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Ciano yadira cora-reynaldo-morales_28nov2011
1. Reynaldo J. Morales Rodriguez
Yadira D. Cora Amaro
Elsa M. Luciano Nunez
Claudia A. Ospina, Ph.D.
Mayra Pagán Ortiz, Ph.D.
2. Family: Zygophyllaceae
Genus: Guaiacum
Species: Officinale
Common name:
Guayacán, Palo Santo,
Lignum Vitae
Distribution: Native to
West Indies and South
America
Historical uses: Gout,
syphilis, arthritis, resin
used to detect blood in
human stool.
3. Family:
Simaroubaceae
Commonly Known
as “aceitillo falso”
Trees of 2-8 meters
Distribution: Plant
endemic of Puerto
Rico (Maricao and
Patillas)
Simarouba tulae
4. Simaroubacea family
Traditional Uses:
Anti-malaria
Anti-feedant
Anti-inflammatory
Anti-leukemic
Anti-viral
Simarouba tulae
5. Metabolites isolated from other species of
Simaroubacea family
• Quassinoids
– Group of highly oxygenated terpenes
– Responsible for its therapeutic properties
– Taxonomic marker
Basic skeleton of a quassinoid C-20
6. To expand to the phytomedicinal knowledge of native
and endemic plants of Puerto Rico and to discover
their chemotaxonomy.
Isolate, purify and identify chemical compounds of
Guaiacum officinale and Simarouba tulae leaves.
Evaluate the cytotoxic activity of pure compounds of
Guaiacum officinale and Simarouba tulae leaves.
12. * All extracts were evaluated at a single dose of 100 μg/mL.
** Results performed by Dr. Marianela Pérez Torres in the UPR-MSC.
*** LC50 values greater than 200 µg/ml are not considered cytotoxic
Plant species Extract LC50 in
µg/mL from
the Brine
Shrimp
Lethality
Test
% of growth inhibition‡ on
various breast cancer cell
lines
MCF-7 ZR-75-1
Guaiacum
oficinale
Crude 26.125 81 80
Hexane 30.765 - -
Chloroform 0.692 91 76
Ethyl Acetate 4.479 - -
Table 1. Cytotoxicity results for Simarouba tulae leaves extracts
14. Table 2. Dry weight for crude extracts and solvent used
for each extraction in the first collection
Plant Extract Extract dry weight
(g) ±0.02
Simarouba tulae Crude 15.0
Hexane 2.33
Chloroform 9.21
Ethyl acetate 0.90
15. Table 3. Cytotoxicity results for Simarouba tulae leaves extracts
against Artemia Salina test
Simarouba tulae
Extract
Artemia Salina Test
LC50 value in µg/mLᶱ
Crude 2
Hexane > 200
Chloroform 161
Ethyl acetate 35
25. Chloroform extract (40g)
CC Si gel (95:5 CHCl3/MeOH)
28 fractions
SH2C3
CC Lipophilic Sephadex
(95:5 CHCl3/MeOH)
26. Chloroform extract (40g)
CC Si gel (95:5 CHCl3/MeOH)
28 fractions
SH2C3
CC Lipophilic Sephadex
(95:5 CHCl3/MeOH)
SH2C3C
TLC
(97:3) CHCl3/MeOH)
CC Si gel
(95:5 CHCl3/MeOH)
27. Chloroform extract (40g)
CC Si gel (95:5 CHCl3/MeOH)
28 fractions
SH2C3
CC Lipophilic Sephadex
(95:5 CHCl3/MeOH)SH2C3C
SH2C3C-C
33. 1H NMR Spectrum (400 MHz) for crude extract of the leaves
of S. tulae
Alkenes
Oxygenated C’s
C-C σ bonds
34. • Every extract of Guaiacum officinale presented
activity in the Artemia Salina bioassay.
• From spectroscopic chloroform extracts of Guaiacum
officinale are rich in metabolites.
35. The chloroform extract of Simarouba tulae leaves showed
high cytotoxic activity against Artemia Salina and two
breast cancer cell lines.
From spectroscopic data SH2C3C-C is rich in metabolites
The hexane extract of Simarouba tulae leaves showed high
cytotoxic activity against two breast cancer cell lines.
36. • Identification of the main compound of the
Chloroform extract using NMR spectroscopy.
• Perform a Chromatographic analysis of
Chloroform
• To evaluate the cytotoxicity of pure
compounds against cancer cell lines.
37. Batista, J.; Braz, R.; Curcino, I.; Da Silva, M.; Rodrigues E.; Vireira, P. “20(R)- and 20(S)- Simarolide
Epimers Isolated from Simaba cuneata Chemical Shifts Assignment of Carbon and Hydrogen Atoms”. J.
Braz. Chem. Soc., 1999, 10, 76-84.
Beutler, J.; Clement, J.; Goncharova, E.; et al. “ Quassinoid Inhibition of AP-1 Function does not
Correlate with Cytotoxicity or Protein Synthesis Inhibition”. Journal of Natural Products, 2009
Anderson, M.; Gupta, M.; Phillipson, D.; Solis, P.; Colin, W. “A Microwell Cytotoxicity Assay using
Artemia Salina (Brine Shrimp)”. Planta Med, 1993, 59, 250-252.
Guo, Z.; Sindelar, R.D.; Sindelar, R.W.; Vangapandu, S.; Walker, L.A. Biological Actives Quassinoids and
Their Chemistry: Potential Leads for Drug Design. Curr. Med. Chem. 2005, 12, 173-190.
Rhodes, M.; Robins, R. High-performance liquid chromatographic methods for the analysis and
purification of quassinoids from Quassia amara L. J. Chromato. 1984, 283, 436-440.
Ospina, C. A.; Pagán, M.; Carvajal, A.; Claudio, K; Rivera, J.; Ortiz, I.; Hernández, J. In “Cytotoxic
Screening of Tropical Plants Using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test”.; Montes, E. L.; Eds.; Cuadernos de
Investigación Number 7; Instituto de Investigaciones Interdisciplinarias: Cayey, 2009; 1-20.
38. Advising
Claudia Ospina, PhD
Mayra Pagan, PhD
Financial Support
Dean of Academic Affairs
Undergraduate students
Ospina and Pagan’s research group
Technical Support
Chemistry Department
Melvin De Jesus, UPR Humacao
Collaborators
Augusto Carvajal, M.S
Marianela Pérez – School of Pharmacy
UPR
Karla Claudio- Graduate student
Janibeth Hernández-Graduate student
39. Reynaldo J. Morales Rodriguez
Yadira D. Cora Amaro
Elsa M. Luciano Nunez
Claudia A. Ospina, Ph.D.
Mayra Pagán Ortiz, Ph.D.
40. Data Collection
Count the death shrimps Add MeOH Count the total shrimps
Bioassay
Prepare the concentration
assigned to each line
Add 10-15 brine shrimps by
pippeting
Incubate for 24 hours
Samples Preparation
Positive Control: Berberine
Chloride
Negative Control: Saline
Solution
Plants extractions dissolved in
DMSO
Brine shrimp incubation
Specialized recipient
Incubate @ 22-29 ◦C for 48
hours
Larvae emerges by
phototropic effect
Saline Solution
Yeast Marine salt Distilled water