Introduction about alloying elements in steel

1. EFFECT OF ALLOYING
ELEMENTS IN STEEL
(Mn, Si, Cr, Mo, V, Ti, Pb, Cu, Al & W)

2. MANGANESE (Mn)
• Alloy Elements in the STEELS: 0.3 – 2%
• EFFECTS:
– Increase the Strength and Hardness.
– Increases hardenability
– Lower the critical temperature range
– Promotes an AUSTENTIC Structure
• APPLICATIONS:
– up to 2% manganese- Shafts, Gears, and connecting
rod

3. SILICON (Si)
• Alloy Elements in the STEELS: 2%
• EFFECTS:
– Improve the electrical and magnetic properties
– Improves Oxidation resistance
– Strengthened the low alloy steels
– Increases Hardanebility
• APPLICATIONS:
– Transformer cores, IC engine valves( high temperature
reistance)

4. CHROMIUM (Cr)
• Alloy Elements in the STEELS: 0.3 – 4%
• EFFECTS:
– Increase the corrosion and oxidation resistance.
– Increases hardenability
– Increases high temperature strength
– Resist abrasion and wear
• APPLICATIONS:
– Medium & high carbon steels for gears , Axles, Shafts,
Springs, Ball bearings, Metal working rolls.

5. MOLYBDENUM (Mo)
• Alloy Elements in the STEELS: 0.1 – 0.5%
• EFFECTS:
– Improve high temperature creep resistance
– Reduces temper brittleness
– Stabilizes carbides
– Increases hardenability
• APPLICATIONS:
– High speed Tool steels, and creep resistance steels.

6. VANADIUM (V)
• Alloy Elements in the STEELS: 0.1 – 0.3%
• EFFECTS:
– Stabilizes carbides
– Raises the softening temperature of hardened steels
– Increase strength while retaining Ductility
– Promotes fine Grain size.
• APPLICATIONS:
– High speed steels

7. COPPER (Cu)
• Alloy Elements in the STEELS: 0.2-0.5%
• EFFECTS:
– Increases strength and corrosion resistance
• APPLICATIONS:
– Corrosion resistance in Architectural steels