Role of Sulphur in Oilseed Crops - By Rahul Raj Tandon (IGKV Raipur, C.G)

1. A PRESENTATION ON
ROLE OF SULPHUR IN OILSEED CROPS
PRESENTATION TO PRESENTATION BY
Dr. V.K.SINGH Rahul Raj Tandon
(Dept. of Agronomy) (M.Sc. Ag. Prev.)
(Dept. of Agronomy)
COURSE TITLE : MASTER SEMINAR
COURSE NO : AGRON-591
CREDIT HOURS : 1(0+1)

2. TOPIC
• 1. INTRODUCTION
• 2. IMPORTNAT
• 3. CONSUMPSTION IN INDIA
• 4. FERTILIZER DOSE AND EFFECT OF CROPS
• 5. ROLE OF SULPHUR IN OILSEED CROPS
• 6. WHY DO PLANT NEED SULPHUR
• 7. COMMEN FERTILIZER S%
• 8. REASION FOR SULPHUR DEFICINCY IN SOIL.
• 9. LOSSES OF SULPHUR FROM SOIL
• 10. S % DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS IN CROPS
• 11. CONCLUSION
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3. 3
Introduction
 Essentiality of sulphur was established in 1911 by Peteson.
 Sulphur is now rightly called the fourth major plant
nutrient next to N, P and K.
 S content in oilseeds is 1.1 per cent, 0.3 per cent in pulses
and 0.2 per cent in cereals.
 Sulphur is a key nutrient for oil seed production because in
the plants, sulphur takes parts in the formation of oils,
proteins and glucosides and the sulphahydral linkage which
provide the source of pungency in mustard oil.
 It is also a structural constituent of chlorophyll, vitamins
and metabolism of carbohydrates.

4. ANNUAL UPTAKE OF S {TONES} BY CROP GRON IN INDIA
AT ESTIMATED AT 1.2 MILLION TONES
CEREAL @ 3.5 Kg S/t
Pulses @ 7 kg S/t
Oilseed @ 10 kg S/t
{Source: DOR – Vision 2030}
Common oilseed crops of India
Groundnut, Rapeseed-Mustard, Niger. Sunflower. Sesamum.
Soyabean. Caster. Linseed.
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5.  Yield increases due to S application in FAO
sulphur network trials (Biswas and Tewatia,
1991).
5
Oilseed
crops
no. Of
trail
Yield
Without
S (kg/ha)
10 20 30
Yield
respons
e kg/kg
S at 30
kg S
Mustard 6 774 7.8 18.2 25.7 6.6
Groundn
ut
5 2224 6.5 22.4 26.2 19.4
Soybean 5 1244 15.8 25.6 28.1 11.6
% yield increase due to kg S/ha

6. 6
S.N OILSEED
CROPS
FERTILIZER DOSE {Kg}/Hac. WITHOUT S
FERTILIZER
OIL %
WITH S
FERTILIZER
OIL %
1 GROUND
NUT
48-50 53.3-55
2 RAPESEE
D AND
MUSTAR
D
40-42 48-50
3 SOYBEA
N
15-18 20-22
4 SESAMU
M
45-49 50-53
N P K S
20 60 60 15-30
40 60 80 20-30
80
40
13-15
60
40
40
2-5
50
FAO .fertilizer and plant nutrition guiede.2010.
Effect in Oilseed crop application of fertilizer S

7. Role Sulphur in Plant
Growth and
Developmentole
 Formation of chlorophyll that permits
photosynthesis through which plants
produce starch, sugars, oils, fats,
vitamins and other compounds.
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8. Synthesis of oils. This is why
adequate sulphur is so crucial for
oilseeds
Activation of enzymes, which aid in
biochemical reactions in the plant
Increases crop yields and improves
produce quality, both of which
determine the market price a farmer
would get for his produce.
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9. Critical levels of S in plants
 Groundnut 0.20 % S in leaves. {Cheema and
Arora,1984}
 Groundnut 0.18 % S in leaves . { Supakamnerd
et al,1990}
 Groundnut 0.24% S in leaves. { Singh, 1991}
 Rapeseed mustard 0.21% S N:S of 15.5.
{Pasricha et al, 1988}
 Rapeseed mustard 0.18% S leaves. { Mehta
et al., 1988}
 Soybean 0.19% S in leaves at 60 days. { Bansal
et al., 1983}
 Soybean 0.14% S in leaves at 50 days {Shinde,
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10. 10
 Why do plants need of sulphur ?
.It is required for the synthesis of the S
containing amino acids cystein, cystine
and methionine and for protein synthesis.
It activates certain proteolytic enzymes
such as papainase and synthesis of
papain.
. It is a constituent of certain vitamins

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It is present in the crops like onion, mustard, cabbage
and cauliflower as polysulfides
It increases oil content of crops like flax, soybean,
groundnut etc
Indirect nutritive value as soil
amendments,(calcareous and saline alkali soils
Disulfide linkages have been associated with the
structure of proteins.

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APPROXIMATE SULPHUR CONTENT
IN COMMON FERTILIZER
Fertilizers / Soil amendment Sulphur %
• Ammonium sulphate 24
• Ammonium sulphate nitrate 12
• Single super phosphate 10-12
• Amonium phosphate sulphate 15
• Potassium sulphate 17-18
• Gypsum 18.6
• Zine sulphate 10
• Copper sulphate 12.8
Source : Soil science manure and fertilizer 2000 by Dr. Vinay Singh

13.  SULPHUR CONTENT OF ORGANIC MANURE
Manure S (%)
Farmyard manure 0.02
Poultry manure 2.56
Vermicompost 0.05
Sewage sludge 1.51
Pressmud 0.36
13
Reddy, S.R.2005. Principles of Agronomy

14. REASONS FOR SULPHUR DEFICIENCY IN SOIL
 Use of sulphur free fertilizer such as Urea, DAP, MOP.
 Decrease in the use of organic manure such as FYM,
green manuring, compost etc.
Use of high yielding varietie.
 Leaching losse.
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15. 15
Crop removal
Leaching
Volatilization Soil erosion

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Deficiency symptoms in plants
 The S deficiency causes production of pale green,
yellowish green or complete yellow colouration of
the leaves.
 The S deficiency resemble those of N, but appear
first on younger leaves due to its lesser mobility in
plant than N.
 The older leaves do not die as a result of S
deficiency, as they do in case of N deficiency.

17. 17
Groundnut
 Young plants are smaller than normal,
pale and more erect from the petiole than
normal plants .
 Nodulation and pod formation is
restricted and maturity of seeds is
delayed.

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MUSTARD
 Leaves show a general overall chlorosis
while, still retaining some green colour.
 The veins and petioles show a very
distinct reddish colour.
 The visual symptoms of sulphur
deficiency are very similar to the chlorosis
found in nitrogen deficiency.

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 New leaves continue to remain
pale-yellowish green
 Size of leaves and length of
internodes is reduced
 Chlorosis starts from leaf margins
and spreads inwards.
 Under severe deficiency, leading to
premature leaf fall, reduced
flowering and fruiting

20. SESAMUM
Growth is retarded, leaves are smaller and fully
emerged leaves first turn paleand then golden
yellow, So itreduces number of flowers and
pods, hence yield is reduced. GOLDEN
YELLOW
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Sunflower
Leaves and inflorescence
(flowers) become pale.
Plants are smaller with shorter
internodes than normal
Number and size of leaves
remains small.

22. Application of sulphur in oilseed crops through
different sources results in higher yield and high
oil content over a control.
The average improvement in yield of different
oilseed crops vary from 10 to 40 per cent due to
application of 30-60 kg sulphur/ha.
Among different sources of sulphur, gypsum is
the cheapest
source and most abundantly available.
The overall result indicated that sulphur play a
vital role in
improving yield and quality of oilseeds.
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