Dental stem cells and regenerative dentistry

1. B Y : R A G A A H M E D B U Z G H A I A
I N T E R N , U N I V E R S I T Y O F B E N G H A Z I -
F A C U L T Y O F M E D I C I N E – D E N T A L
D E P A R T M E N T
L I B Y A
Dental stem cells : an overview
of future dentistry
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by Raga buzghaia

2.  The recent discovery of dental stem cells in 2000 by
a researcher at the National Institutes of Health –
USA , has developed a wide range of possiblities in
the regeneration of the different tissues and organs .
 Researches have been carried out the past years
evolving a new branch in dentistry known as “
regenerative dentistry “
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3. Introduction
 Stem cells are immature, unspecialized cells in the
body that are able to grow into specialized cell types
by a process known as “differentiation.”
 There are two primary sources of stem cells:
embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells.
 Adult stem cells are found in many tissues
including dental pulp .
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4.  It is now known that adult stem cells taken from one
area of the body can be transplanted into another
area and grown into a completely different type of
tissue.
 Dental stem cells are being studied for a wide range
of diseases due to their ability to form connective
, neural , muscle , bone and dental tissues .
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5. History
 2000: Dental pulp stem cells discovered by a researcher
at the National Institutes of Health.
2003: National Institutes of Health announces viable
stem cells are in dental pulp of teeth.
2004 to present: Over 1,000 published studies
identifying therapeutic potential of dental mesenchymal
stem cells.
2008: Surgeons from Spain announced the world’s first
tissue-engineered whole organ transplant
procedure, using a trachea made with the patient’s own
adult mesenchymal stem cells.
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6.  2009: Scientists from Italy announced the first-ever
human clinical application using patients’
own dental stem cells to repair mandibular bone
defects.
 2011 : a study showed that stem cells from teeth can
create islet- like cells which produce insulin ( a
potential therapy for type 1 diabetes ) .
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8.  Dental stem cells are present in various dental
tissues , including both deciduous and permanent
teeth .(periodontal ligament,
Apical papilla, and dental follicle) .
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10. Therapeutic potential
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11.  Pulp and tooth regeneration,
 Repairing craniofacial and Skeletal bone,
 Myocardial infarction (heart attack),
 Tissue ischemia, diabetes, spinal cord
injury,
 Muscular dystrophy, stroke, cornea repair,
 Liver disease, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s
 disease.
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by Raga buzghaia

12.  Studies showed the role of stem cell and guided
tissue regeneration in periodontal treatment , in
making of Bio-tooth , in regenerating pulp like tissue
for regenerative endodontics , in dental implantology
and in regeneration of craniofacial structure .
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by Raga buzghaia

13.  Dental pulp stem cells
stem cells derived from the dental pulp can form
pulp like tissue , in future it is possible to replace
infected pulp tissue of a paining tooth with newly
generated pulp like tissue instead of doing RCT ,thus
preserving the vitality of the tooth “ regenerative
endodotics “ .
It also has the ability to form bone that is useful for
the osseointegration of dental implants, thus
increaseing its success rate .
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14.  Stem cells of Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth
- have higher rate of proliferation
- have potential to form bone which is usefu during
osseointegration of dental implants
- have the potential to repair calvarial defects in
immunocompromised mice .
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15.  Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells
- have potentials of regenerating typical cementum
and periodontal ligament like structure .
- tissue of the periodontium made by stem cell can
be used as a treatment modality to replace the
diseased periodontium around teeth so as
treatment to mobility of teeth .
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by Raga buzghaia

16.  Stem Cells from Apical Papilla
- can only be isolated at certain specific stages of
the development of tooth.
- dental papilla contain higher number of adult
stem cells than mature dental pulp, thus have a
greater potential for regenerating dentin than
DPSCs
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by Raga buzghaia

17.  Dental Follicle Precursor Cells
-dental follicles contain progenitor cells which have
the capability of differentiating into cementum
forming cells (cementoblasts), osteoblasts of the
alveolar bone, and periodontal ligament fibroblasts.
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18. Conclusion
 As the research in this
field continuing on with
promising future , we
may be able – in the near
future – to implant a bio
tooth primordium into a
patient’s gum in the
place of a removed or
lost tooth.
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19.  After implantation, it
would grow, form roots
that would attach
themselves to the
jaw, and eventually erupt
into the mouth after only
few weeks.
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20.  Although many studies have to be conducted
before applying such therapeutic modalities,
the dental stem cells represent a powerful tool
which holds a significant potential for advancement
in the field of regenerative dentistry and medicine.
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21. References
 review article : Therapeutic Potential of Stem cells in Regenerative
Dentistry; a Review of Literature by Rizwan Abdul Rasheed Shaikh.
“ INTERNATIONAL DENTAL JOURNAL OF STUDENT’S RESEARCH| Feb
2013-May 2013| Volume 1| Issue 4 “.
 Review article : Dental Stem Cells and Their Potential Role in Regenerative
Medicine by Mohamed Jamal,, Sami Chogle,
Harold Goodis and Sherif M. Karam .
 www.store-a-tooth.com
 www.dentistryiq.com
 www.dentalaegis.com
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22. 6/23/201322by Raga buzghaia