmen of Pakistan snatched Gilgit and AJK.
• Jammu and Kashmir was incorporated in India on 26th October 1947 after the instrument of accession was
signed between India and Maharaja Hari Singh.
• India has fought Four wars over Kashmir (1947,1965,1971 and 1999) and On March 18 1948 UN resolution on
Kashmir was tabled by Republic of China( Later came to be Known as Resolution 47).
• Jammu and Kashmir have three major regional parties PDP( Founded by Mufti Mohammed Sayeed), NC
(founded by Sheikh Abdullah and Chaudhry Ghulam Abbas) and JKPP (Founded by Harsh Dev Singh, Bhim
Singh and Jay mala).

4. • PDP and NC are Kashmir Valley based party they demand greater autonomy for Kashmir and in the past
have called for plebiscite, JKPP party is Jammu based it’s objective was to focus on the development of Jammu
region.
• Jammu and Kashmir didn’t have fair election till 1980’s but in 1987 the systematic election rigging by Indian
establishment led to the loss of faith in the Indian democracy by many people of J&K.
• The political Instability and widespread resentment against India in 1970’s led to the formation of JKLF(
Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front) which advocated for independence from both Indian and Pakistan
Occupation.
• After election rigging of 1987 the Pakistani backed militia Hizbul Mujahedeen became active in the valley,
Kashmiri pandit exodus took place. AFSPA was implemented to control the situation and after 30 years of
bloody insurgency many observer feel Kashmir insurgency is in its last phase.
• Due to Human rights violation, Fake encounter and killing of militants have sparked widespread protest after
1990’s. Many in valley still mourn hanging of Afzal guru.
• Political Parties of Kashmir are fighting for Article 370 which gave special land rights to subject of J&K, the
J&K State was bifurcated into two union territory and their was a internet blockade of nearly 2 years in the
valley.
• All the regional party demand for restoration of statehood in J&K and assembly election.

5. PUNJAB
• Punjab province during independence was partitioned into West Punjab(Pakistan) and East Punjab(India).
The Akali dal was formed on 14th December 1920 and won 22 seats in provincial election of 1946.
• The Sikh delegation opposed the partition of India, many of them demanded a separate Sikh State with its
capital at Lahore and The Central Akali Dal representing nationalist opinion was led by Baba Kharak Singh.
• In the 1950 Punjabi Suba movement was started by the Akali dal which demanded a state with majority of
Punjabi speaking people, out of undivided East Punjab under the leadership of Sant Fateh Singh.
• In 1966, the East Punjab province was split into Himachal Pradesh, Haryana and Punjab . In Punjab
Akali Dal came to power in March 1967, but early governments didn't live long due to internal conflicts
and power struggles within the party. Later, party strengthened and government completed its full term.
• Some radical element in Akali dal floated the demand of Khalistan they wanted greater autonomy for
Sikhs, Pakistan cultivated animosity between Indian Sikhs and Hindus which led to insurgency in
Punjab.

6. • The militancy was uprooted by operation Blue star in 1985 and in late 1990’s the insurgency was over.
• Punjab has been cursed with drug addiction and reducing farm productivity many parties had assured to
change situation but AAP gained a lot of ground in Punjab due to its progressive poll manifesto.

7. DELHI
 Delhi in 1911 was announced to be the capital of British-held territories in India and was transferred from
Calcutta.
 The Constitution (Sixty-ninth Amendment) Act, 1991 declared the Union Territory of Delhi to be formally
known as the National Capital Territory of Delhi. The Act gave Delhi its own legislative assembly along
Civil lines, though with limited powers.
 AAP took birth from Anna Hazare movement and won back to back three elections. AAP was founded by
Arvind Kejriwal to enter politics with a fresh approach.
 They had a very progressive approach, their policies towards education and poor upliftment helped them
win three elections.
 AAP government new approach to politics brought real issues in mainstream political discourse.

8. Uttarakhand Kranti Dal
 Uttarakhand was formerly a part of Uttar Pradesh. The UKD was established on 26 July 1979
by Bipin Chandra Tripathi, Prof. Devi Datt Pant, Indramani Badoni and Kashi Singh Airy at Nanital to fight
for a separate state composed of the hill districts of Uttar Pradesh.
 Kashi Singh Airy who took the charge of struggle and public agitation and the aim was finally
achieved, when the separate Uttaranchal state was formed on 9 November 2000, later
renamed Uttarakhand in 2007. They were able to get 4 seats out of 70 in 2007 assembly election.
 Later party had fragmentation and UKD went into oblivion in 2017 election.
 BJP and Congress are now the main parties in the hill state.

9. TAMIL NADU
 Tamil Nadu was incorporated in India and it had a very rich culture.
 Periyar wanted to achieve a society where the backward castes would have Human rights equal to the
upper class and also encourage the backward castes to have self-respect in the caste-based society that
considered them to be at the lower end in the caste hierarchy.
 E.V. Ramaswamy (who was fondly called as Periyar by his devoted followers) was a politician, social
activist, and a thinker who was way ahead of his time. The Self-Respect Movement is also called as
the Dravidian Movement.

10.  This led to the foundation of Dravidian parties who kept religion and politics away from each other.
They DMK initially wanted greater autonomy for Tamil Nadu, they opposed imposition of Hindi and
promoted Tamil Nationalism.
 AIADMK (Founded by M. G. Ramachandran) and DMK ( founded by Conjeevaram Natarajan
Annadurai) both floated the idea of greater Tamil Nadu which contained parts of North Sri Lanka,
Kerala. Many believe Tamil Nadu government covertly supported LTTE in Sri Lanka.
 The LTTE abandonment by Rajiv Gandhi led to his assassination.
 Celebrity are idealized in Tamil politics and their style of politics is of citizen welfare.

11. WEST BENGAL
 Mamata Banerjee formed her own party of Bengal, the "Trinamool Congress", which was registered with the Election
Commission of India during mid-December 1999. All India Trinamool Congress (abbreviated AITC or TMC; translation: All India
Grassroots Congress) is an Indian national political party mostly active in West Bengal.
 The All India Forward Bloc (AIFB) is a left-wing nationalist political party in India. It emerged as a faction within the Indian
National Congress in 1939, led by Subhas Chandra Bose. The party re-established as an independent political party after the
independence of India. It has its main stronghold in West Bengal. The party's current Secretary-General is Debabrata Biswas.
Veteran Indian politicians Sarat Chandra Bose (brother of Subhas Chandra Bose) and Chitta Basu had been the stalwarts of the
party in independent India.

12.  Revolutionary Socialist Party was formed in March 1940, largely as a political manifestation of
the Anushilan Samiti or the Liberation Movement in Bengal. It also draws its roots from the
Hindustan Socialist Republican Army. The youth who were members of the Anushilan Samiti
took active part in reading Marx-Lenin manuscripts, and were jailed a number of times for
being radical freedom fighters.

13.  the first regional political party of Orissa named 'Ganatantra Parishad' under the leadership of two powerful ex-rulers; R.N.
Singh Deo of Bolangir-Patna and P.K. Deo of Kalahandi. It was initially known as "Koshala Utkal Praja Parishad of 1948 with its
headquarters at Sambalpur which was later rechristened as 'Ganatantra Parishad' in 1950,a full- fledged state-based party.1The
birth and growth of the Ganatantra Parishad, the first regional party in Orissa, has been a remarkable one. So far as it’s
successful electoral performance is concerned in all the three-general elections of 1952, 1957 and 1961.
 Biju Janata Dal in 1997 under the leadership of Naveen Pattnaik, the younger son of Biju. The party was so named to instill in
the mind of the people of Orissa the charismatic personality of their most popular leader, Biju. In the last week of December
1997, supported by a large number of the then Janata Dal Legislators Of Orissa. the politically 'inexperienced' son of Biju
Pattnaik ,Mr. Naveen Pattnaik took over the leadership of the new party Biju Jananta Dal (BJD).In his initial address he
announced, ''My father had a lot of dreams for Orissa, and to realise those dreams are our goal.

14.  The Assam United Democratic Front (AUDF), presently known as the All India United Democratic Front (AIUDF) is a regional
political party with its base in the state of Assam. The party operates on the political ideology of with more rights to Assam
minority.
 Regionalist political position. It was formed by Maulana Badruddin Ajmal in Assam on October 2, 2005. Through a press meet in
New Delhi, Ajmal officially re-launched the party in other states of India in February 2009. The name change of the party, from
AUDF to AIUDF was made after the Lok Sabha elections in 2009.
 Asom Gana Parishad (AGP) or the Assam People’s Association is a recognized regional political party in India. It is the biggest
opposition The AGP was formed in 1985, due to the signing of the historic Assam Accord in August, same year, following the
peace movement called the Assam Agitation which took place. This movement, which took place for six years, spearheaded by
organizations like All Assam Students Union (AASU) and others, revolted against the illegal infiltration of migrants especially
from Bangladesh

15. Bodoland Peoples Front was formed as political party in year 2005, Hagrama Mohilary and Emmanuel
Mosahary were selected as the President and the General Secretary of the new party. Hagrama
Mohilary formed the first Elected Executive Bodoland Territorial Council after the end of the election.

16.  United Democratic Party (UDP) is a regional political party, in the state of Meghalaya, a north-eastern state of India. The UDP operates
on the political ideology of Regionalism and Populism. The party attempts to revive the glory of the formation years of the state of
Meghalaya, when people lived in peace, prosperity and hope. The United Democratic Party was formed by E.K. Mawlong in the year
1997, with the aim to restore the prestige and glory of the state when it was in its formative years, and to fulfill the aspirations of the
residents of the state for an effective and corruption-free government.
 People's Democratic Front (PDF) is a regional political party in the Indian state of Meghalaya. The PDF was founded in 2017 and is led
by P. N. Syiem and Auspicious L.Mawphlang. Currently, it is part of the North-East Democratic Alliance. The PDP's aim is to improve the
development of the state especially of its tribal people living in it. The two main tribes living in Meghalaya are the Khasi and the Garo:
Khasi consist of sub-tribes including the Khynriam (mostly people from East and West Khasi Hills), Pnar from the Jaintia Hills, Bhoi from
the Ri-Bhoi, and the War from the Southern part of the states, mostly along the borders.

17.  October 2002, the party was known as Nagaland People's Council (NPC). The name of the party was changed from Nagaland
People's Council (NPC) to Nagaland People's Front (NPF) in the Ninth General Convention held at Kohima in October 2002. This
historic decision found wide acceptance among the people of the state, as a popular wish of the state was to modify the
leadership of the state and make it more inclusive.
Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party (NDPP) is a regional political party in the Indian state of Nagaland. Chingwang Konyak is
the president of NDPP. The symbol of the party is a globe. The NDPP was formed by Naga People's Front rebels who supported
former Chief Minister of Nagaland Neiphiu Rio, and split to form the Democratic Progressive Party In October 2017, the DPP
changed its name to 'Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party'.

18.  Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM) (translation: Jharkhand Liberation Front) is a state political party in the Indian state
of Jharkhand which was founded by Binod Bihari Mahato. It has one seat in the 17th Lok Sabha. Shibu Soren is the president of
the JMM. JMM is also an influential political party in the state of Odisha and parts of neighbouring of states. Its election symbol
for Jharkhand is Bow and Arrow The party was officially created on the birthday of Birsa Munda, the 19th century tribal warrior
of Jharkhand, who fought against the British rule in present-day Jharkhand. The State of Jharkhand also came into existence on
Birsa Munda's birthday in 2000.
 Jharkhand People's Party, is a political party in India. It was launched by the radical All Jharkhand Students Union (AJSU) on 30
Dec 1991, at a conference in Ranchi under the leadership of led by Dr. Ram Dayal Munda. AJSU was founded on 22 June 1986.
JPP was reconstituted in 1994, with Dr. Ram Dayal Munda as president and Surya Singh Besra as general secretary. Later a split
occurred JPP and the faction led by Surya Singh Besra retained the name Jharkhand People's Party. The faction led by Sudesh
Mahto started using the name of parent organization - All Jharkhand Students Union.

19.  1) Loksatta Party
 2) All India Majlis-e- Ittehadul Muslimeen(AIMIM) of Asaduddin Owaisi
 3)Telangana Rashtra Samithi(TRS) of K. Chandrashekar Rao
 4) Telgu desam party
 Rama Rao became the 10th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh in 1983, within nine months of the party's formation, thus
forming the first non-Indian National Congress (INC) government in Andhra Pradesh. TDP was the first regional party to become
the main opposition party at the 8th Lok Sabha from 1984 to 1989.
 Since independence the state of Andhra Pradesh has been playing a dominant role in Indian political development. It has
become a trendsetter in Indian political process, thus contributing to political development. Late Sri N. T. Rama Rao, the
founder President of the Telugu Desam Party [TDPJ, served as a catalyst in organizing the non-Congress opposition conclaves in
the eighties. This paved the way for the formation of the National Front Government led by V. P. Singh at Delhi. Thus, for the
first time, some regional parties, including the Telugu Desam Party participated in the Government at the national level and
became active in the national political process, thus contributing to political development

20. 5) YSR Congress Party(YSRCP) of Y. S. Jaganmohan Reddy.
6) Janata Dal (Secular) of H. D. Deve Gowda
As per latest publication from Election Commission of India
Total number of parties registered are 2598
National parties are 8
State party are 52
Unrecognized party are 2538
8 Recognized National political party
1)All india Trinamool congress(AITC)
2)Bahujan Samaj Party(BSP)
3)Bhartiya Janata Party(BJP)
4)Communist party of India(CPI)
5)Communist party of India(Marxist)(CPI-M)
6)Indian National Congress(INC)
7)Nationalist Congress Party(NCP)
8)National People’s Pary(NPP)

21.  1) Shiv Sena
Shiv Sena (Army of Shivaji) is a right-wing Marathi regionalist and ultranationalist political party in India founded in 1966 by
cartoonist Bal Thackeray.
The party has a powerful hold over the Bollywood film industry. It has been referred to as an extremist, chauvinist as well as a
"fascist party".[18][19] Shiv Sena has been blamed for the 1970 communal violence in Bhiwandi, the 1984 Bhiwandi riot, and
violence in the 1992–1993 Bombay riots
Bal Thackeray's son Uddhav Thackeray became the party's leader in 2004. After the death of Bal Thackeray on 17 November
2012, Uddhav became the leader of the party
 2) Nationalist Congress Party (Main leader: Sharad Saheb Pawar)

22.  The NCP was formed on 25 May 1999, by Sharad Pawar, P. A. Sangma, and Tariq Anwar after they were
expelled from the Indian National Congress (INC) on 20 May 1999, for disputing the right of Italian-born Sonia
Gandhi to lead the party
 3) Vanchit Bahujan Aghadi, founded by Prakash Ambedkar
 4) All India Majlis-e Ittihad al-Muslimin (AIMIM) of Asaduddin Owaisi
 5) Maharashtra Navnirman Sena (MNS) of Raj Thackeray

23.  1) Samajwadi Party(SP) of Akhilesh Yadav
 Samajwadi Party was one of several parties that emerged when the Janata Dal fragmented into several regional parties. The
party was founded by Mulayam Singh Yadav in 1992. The Samajwadi Party is now led by former Chief Minister of Uttar
Pradesh Akhilesh Yadav after he was chosen the President on 1 January 2017.
 Muzaffarnagar Case : The clashes between the Hindu and Muslim communities in Muzaffarnagar district on August -
September 2013, resulted in at least 9 deaths and injured 34 after which an indefinite curfew was imposed.
 Akhilesh Yadav warned of strict action against those found guilty. He also blamed a political conspiracy behind these riots.[23]
He also announced jobs to the kin of the people who were killed during the riots
 2) Rashtriya Lok Dal(RLD) of Chaudhary Ajit Singh
 Chaudhary Ajit Singh is the founder and the president of the party. He is carrying on the political legacy of his father and
former Prime Minister of India, Chaudhary Charan Singh and the original Lok Dal. It was founded in 1996

24. 1)Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation CPI(ML)L of Dipankar Bhattacharya.
CPI (ML) Liberation is a political party that was reorganised in Bihar during the Bhojpur Movement after the death of Charu Majumdar
and disintegration of the CPI(ML). It has presence in several states of the country namely Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand,
Punjab, West Bengal, Delhi, Rajasthan, Odisha, Karnataka, Assam and Tamil Nadu. It was founded in 1974. Now it is led by Dipankar
Bhattacharya.
2) Janata Dal (United) of Nitish Kumar.
Janata Dal (United) is a centre-left Indian political party with political presence mainly in eastern and north-eastern India. JD(U) is
recognised as a state party in the states of Bihar and Arunachal Pradesh and is a part of government in Bihar. JD(U) heads the
government in Bihar and is the second largest party in Arunanchal Pradesh. JD(U) won 16 seats in the 2019 Indian general election,
making it the seventh largest party in the Lok Sabha. The party operates on the ideologies of socialism, secularism and integral
humanism.
The Janata Dal (United) was formed with the merger of the Sharad Yadav faction of the Janata Dal, the Lok Shakti Party and the Samta
Party on 30 October 2003. Janata Dal (United)'s party mentor and patron is the veteran socialist leader George Fernandes.

25. 3) Lok Janshakti Party of Chirag Paswan
4) Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) of Tejashwi Yadav
5) Rashtriya Lok Samta Party(RLSP) of Upendra Kushwaha

26. Alliance
 India has a history of party alliance and breakdown of alliances. However there are three alliances regularly
aligning on a national level in competing for Government positions
 The Three alliances are
 1)National Democratic Alliance(NDA)
 Centre-Right coalition led by Bhartiya Janata Pary(BJP) was formed in 1998 after the election
 2)United Progressive Alliance(UPA)
 Centre-left coalition led by Indian National congress. This alliance was created after the 2004 General
Election, with the Alliance forming the Government
 3)Third Front
 A coalition of parties which do not belong to any of the above camps due to certain issues. The alliance has no
official leading party, and smaller parties often enter and leave the alliance according to political convenience.
 Chaallenges of Polictical party
 1)Lack of internal democracy
 2)Dynastic succession
 3)Money and muscle power
 4)Lack of meaningful choice the voters

27. How can be Parties Reformed ?
Anti Defection Law: MLAs or MPs cannot change their parties after the election. This
was done because many elected representatives were indulging in defection in order to
become ministers for cash rewards.
Affidavit: The Supreme court passed an order to reduce the influence of money and
criminals
Now it is mendatory for every candidate who contests election to file an affidavit giving
details of his property and criminal cases pending against him. But there is no system to
check that the information given by him is correct or not.
Steps taken by the Election Commision: The election commission passed an order
making it necessary for political parties to hold their organizational election and file
their income tax returns.

28.  Kerala Congress was a regional political party formed
from the central Kerala units of the Indian National
Congress. It was formed by a group of pro - P. T.
Chacko legislators led by K. M. George in 1964.
 Kerala Congress (M) is a state-level political party in the
Indian state of Kerala currently led by chairman Jose K.
Mani.
It was formed in 1979, after a split from the Kerala
Congress by K. M. Mani. They are part of Left Democratic
Front (Kerala) since October 2020.
The party is now dissolved into many other parties such as Kerala
Congress(M),
Kerala Congress (Jacob), Kerala Congress (B), Kerala Congress (Joseph),
Kerala Congress (Nationalist), etc.

29. Indian Union Muslim League is an
Indian political party primarily based in
the Indian state of Kerala. It is
recognized by the Election Commission
of India as a State Party.
Janadhipathya Samrakshana Samithi is a
political party in the Indian state of Kerala.
The party was formed in 1994 when the
CPI(M) leader K.R. Gowri Amma was expelled
from Communist Party of India (Marxist).
She is the widow of the Communist Party of
India leader T. V. Thomas.

30. Goa Forward Party (GFP) is a regional
political party in the western coastal
Indian state of Goa, led by Vijai
Sardesai.
Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party (MGP)
was Goa's first ruling party after the end of
Portuguese colonial rule in 1961
United Goans Democratic Party (UGDP) is one of two
formerly dominant political parties in the Indian state
of Goa. UGDP has its base amongst the Christian part of
the population. It was founded in 1983 by Churchill Alemao.

31. Indian National Lok Dal (INLD) is a political party in India,
in the state of Haryana. INLD was founded in October 1996
as Haryana Lok Dal (Rashtriya) by Choudhary Devi Lal,
who served as Deputy Prime Minister of India in the V.P.
Singh's Cabinet and Chief Minister of Haryana twice.
Jannayak Janta Party is an Indian state-level
political party
in Haryana, was founded on 9 December 2018 by Dushyant
Chautala with the ideology of Devi Lal.
In the past, various parties such as Haryana Vikas
Party (HVP), Haryana Janhit Congress (BL) (HJC-BL), Vishal Haryana
Party (VHP) among others have been influential in the state.

32. All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam is
an Indian regional political party in the state of Tamil
Nadu and union territory of Puducherry.
It is a dravidian party founded by M. G.
Ramachandran (M.G.R) at Madurai on 17 October
1972 as a breakaway faction of the Dravida Munnetra
Kazhagam.
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam is a political party in
India, particularly in the state of Tamil Nadu and
union territory of Puducherry.
It is a Dravidian party, adhering to the social democratic and social
justice principles of C. N. Annadurai and Periyar E. V. Ramasamy. It was
founded in 1949 by Annadurai as a breakaway faction from the Dravidar
Kazhagam (known as Justice Party until 1944) headed by Periyar E. V.
Ramasamy.

33. Naam Tamilar Katchi is a Tamil nationalist party in the Indian state
of Tamil Nadu and Puducherry. This party's main idol is V.
Prabhakaran and his picture is found in all events of the party.
Paattali Makkal Katchi is a political party in the Indian state
of Tamil Nadu and Puducherry, founded by S. Ramadoss in 1989
as a political outfit for the Vanniyars (OBC). It is currently part
of the National Democratic Alliance (NDA).

34. Ladakh was created as separate union territory in 2019 with
celebrations in Leh.
 Major political parties are Indian National Congress, Bharatiya
Janata Party, National Conference, Bahujan Samaj Party, Aam Aadmi
Party.
The Indian National Congress (INC), the Bharatiya Janata
Party (BJP), and the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) are the three most
dominant parties in the state. In the past, various parties such
as Janata Party (JP), Janata Dal (JD), Swatantra
Party, CPIM, Bharatiya Jana Sangh (BJS) and Ram Rajya
Parishad (RRP) have also been influential.

35.  Bharatiya Tribal Party (BTP) is a political party based in Gujarat, India. The party was formed by
Chhotubhai Vasava in 2017. Election Commission of India has allotted the Auto rickshaw symbol to
BTP under paragraph 10B (2017), order dated on 9 August 2017.[1] Two Bhartiya Tribal Party
(BTP) MLAs withdrew their support from the Congress government in Rajasthan on 11 December
2020.
 Bharatiya Tribal Party (BTP), less than a month old, managed to win two seats in the 2017 Gujarat
Legislative Assembly election. Its founder, Chhotubhai Vasava, is a well-known tribal leader.

36.  NCP was formed on 25 May 1999, by Sharad Pawar, P. A. Sangma, and Tariq Anwar after they were
expelled from the Indian National Congress (INC)is on 20 May 1999, for disputing the right of
Italian-born Sonia Gandhi to lead the party.[7][8][9] At the time of formation of the NCP, the Indian
Congress (Socialist) party merged with the new party.[10]Despite the NCP being founded on
opposition to the leadership of Sonia Gandhi, the party joined the Congress led UPA to form
government of Maharashtra in October 1999. In 2004, the party joined the UPA to form the Indian
Government led by Manmohan Singh. NCP leader, Sharad Pawar served as the Minister of
Agriculture for both five-year terms of Singh led government. The party remained part of the
Congress led Maharashtra state government until 2014.

37.  The Manipur Peoples Party (MPP) is a political party in the Indian state of Manipur. MPP was
founded on 26 December 1968 by a group of dissidents from the Indian National Congress. At the
February 2007 Manipur state elections, the party received 5 of the 60 seats. [1]Currently it is a part
of North-East Regional Political Front consisting of political parties of the northeast which has
supported the National Democratic Alliance (India)
People's Democratic Alliance is a political party in Manipur, India. The President and Leader of the
party is Bd. Behring Anal. It is recognised as State Party in Manipur by the Election Commission of
India.

38. Maoist Communist Party of Manipur (MCPM) was formed in August 2011 after amended its constitution in
accordance with Marxism–Leninism–Maoism and decided to take up M–L–M as the party's guiding ideology.
After the party's first conference which was held in the North-East, the party issued a statement declaring that
the MCPM has decided to carry out the New Democratic Revolution and would conduct the protracted people's
war in collaboration with the other "Maoist revolutionary parties.

39.  Indigenous Peoples Front of Tripura (IPFT)
 It is a regional political party in Tripura, India.
 It is a member of the North-East Democratic Alliance
 and North-East Regional Political Front, a group of political parties of the northeast that supports the National Democratic
Alliance (India).
 The party existed from 1997 to 2001 until it was merged into the Indigenous Nationalist Party of Tripra (INPT), and reformed
in 2009.
 The party is allied with BJP in the 2018 Tripura Legislative Assembly election and won 8 seats out of 9 contested seats. The
party got 7.5% of the total votes polled.
 The BJP got 36 seats and with a total of 44 seats the BJP-IPFT coalition have two-thirds majority at the Legislative Assembly.

40.  Mizo National Front (MNF)
 The Mizo National Front (abbreviated MNF) is a regional political party in Mizoram, India.
MNF emerged from the Mizo National Famine Front, which was formed by Pu Laldenga to
protest against the inaction of the Indian central Government towards the famine situation in
the Mizo areas of the Assam state in 1959.

41.  Sikkim Krantikari Morcha (SKM)
 Sikkim Krantikari Morcha (translation: Sikkim Revolutionary Front) is a political party in the Indian state of Sikkim which
was the ruling party of Sikkim in 2020. P.S. Golay, started the party Sikkim Krantikari Morcha on 4 February 2013. Golay
became the Chief Minister of Sikkim on 28 May 2019, thus ending the 25-year-rule of Chamling.
 Sikkim Democratic Front
 Sikkim Democratic Front (SDF) is a regional political party in the Indian state of Sikkim. It was the ruling party
in Sikkim from 12 December 1994 to 23 May 2019.founded by Pawan Kumar Chamling in 1993.

42.  People's Party of Arunachal (PPA)
 Peoples Party of Arunachal, a regional political party in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. It was founded in
September 1977 by Bakin Pertin, Oken Lego and L. Wanglat as president, Vice President and General Secretary of
the party.
 Currently, Kamen Ringu is the Chairman of the party.
 On 16 September 2016, 43 MLAs from the ruling party, under the CM Pema Khandu, left Indian National Congress to
join People's Party of Arunachal party, in alliance with Bharatiya Janata Party.