Electrical Substation

1. SUBSTATION & IT’S EQUIPMENTS
A PRESENTATION ON SUMMER TRAINING TAKEN
SUBMITTED TO:
CHANDAN BASNIWAL
HEAD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
SUBMITTED BY:
ARPIT MEHRA
II YEAR, EE

2. CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 WHAT IS SUBSTATION?
 SUBSTATION EQUIPMENT
 DESIGNING
 CONCLUSION

3. I N T R O D U C T I O N
SUBSTATION SERVE AS SOURCES OF
QUALITY ENERGY SUPPLY FOR THE
LOCALAREA OF DISTRIBUTION IN
WHICH THESE ARE LOCATED.
THEIR MAIN FUNCTIONS ARE TO
RECEIVE ENERGY TRANSMITTED AT
HIGH VOLTAGE FROM THE
GENERATING STATION, REDUCE THE
VOLTAGE TO A VALUE APPROPRIATE
FOR LOCAL DISTRIBUTION AND
PROVIDE FACILITIES FOR SWITCHING.

4. WHAT IS SUBSTATION ?
• THE ASSEMBLY OF APPARATUS USED
TO CHANGE SOME
CHARACTERISTICS (VOLTAGE, AC
TO DC, FREQUENCY, POWER FACTOR
ETC.) OF ELECTRICAL SUPPLY IS
CALLED SUBSTATION.

5. POWER TRANSFORMER
SUBSTATION EQUIPMENT
A TRANSFORMER IS A
DEVICE THAT
TRANSFERS ELECTRICAL
ENERGY FROM ONE
CIRCUIT TO ANOTHER
THROUGH INDUCTIVELY
COUPLED CONDUCTORS.

6. INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMER
CT & CVT
CT-IT IS USED FOR PROVIDING SMALL
REPRESENTATIVE CURRENT OF
PRIMARY SYSTEM FOR METERING AND
PROTECTION APPLICATIONS.
CVT- IT IS USED FOR PROVIDING SMALL
REPRESENTATIVE VOLTAGE OF PRIMARY
SYSTEM FOR METERING AND
PROTECTION APPLICATIONS.
CT CVT

7. BUS BAR
BUS BAR IS A THICK STRIP
OF COPPER OR ALUMINUM
THAT CONDUCTS
ELECTRICITY WITHIN A
SWITCHBOARD,
DISTRIBUTION BOARD,
SUBSTATION OR OTHER
ELECTRICAL APPARATUS.

8. ISOLATOR
AN ISOLATOR SWITCH IS
USED TO MAKE SURE
THAT AN ELECTRICAL
CIRCUIT IS COMPLETELY
DE-ENERGIZED FOR
SERVICE OR
MAINTENANCE.

9. RELAYS
A RELAY IS AN ELECTRICALLY
OPERATED SWITCH. MANY
RELAYS USE AN ELECTROMAGNET
TO OPERATE A SWITCHING
MECHANISM MECHANICALLY,
BUT OTHER OPERATING
PRINCIPLES ARE ALSO USED.

10. CIRCUIT BREAKER
A CIRCUIT BREAKER IS AN
AUTOMATICALLY OPERATED
ELECTRICAL SWITCH
DESIGNED TO PROTECT AN
ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT FROM
DAMAGE CAUSED BY
OVERLOAD OR SHORT
CIRCUIT.

11. REACTOR
IT IS SIMILAR IN
APPEARANCE AS
TRANSFORMER AND
USED FOR ABSORBING
THE REACTIVE POWER
FROM THE SYSTEM.

12. WAVE TRAP
IT IS AN INDUCTOR HAVING
TUNED LC CIRCUIT, WHICH
IS MAINLY USED FOR PLCC
PURPOSE.

13. LIGHTENING ARRESTORS
A LIGHTNING ARRESTER IS A
DEVICE USED ON ELECTRICAL
POWER SYSTEMS AND
TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS
TO PROTECT THE INSULATION AND
CONDUCTORS OF THE SYSTEM
FROM THE DAMAGING EFFECTS
OF LIGHTNING

14. INSULATORS
INSULATOR FIX AND
ISOLATE THE BUS
BAR SYSTEM.

15. ACTUAL SLD OF SCADA CONTROLLED PGCIL SUB STATION

16. CONCLUSION
SUBSTATION IS THE HEART OF ELECTRIC SUBSTATION IS
THE HEART OF ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM. SO THE DESIGN
POWER SYSTEM. SO THE DESIGN SHOULD BE SUCH THAT IT
WILL SHOULD BE SUCH THAT IT WILL PROVIDE
CONTINUOUS , QUALITY & PROVIDE CONTINUOUS ,
QUALITY & DESIRED POWER WITH SAFETY. DESIRED
POWER WITH SAFETY.