IN THIS SLIDE REPRESENTATION WE WILL LEARN ABOUT HOW TO BREAKDOWN STARCH IN GERMINATING GRAM SEEDS.

1. BY: MARIYAM AND QURATULAIN

2. STARCH
 A substance found in
plants. It contains
sugar molecules
joined chemically. It is
found in high levels in
foods such as
potatoes, rice, corn,
and wheat. It may be
used as a dusting
powder, a skin
softener, a filler in
medicine tablets, and
a clothes stiffener.

4. SEED GERMINATION
 When a seed is exposed to
the proper conditions,
water and oxygen are taken
in through the seed coat.
The embryo's cells start to
enlarge. Then, the seed
coat breaks open and the
root emerges first, followed
by the shoot that contains
the leaves and stem.
Sunlight supports the
germination process by
warming the soil.

6. WHAT BREAKS DOWN STARCH DURING SEED
GERMINATION?

Amylase breaks down
starch to maltose,
allowing for the
formation of ATP (via
glucose). The energy
produced in the embryo
is used to facilitate
germination. The
glucose produced may
also be used to
synthesis cellulose - for
cell wall formation.

8. Gram seed

9. Germination of gram seed
 Green gram seeds
germinate fully 2-3 days
after soaking with 1-2
cm long sprouts.
Sprouts attain a length
of about 5 cm or more in
4 to 5 days of soaking.
In most countries, the
standard marketable
sprouts are at least 5
cm long. Sprouts grow
farther, reaching a
length of about 8-9 cm
after 6-8 days of soaking

10. REQUIREMENTS
 GRAM SEED
 MORTAR AND PESTLE
 IODINE SOLUTION
 WATCH GLASSES
 FILTER PAPER
 FUNNEL
 STAND
 COTTON
 WATER BATH
 TEST TUBE STAND
 STARCH
 INCUBATOR

12. PREPARATION
PREPARED STARCH, IODINE,
GERMINATE THE GRAM SEED
IN 2-3 DISHES FILLED WITH
SOIL , TAKE A GERMINATING
SEEDLINGS OF 5 DAYS OLD.

13. PROCEDURE
 1-Take 5 days old germinating gram seedling
with roots.
 2-Grind them in a mortar and pestle.
 3-Collect the paste in test tube.
 4-Shake well ………………..leave it for two
hours…………..
 5-Filter it in another test tube(extract
containing enzyme amylase).
 6-Now take of starch solution and add 5ml of
solution from test tube A.
 7-Plug the test tube with cotton and place it in
INCUBATOR(water bath).

14.  8-Shake it and mark tube B.
 9-Now take 10 watch glasses , put 2-4 drops of
iodine solution in each watch glass.
 10-Take drops from solution of test tube B and
pour in first watch glass.
 The iodine solution(deep yellow) will turn into
dark blue ………….presence of starch.
 11-repeat it with fresh water glass after every
minute(it will be noticed that color get lighter
with the passage of time).
 IT MEANS ALL THE STARCH OF TEST TUBE B
IS CONSUMED.
 It shows that seed contain starch and during
germination this starch is broken down into
glucose by the help of amylase enzyme.

16. ANY QUESTION
YOU MAY
ASK………???????????