revier for general science

1. Systematics, or
taxonomy, is the study
of the diversity of life
on Earth. Its goals are
to discover and
describe new
biological diversity and
to understand its
evolutionary and
biogeographic origins
and relationships.

2. • Taxonomy is the branch of biology that deal
with identification, characterization,
classification and naming a newly discovered
organism.
• Identification
It is the step of identifying an organism as plant
,animal, virus or microbe.
• Characterization
It is the study of characters of the newly found
organism.
• Classification
It is the process of assigning various ranks in
the hierarchy for classification.
• Naming
It is the process of given scientific name to an
organism. It is also called binomial
nomenclature.
The 4 basic
components of
taxonomy are –
characterization
, identification,
naming and
classification.

3. The Linnaean system of classification consists of a
hierarchy of groupings, called taxa(singular, taxon).
Taxa range from the kingdom to the species (see Figure
below). The kingdom is the largest and most inclusive
grouping. It consists of organisms that share just a few
basic similarities.
Scientific Names
Scientists use a two-name system called
a Binomial Naming System. Scientists
name animals and plants using the
system that describes the genus and
species of the organism. The first word
is the genus and the second is the
species. The first word is capitalized and
the second is not.
Scientific names are used to describe various species of
organisms in a way that is universal so that scientists
around the globe can readily identify the same animal.
This is called binomial nomenclature, and many of the
scientific names are derived from the Latin name of the
organism. The scientific name is broken down into the
genus name, which comes first, followed by the specific
species name.

4. There are two reasons. For a long
period of time Latin was the language
used by the more educated people. It
was traditional to use Latin in naming
things.
The second, and more important, is
that it is a dead language. It’s use
keeps everything being named in a
similar fashion. This also keeps
everything from being named in the
language of whoever discovered or
invented it.

5. • Innate immunity is the
inborn resistance against
infections that an
individual possesses right
from birth, due to his
genetic or constitutional
markup. Acquired
immunity is the resistance
against infecting foreign
substances that an
individual acquires or
adapts during the course of
life.