An overview of Ireland's positioning in artificial intelligence, a summary of the European Commission High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence "Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence", and the proposed AI Act. Presented as part of an event organised by the Confirm SFI Centre for Smart Manufacturing.

1. CONFIRM IS THE SCIENCE FOUNDATION IRELAND RESEARCH CENTRE FOR SMART MANUFACTU
AI in Manufacturing & the
Proposed EU AI Act
Professor Barry O’Sullivan, FEurAI, FIAE, FICS, MRIA
School of Computer Science & IT, University College Cork, Ireland
Principal Investigator, Confirm Centre for Smart Manufacturing
Director, SFI Centre for Research Training in Artificial Intelligence
Director, Insight Centre for Data Analytics, UCC
Chair, Expert Group for Future Skills Needs (Committee on AI Skills)
Chair, National Research Ethics Committee for Medical Devices
Chair, Advisory Board, GRACE Project (Europol)
Chair, Oversight Board, Health Data Research UK North
Advisor, AI Watch, European Commission Joint Research Centre
Vice Chair, European Commission High-Level Expert Group on AI (2018-2020)
President, European Artificial Intelligence Association (2018-2020)

2. CONFIRM – SMART MANUFACTURING
AI: The Irish Connection
Boole Turing McCarthy Hinton

4. CONFIRM – SMART MANUFACTURING

5. 5
ACM Turing Award, 2018
Hinton Bengio
Le Cun
Google
Facebook Element.ai

6. CONFIRM – SMART MANUFACTURING

7. @BarryOSullivan
[ European enterprise survey on the use of technologies based on artificial intelligence,
European Commission ]

14. CONFIRM – SMART MANUFACTURING 14
http://altai.insight-centre.org
INDEPENDENT
HIGH-LEVEL EXPERT GROUP ON
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
SET UP BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION
ETHICS GUIDELINES
FOR TRUSTWORTHY AI

15. 15
INDEPENDENT
HIGH-LEVEL EXPERT GROUP ON
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
SET UP BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION
ETHICS GUIDELINES
FOR TRUSTWORTHY AI

16. 16
The 7 Key Requirements for Achieving Trustworthy AI
Human agency &
oversight
AI systems should enable equitable societies by supporting human agency
and fundamental rights, and not decrease, limit or misguide human
autonomy.
Robustness & safety
Trustworthy AI requires algorithms to be secure, reliable and robust enough
to deal with errors or inconsistencies during all life cycle phases of AI systems.
Privacy & data
governance
Citizens should have full control over their own data, while data concerning
them will not be used to harm or discriminate against them.
Transparency The traceability of AI systems should be ensured.
Diversity, non-
discrimination & fairness
AI systems should consider the whole range of human abilities, skills and
requirements, and ensure accessibility.
Societal & environmental
well-being
AI systems should be used to enhance positive social change and enhance
sustainability and ecological responsibility.
Accountability
Mechanisms should be put in place to ensure responsibility and accountability
for AI systems and their outcomes.

17. 17
Trustworthy AI and the GDPR (CIPL)
Human agency and oversight Transparency (art. 13&14) / ADM (art. 22), Right to obtain human intervention
(art. 22(3)) / Risk assessment and DPIA (art. 35)
Robustness and safety Security (art. 32) / Risk Assessment and DPIA (art. 35) / Data accuracy (art.
5(1)(5))
Privacy and data governance Data protection principles (art. 5) and Accountability (art. 24(3)) / Transparency
(art. 13&14) / Consent (art. 7) / Security (art. 32) / DPO (art. 37&38) /
Processor due diligence (art. 28(1))
Transparency Transparency (art. 13&14) / ADM (art. 22)
Diversity, non-discrimination
and fairness
Fairness Data Protection Principle (art. 5.1(a)) / Risk assessment and DPIA (art.
35) / Right to Information on ADM and logic involved (art. 15(1)(h))
Societal and environmental
well-being
Risk Assessment and DPIA (art. 35) / Transparency (art. 13&14)
Accountability Accountability (art. 5(2) & 24(3)) / Risk Assessment and DPIA (art. 35) /
Processor due diligence (art. 28(1))

18. 18
In my first 100 days in office, I will put
forward legislation for a coordinated
European approach on the human and
ethical implications of Artificial
Intelligence.
This should also look at how we can use
big data for innovations that create wealth
for our societies and our businesses.
I will make sure that we prioritise
investments in Artificial Intelligence, both
through the Multiannual Financial
Framework and through the increased use
of public-private partnerships.”
- Ursula von de Leyen

22. A risk-based approach to regulation
Unacceptablerisk
e.g. social scoring
High risk
e.g. recruitment,medical
devices
AI with specific
transparency obligations
‘Impersonation’(bots)
Minimalor no risk
Prohibited
Permittedsubjectto compliance
with AI requirementsand ex-ante
conformityassessment
Permittedbut subject to
information/transparency
Obligations
Permittedwith no restrictions
*Not mutually
exclusive

25. CONFIRM – SMART MANUFACTURING 25
Education and Skills:
The Elements of AI – Free MOOC for All
https://www.elementsofai.com/ie
KPI in Ireland: >50,000 completions

26. CONFIRM – SMART MANUFACTURING 26
Education and Skills:
The Elements of AI – Free MOOC for All
https://www.elementsofai.com/ie
KPI in Ireland: >50,000 completions

27. SFI Centre for Research Training in AI
http://www.crt-ai.ie

28. EG-FSN Committee on AI Skills

29. CONFIRM – SMART MANUFACTURING 29
@BarryOSullivan

32. CONFIRM – SMART MANUFACTURING
Ireland needs a dedicated Government Office for AI
The office should take responsibility for overseeing the
implementation and refinement of the National AI Strategy.
Engage organizations, foster growth and deliver
recommendations around data, skills, investment, and
public/private sector adoption.
Human-centric: ensure AI works for people, maximizing
benefits & minimizing risks (Trustworthy AI).
Adoption focused: supporting adoption across sectors.
Structures and Foundations: create the environment to
empower stakeholders to build and deploy AI. Focus on
skills, data, investment, positioning, advocating, lobbying
and diplomacy.
https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/office-for-
artificial-intelligence
@BarryOSullivan

33. CONFIRM IS THE SCIENCE FOUNDATION IRELAND RESEARCH CENTRE FOR SMART MANUFACTU
AI in Manufacturing & the
Proposed EU AI Act
Professor Barry O’Sullivan, FEurAI, FIAE, FICS, MRIA
School of Computer Science & IT, University College Cork, Ireland
Principal Investigator, Confirm Centre for Smart Manufacturing
Director, SFI Centre for Research Training in Artificial Intelligence
Director, Insight Centre for Data Analytics, UCC
Chair, Expert Group for Future Skills Needs (Committee on AI Skills)
Chair, National Research Ethics Committee for Medical Devices
Chair, Advisory Board, GRACE Project (Europol)
Chair, Oversight Board, Health Data Research UK North
Advisor, AI Watch, European Commission Joint Research Centre
Vice Chair, European Commission High-Level Expert Group on AI (2018-2020)
President, European Artificial Intelligence Association (2018-2020)