History Ia

History Ia
"What was the main cause of the gulf war?"
"What was the main cause of the Gulf War?" Section A
The aim of this investigation is to identify what led the gulf conп¬‚ict become a global war.. I will investigate how a feud dating back to the 1st
world war between Iraq and Kuwait evolved into a 40 billion dollar globally supported war. In this investigation, by careful analysis of chosen texts I
will collect evidence in section B on: A. Minor causes of the Gulf War B. American oil interests in the Middle East C. Intrinsic conп¬‚icts between
Kuwait and Iraq To examine points 1. and 2. I will use Alastair FinlanКјs The Gulf War 1991. In order to examine point 3. I will mainly make reference
to War in the Gulf, 1990–1991: The IraqiKuwait...show more content...
Figure A The relevant sections to our source are points 2. and 3.. The source is an ofп¬Ѓcial memorandum from senior advisors to the leaders of the
government responding to Iraqi aggression in the Middle East. ItКјs purpose was to summarise the crisis, how it affects the US, and possible plans of
government action. Points 2 and 3 justify American involvement in the war and the consequent American military aims. The source was created at
the same time Saddam started moving elements of the Republican Guard to the border with Kuwait, a time when a war was inevitable and the US
needed to determine its course of action. This gives a historian a good idea of why the US decided to intervene in the war. Point 2. provides
evidence which to a historian could justify the war according to the american constitution. Point 2 is also useful to a historian looking for reasons that
the American government (in this case, its leaders) decided to go to war in the far away Middle East. However, this source was only declassiп¬Ѓed in
1997, seven years after it was created. At that time, American aims in the middle east may indeed have changed. The source was also created at the
beginning of the war and thus cannot really explain if these aims were seen through the course of the war. Furthermore, the source is an ofп¬Ѓcial
document that summarizes hundred of issues
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The Persian Gulf War Essay
The Persian Gulf War
The war in the Persian Gulf was a war of religious favor, cruel leadership, and greed. Desert Storm or more commonly known ass The Golf War was
the same type of war that had accrued in this area for many years except for one fact. In Operation Desert Storm, it was a mix of sophisticated
technology and the combined leadership and cooperation from the coalition that was used to end the war in a quick and timely manner. Which in the
end probably saved thousands of lives.
In 1979 Saddam Hussien took control of Iraq, and immediately made his presence known when he killed 21 of his cabinet members. He wanted to
make his country whole once again. So in 1990 he invaded Kuwait and in less than...show more content...
The names of a few of the major countries were Australia, Canada, Czechoslovakia, and Italy. The war was financed by countries that were unable to
send in troops. More than 53 billion was pledged. Saudi Arabia and southern Kuwait were the largest donors. Switzerland also contributed to the allies,
after being neutral during both World War I and World War II.
The largest tank battle in the war conclusively showed the superiority of the coalition's tanks new technology that allowed them to attach at an
impossible distance where they were basically immune from Iraq fire. Another benefit to the new technology was the new types of metal they were
making the tanks out of. It was strong and most importantly light which was necessary for maneuverability reasons. As a whole, the battles showed that
the coalition clearly out classed the tactics of the Iraq's emphasized pitched engagements and linear movements as they had been taught by there soviet
leaders. In the entire Gulf War Iraq lost around 4,000 tanks and the coalition lost only 4. This quote states the truth about the situation inDesert Storm.
"Iraq went from the fourth largest army in the world to the second biggest army in Iraq in 100 hours." Said Lieutenant General Tom Kelly.
On the final night of the war, within hours of the cease fire, two United States Air Force bombers

The Gulf War Essay
The Gulf War
The Gulf War was much more than a fight to liberate Kuwait. It was the first non–conventional war; in which new, fairly new, or even experimental
weapons were used. The Gulf War displayed much new technology that you will learn lots about in this paper. This paper may sound very technical,
but that is what it is about, the new weapon technology vs. the conventional types of weapons used in previous wars. This paper is about the
advancement of weapon technology, and how the military changed the tactics used before.
TOMAHAWK MISSILE and the F–117 Nighthawk (Stealth Fighter) The Tomahawkcruise missile is a computer–guided missile fired from U.S.
combat vessels carrying either 1,000–lb. warheads or a cluster of 166...show more content...
DSMAC snaps a picture of the target area and compares that data to a version in its own memory. The computer then gives the wings and tail fins a
final adjustment and takes the warhead to its target. The Tomahawk and the Tomahawk Antiship missile (TASM) are fitted on Iowa
–class battleships,
cruisers of the Virginia, Long Beach, and Ticonderoga classes, and destroyers of the Arleigh Burke and Spruance classes. "Desert Storm was the first
combat test of the cruise missile system. It also marked the first coordinated Tomahawk and manned aircraft strike in history. Within the first few
minutes of Operation Desert Storm, Tomahawk missiles launched from battleships Missouri and Wisconsin struck with accuracy atIraq's presidential
palace," (Hersh, Press, 1994, p.137).
"During the war, 297 Tomahawks were fired, of which 282 began their mission successfully, nine failed to leave the tube and six fell into the water
after leaving the tube. At least two, and possibly as many as 6 were shot down, most or all of them in a single mission profile most of the way to its
target," (Friedman, Naval Institute Press, 1991, p.231). U.S. Forces used three platforms during the Gulf War that were in the stealth/low–observability
category: the F–117 stealth fighter and two long–range cruise 3 missiles, the Tomahawk Land Attack Missile (TLAM) and the Conventional
Air–Launched Cruise Missile (CALCM).
"The F–117, which flew only two

Persian Gulf War Essay
The Persian Gulf War all started because of one country's greed for oil. Iraq accused Kuwait of pumping oil and not sharing the benfits, and Kuwait
was pumping more oil than allowed under quotas set by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, it decreased the price of oil, Iraq's main
export. Iraq's complaints against Kuwait grew more and more harsh, but they were mostly about money. When Iraqi forces began to assemble near the
Kuwaiti border in the summer of 1990, several Arab states tried to intervene the dispute. Kuwait didn't want to look weak so they didn't ask for any
help from the United States or other non–Arab powers for support. Arab mediators convinced Iraq and Kuwait to negotiate their differences in Saudi
Arabia, on...show more content...
Still other countries made other contributions: Turkey allowed air bases on its territory to be used by coalition planes, and Japan and Germany gave
financial support. The primary goal of the force was to prevent further Iraqi action, but most countries were aware the force might eventually be used to
drive Iraq from Kuwait.
The Iraqis tried to prevent and split the growing international coalition through several means. They made it clear that their adversaries would pay
heavily if war broke out, and they hinted they would use chemical weapons and missile attacks on cities. Iraq also held citizens of coalition countries
who had been in Kuwait at the time of the invasion and said they would be held in militarily camp areas in effect using them as human shields to
prevent coalition attacks. Iraq finally released the last of the foreigners in December 1990 under pressure from several Arab nations. The coalition's
greatest military concern during the closing months of 1990 was that Iraqi forces would attack before coalition forces were fully in place, but no such
attack took place.
On November 29, with coalition forces over whelming in Saudi Arabia and Iraq showing no signs of retreat, the

The Gulf War Essay
The Gulf War
Throughout American history wars have played a huge part. From the start of the country to the present wars have played a lagrge part in shaping
America into the national power that it is today. Not only is America the most pwerful nation in thwe world but it is also the policeman for the entire
world, making and checking up on the world and all the interactions of foreign countries worldwide. Being born in born in the early eighties
prohibitied me from experiencing many of the Americas war firsthand. This however changed early in the 1990's. Early in August 1990 the nation of
Iraq under president and military chief Saddam Husein Invaded the kuwait. After learning of the invasion America along with president...show more
content...
America is one of the most diverse nations in the world, rarely do Americans agree on issues, and a military force is no different. Americans were split
when it came to military force in the Persian Gulf.. Many agreed with the president, feeling that a deadline had been set and since Iraq did not
acknowledge this deadline force should be used to rid Kuwait of Iraq. The other side of felt that America no longer neede to hold its title as
"Police officer of the nation", and that they should work through international diplomacy to solve this issue, rather than use military force. This split
itself posed problems for the middle east struggle, was it going to be another vietnam,? Did the president dare send troops to fight overseas without
the support of the American people? Though many were opposed to military force, it was for many diferent reasons. Some thought that military
force was not needed because the threats imposed by President Bush was in fact acknowledged by the Iraquian troops because they no longer were
advancing in territory and no other territory was currently in danger of being invaded, and it would only be a matter of time before they withdrew
thier troops. David Chandler in a letter to the la times wrote "The official reasons given by the bush adminastration for going to war in the Persian
Gulf are not adequate to explain our agressive

Saddam, Iraq, And The Gulf War Essay
War, justifiable or not, is complete madness. It is hell. No matter what the cause, or what the reason is, war remains mankind's greatest source of
tragedy, the plague of mankind, and the plague of this country. Our country has existed for only 200 years, a relatively short time, and already we
have been involved in over eleven major wars. Four have been fought this last fifty years. We are a nation of freedom, but we are also a nation of
strong military presence. Our reasons for going to war have differed little from most nations. Political, social, and economic factors working alone or
with each other lead us into all of our conflicts. A drive for independence brought on the Revolutionary war. A common fear
...show more content...
Most recently, the Persian Gulf War showed to be one of this country's more popular wars, despite the fact we, as a land mass, were never directly
endangered.
Thousands showed up for rallies to send off the troops. Tens of thousands of individuals and families across the nation sent packages of food, clothes,
cassettes, CDs, suntan oil, and even cosmetics. Some wrote letters to unknown soldiers in the front line, and gave them their best wishes. In fact, most
public opinion polls showed that about 90 percent of all Americans approved of the Gulf War. 3
This paper covers in detail the history of Iraq's involvement in the events leading to the war in the Persian Gulf, the involvement of the United States,
and the main events that took place in Operation
Desert Shield and Desert
Storm.
For centuries, the Middle East has been one of the most important, most argued about, and most fought over areas of the world. One reason for this is
their strategic location.
Since it lies at what many call the "crossroads of three continents–"
Europe, Asia and Africa– people of these continents often had to cross through the Middle East to establish military and trade routes.
To protect these routes, other nations took the advantage of conquering and controlling a nearby Middle Eastern country. An addition to the Middle East

Persian Gulf War Research Paper
The Persian Gulf War was a quick and easy victory for the United States and other coalition countries. From the time that the Coalition used force
against Iraq it only took the coalition a little more than a month to defeat the Iraqi forces. When Operation Desert Storm started Commander H.
Norman Schwarzkopf told his troops "My confidence in you is total; our cause is just. Now you must be the thunder and lightning of Desert Storm"
(Foster 24). Saddam Hussein became president of Iraq in 1979 (Foster 9). The Iran Iraq War lasted from 1980 through 1988. Iran has is seen as the
dominant country in the middle east but has undergone an Islamic Revolution led by ShГa Muslims. Saddam Hussein wanted to be known as the
dominant country in the middle...show more content...
Desert Sabre was a massive coalition ground attack led by the United States. It started just north of Saudi Arabia into Kuwait and Southern Iraq
("Persian Gulf War." Britannica). The elite Iraqi Republican Guard mounted a defense south of Al
–Basrah in southeastern Iraq, but most were defeated
by February 27. At the same time as Desert Sabre, the United States led forces went into Iraq 120 miles west of Kuwait attacking Iraq's armored
reserves from the rear ("Persian Gulf War" History.com). Within three days of Desert, Sabre Kuwait city was taken back by the coalition and
liberated ("Persian Gulf War" History.com). President George H.W. Bush declared a ceasefire on February 28, 1991, officially ending the Persian
Gulf War. Iraq finally agreed to recognize Kuwait's sovereignty. Iraq also agreed to get rid of all its weapons of mass destruction. This included
nuclear and chemical weapons. The coalition decided not to remove Saddam Hussein from power leaving him as the leader of Iraq ("Persian Gulf War"

Gulf War Essay
Gulf War
I. Introduction – Why did a coalition of over 30 nations find it was necessary to go to war to help Kuwait after it was invaded by Iraq? How did the
coalition defeat the Iraqis? And although the coalition won there were many consequences to face when the war ended.
II. Reasons for war
a. Saddam Hussein
b. Iraq's' Economic Crisis
c. Oil
d. Disputes over Boundary
III. Forming of the Coalition
a. Nations joining the Coalition
b. Coalition Strategy
c. Iraqi Strategy
IV. Military Operations
V. Consequences
a. UN–Iraqi Sanctions
b. Casualties
c. Gulf War Syndrome
d. Reconstruction of Kuwait
VI. Conclusion – When the coalition of over 30 nations was formed by President Bush to help Kuwait...show more content...
At this time Iraq had to find money or it would not survive. The only source of money would be to sell Iraq's oil at high prices or to get Kuwait's oil.

Kuwait was a major oil target for Iraq because it would give them major control over the world's oil reserves and a large role in OPEC and its
policies. Despite Kuwait's oil wealth it was already a wealthy country. If it came down to it Kuwait could survive without its oil revenue because of
all its investments. In 1990 when the price of oil started dropping Iraq was in real trouble. At an OPEC meeting in May 1990, Iraq stressed their
anger about Kuwait's over production of oil. On Baghdad Radio it was reported that Saddam Hussein stated that the continuing of over production of
oil and its effect on oil prices was a so–called war on Iraq. Iran supported Iraq when they requested that the minimum price of oil was set to $25 per
barrel, which was $14 at the time. OPEC eventually agreed to $21 per barrel of oil. After the agreement it was assumed that the Iraqi–Kuwaiti dispute
was over. But that assumption was wrong.
There were disputes over the land boundaries and Kuwait's right to stay an independent state. The UK granted Kuwait independence in 1961. The
Iraqis felt that in 1871 when Kuwait became part of the Ottoman providence it belonged to them when Iraq was created by joining the Ottoman
providences of Mosul, Baghdad and Basra. However, there were some

Persian Gulf War Vs Iraq War
The Persian Gulf War or "Gulf War" as many people may not know, are the same exact war. The six month war started on the 2nd of August in 1990
due to leader of Iraq, Suddam Hussein. Sudam's intensions were to invade Kuwait, but aim for their major oil reserves to cancel out past debt Iraq
owed Kuwait, and gain more Iraqi control on the area (www.britanica.com). As a result inIraq's invasion, the world's most popular exporting and
producing country, Saudi Arabia, was then threaten by Iraq, so 180,000 ofUnited States troops were sent to protect Saudi Arabia. However, the United
Nation's Security Council influenced the attack when they tried to convince Iraq to stand down on their invasion and eventually banned any trade with
Iraq. Iraq then

The Gulf War: The Operation Desert Storm
During The Gulf War the public and operational witnessed the debut of unfathomably complicated battle equipment, sleek new aircraft employing
stealth. Arthur C. Clarke also described the Operation Desert Storm as the world's first space war, as none of the accomplishments of America's new
look military would have been possible without support from space. Twelve years later Operation Iraqi Freedom proved that the central role of space
power could no longer be denied. America's military had made the transition from a space–supported to a fully space–enabled force, with astonishing
results. Indeed, the military successfully exercised most of its current space power functions, including space lift, command and control, rapid battle
damage assessment,

The War Of The Gulf War
The Gulf War was a U.N coalition led by the United States against Iraq, in response of Saddam Hussein invasion and occupation of Kuwait. This
war started in 1990 and ended a year later, with Saddam Hussein forces withdrawing from Kuwait and surrendering in Iraq. The war was important
for the US because we showed the world we will stand with by our allies, and this war lead to most of the modern day problems in the Middle East.
Although when we are talking about the Gulf War in America we tend to call the 1990/91 conflict, the Gulf War this was not the first Gulf War in this
region.
The first Gulf War was the Iran–Iraq war, which started in September 1980 and ended August 1988. This war stared over a long history of border
disputes, and was motivated by fears that the Iranian Revolution of 1979 would motivate Iraq 's oppressed Shia majority to rebel. Although Iraq
hoped to take benefit from Iran being involved in a civil and attacked without warning, they made little to no progress into Iran and were quickly
repelled by the numerically superior Iran forces. By June of 1982 Iran regained almost all lost territory and for the next six years, Iran was on the
offensive. This continued up 1988 when Iraqi's changed tactics and stared using chemical weapons. The war ended in a Stalemate with neither side
gaining nor losing land. Although the war saw no land gains the war cost both sides about half a million dead and put Iraq heavily in debt to it Kuwait.
This created the

Gulf War Research Paper
The Gulf War was a tragic series of events, during which Americans opinions about the war differed. Throughout the course of the war, Americans were
battling at the home front with the economic consequences of the war. Americans were also consistently worrying about the soldiers. "During
Operation Desert Shield we defended Saudi Arabia from the impending attack from Iraq. In February 1991, the American military launched a ground
attack which cause Iraq to retreat" (Bush to Send Cheney). One of the other reasons Iraq tried to take control of Saudi Arabia was because the
"President" wanted water control since Iraq was landlocked. The United States knew the further Iraq moved into Kuwait the more likely Iraq would try
to invade other countries. The feelings of...show more content...
In the beginning, most people were against the Gulf war, but president bush decide with the centers help that it was best that we took action while
the war was still being fought. During the war, Americans were still divided but after most people saw the hard work of the troops in Saudi Arabia,
they switched sides. Since it was best to support what the troops were doing after looking at some of the benefits for the other countries. In a poll
done by Gallup during 1990, Nov 15–18, 37% of people were in favor of entering the war and 51% were against the war then 2% were undecided.
Another poll was taken later in 1990, Nov 29–Dec 2, 53% of people were in favor of the war 40% of people were against while 7% were undecided.
This poll shows the changes of Americans feeling throughout the war. After the war, people are still not sure whether it was a smart decision to go to
war with Iraq since the economic conquest adding to our already piling debt to countries. Throughout the Gulf war American opinions changed about
the war, at first they refused to send help, then over time options were swayed over to supporting action in

The Patriot Missile System: The Persian Gulf War
Scuds on Scope Air Defense had a prominent involvement in The Persian Gulf War. The Patriot missile system demonstrated its effectiveness in
combat in 1990 and United States (U.S.) forces as well as Iraqi forces utilized the Homing All the Way Killer (HAWK) missile system. Air Defense's
considerable involvement in the Persian Gulf War accredited to the developments and capabilities of the Patriot missile system along with the
HAWK missile system's Iraqi dilemma. First of all, The Patriot missile system played a vital role during the Persian Gulf War. The Persian Gulf War
was a short war from 2 August 1990 to 28 February 1991. Colonel Joseph G. Garrett, the 11th Air Defense Artillery (ADA) Brigade Commander was
the Air Defense...show more content...
Even with these systems at the enemies' hands, they were never able to successfully take down the coalition aircraft. The system has deployed
various times in several conflicts around the globe. "Although HAWK missile batteries were deployed by the U.S. Army during the conflicts in
Vietnam and Persian Gulf, American troops have never fired this weapon in combat"(United, n.d.). The only reason that U.S. troops never engaged
targets, was because there was a lack of need for it. For instance, there were many Scud missile launches during the Persian Gulf War, however Patriot
battalions were in place to defend against Scuds. Meanwhile, HAWK is an Air–Breathing target weapon, which the enemy did not have access to at the
time. The HAWK missile system has a fairly short history compared to many other weapons and Units. At only 35 years of Army service, it was
short lived and underutilized. The missile system spent most of its time in the Army National Guard (ARNG) rather than active service. This was
mainly due to its high mobility and ease of deployment, making it less cost effective to have active component units. HAWK is a highly praised
Surface to Air Missile (SAM) system, but is no longer in the U.S. Army's arsenal. However, countries such as Sweden, Japan and several Asian Pacific
countries are still utilizing

U.s. Involvement During The Persian Gulf War
.Mohammadamin Montazer
Mr. Kanna
U.S. History, period 1
29 May 2015
U.S. Involvement in 1st Persian Gulf War
"One of the good things about the way the Gulf War ended in 1991 is, you 'd see the Vietnam veterans marching with the Gulf War veterans" (George
H. W. Bush). President Bush stated that the PersianGulf War was not fully supported by the soldiers who fought in the war. Gulf War veterans
marched like Vietnam veterans because they also viewed the war as unjustified. Persian Gulf War veterans would say, "American soldiers lost their
lives' for oil." The first Persian Gulf War started from August 2, 1990 and ended on February 28, 1991. This war began by the invasion of Kuwait by
Iraq. During this invasion some of the oil fields of Kuwait were set on fire and some of the oil spilled to the Persian Gulf. The Persian Gulf was the
oil supplier for western countries. So anything happened to the Persian Gulf, the western countries will naturally react. The factors that led to The
United States' involvement in the first Persian Gulf War included Saddam Hussein's invasion of Kuwait, his control over a sizable share of the
world's oil reserves and his power over the economies of the world. Many Americans believe that the first Persian Gulf War was not necessary for the
United States.
On August 2, 1990, Iraqi leader, Saddam Hussein, attacked Kuwait as a result of overproduction of oil in Kuwait, which had cost Iraq an estimated
$14 billion a year when oil process of obtaining the

1990-1991 Gulf War Essay
1990–1991 Gulf War
The Gulf War, also called The Persian Gulf War, was an international armed crisis instigated by Iraq's invasion to Kuwait in August 1990 and led up to
a war against Iraq. The 1990–1991 Gulf War, according to many war specialists and politicians, represents the first large–scale armed demonstration in
the modern history, since World War II, as it involved two fighting parties: a coalition of more than 35 countries includingCanada, all against Iraq.
Although the decision for the United Nations to wage war against Iraq was not difficult, Canada remained reluctant to take clear and serious measures
in that regard. The Canadian government and the Canadian citizens had different viewpoints that evolved and changed at various...show more content...
Bush. The latter's influence was so noticeable that Mulroney "made decisions regarding Canada's role in the Persian Gulf Crisis without consulting
Cabinet" Robert Davis, pp. 16–17).
The change in Canada's military and political stand was significantly dictated by the change of the Prime Minster. Jean ChrГ©tien, who took over few
months after Mulroney, initiated a new trend in the Canadian stance towards the Gulf War and his decision publicized for that War as an apparent
victory to the coalition, there was a lot of global consternation about that War's legitimacy, costs and results. The lingering effects of that war were not
reflected in the immediate aftermath only, but also in the subsequent years, afflicting all parties involved in that War.
Although not directly involved, Canada's government supported the action of the coalition and, as part of the UN, sent off a naval force composed of
the HMCS Terra Nova, HMCS Athabascan and the HMCS Protecteur. Canadian CF–18 jets, with over 500 personnel, were based in Qatar and
conducted air combat and reconnaissance missions. An air transport group supplied cargo plans for personnel and cargo and over 500 more Canadians
served with the British Division as field hospital

Explain The Realism Of The Gulf War
Abstract
The Gulf War was a brief affair between Kuwait and Iraq in 1990 and 1991 when Iraq invaded Kuwait, yet many additional state and non–state parties
involved. Realism is a theory attempting to explain international relationships, which says that states struggle to hold power and will inevitably be in
conflict with each other because of this. Although realism was a core theory before the Cold War, many believe that it is no longer applicable
post–Cold War.
This paper has three parts. First, it will provide a brief explanation of the Gulf War. Second, it will explain realism including the view of realism's
relevance post–Cold War. Finally, it will discuss the realist interpretation of the actions of three large actors involved in the war:Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and
the United States. This paper will critically discuss the Gulf War and investigate the dynamics and motivations of the three main actors involved from a
realist perspective. This paper will prove that although realism is no longer overt, hidden intentions and behaviors line up to agree with a realist
methodology in international relations.
Realism is one theory that has been used to explain international relationships. However, many say that it is less relevant post–Cold War due to changes
in politics and interactions between states. The...show more content...
Where there were small moments of collaboration, it was only to position one's self to gain power by force. Countries have learned, as if through
rote memorization, that it is not appropriate to attack other states in order to get what they want; they have been taught to try (or pretend to try) and
work together. However, it is all too clear that as soon as the state does not get what it desires in the easy manner, the state acts in a manner explained
by realism, which is to take it by sheer force, perhaps providing a guise for a

INTRODUCTION
1.Warden's Five Rings theory is a model developed by Col. John Warden. It was first applied in a real war setting in the 1991 Gulf war incorporated
in the "Operational Thunder" offensive strategy. It was the key theory that defined Operational Thunder strategy as it was known for American Air
Power in defeating Iraq air force. The concept of the five ring model revolves around five major areas of interest that must be attacked and weekend
sufficiently before enemy forces can be defeated.
2.Warden's Five rings Model analyses Operation Desert Storm. Analysing the enemy as a system, Warden contends that all strategic entities can be
broken down into five component parts. The most crucial element of the system, the innermost ring, is leadership. Extending outward from the
leadership centre, in descending...show more content...
The USA initiated Operation Desert Shield, which was basically the build–up of troops and armament for the defence of Saudi Arabia and also as a
prelude to offensive action against Iraq in an operation codenamed Desert Storm. These operations were made by the coalition forces from 34 nations
led by the USA against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait.
13.When the US and Allied forces positioned armed forces in Saudi Arabia and surrounding countries in the Persian Gulf, President George H W
Bush issued deadlines for the Iraqis to leave Kuwait. Bush bombed strategic Iraqi targets on January 17, 1991 for 100 days and then sent in Ground
Forces in February 1991. The ground campaign lasted only 100 hours.
CENTER OF GRAVITY ANALYSIS: A MODEL
14.Using accurate analysis of centers of gravity, scholars are able to recognize what was decisive in an operation, and what shaped the operations. In
this paper a model that permits insightful analysis of centers of gravity, using four inter–related concepts has been used:
a.Centers of Gravity.
b.Critical Capabilities.
c.Critical Requirements.
d.Critical

Gulf War Syndrome Essay
Gulf War Syndrome
One part of being an American, is giving yourself to your country when deemed necessary. In 1991, the United States took action in the Gulf War,
where many US solders were sent. In fact, a total of 697,000 solders took part in the Gulf War. And of that amount, 6% (about 45,000) veterans have
reported an ailment related to this war. Much chaos arose from these sicknesses, and from this a syndrome was born. The syndrome is called theGulf
War Syndrome. Wether this is myth or not has been throughly researched, but how can one claim 45,000 veterans to be falsely accusing an ailment
they believe to be at fault of the Gulf War?
There are many different sides of these syndrome, and much hype about who's right and...show more content...
These scenario may seemed far–fetched, but unfortunately there are many more stories as outrageous and even more so. Another unfortunate symptom
is birth–defects. 67% of the Gulf War veterans' babies are born deformed.
Humans weren't the only ones which were effected by this syndrome. What were once battle fields for the Gulf War, were later used for agricultural
purposes. Sheep particularly were raised in these areas. Many sheep died mysteriously, and other sheep became very sick. To prevent more sick sheep,
agricultural organophosphates are carefully established on the known degree of toxicity of each compound. The organophosphorous used is Bayer 21
/99, which is a popular compound that inhibits treated animals from the skin and digestive tract. Sheep are also more susceptible to poisoning then
cattle and most other emaciated animals. Pre–treatment consisted of weighing, ear tagging, and the collection of blood samples for a baseline red cell
count. It is shown that animals which have been treated have a much higher tolerance to poisons and a less likely to have more ailments. Symptoms
include: Irregular gait with generalized muscular weakness and severe diarrhea. Slight increase in salivation and isolated diarrhea. Irregular gait with
generalized muscular weakness and severe diarrhea.
Much of the GULF WAR SYNDROMEhype arose because of

Causes and Effects of the Persian Gulf War Essay
Causes and Effects of the Persian Gulf War
The Persian Gulf War, often referred to as Operation Desert Storm, was perhaps one of the most successful war campaigns in the history of warfare.
Saddam Hussein, leader of Iraq, invaded Kuwait in 1990. In 1991, after weeks of air strikes, US ground forces entered Iraq and Kuwait and eliminated
Iraqi presence in 60 hours.
Why Would Iraq invade Kuwait?
Kuwait supplies much of the world's oil supplies, and when Hussein invaded Kuwait, he controlled 24% of the world's oil supplies (O'Hara). Though
this is a good reason, it is not the only one. Iraq's real excuse for annexing Kuwait was that he believed that Kuwait was producing more oil than it was
supposed to, taking out of Iraq's...show more content...
Just before the United States began air strikes over Iraq, Hussein decided to test his new weapon on the city of Iraq. Little damage was caused, but it
just was another excuse for the United States to attack (NSA).
What happened after the Persian Gulf War?
"Because the world would not look the other way...tonight, Kuwait is free." Those were the words of President Bush after the end of OperationDesert
Storm. Though free, Kuwait was a war torn country. While Iraqi troops were retreating, they set fire to many of the Kuwait oil fields causing a
constant blaze. Along with a defeat, Iraq has to accept strict cease–fire terms set on by the UN. They include No–Fly–Zones on the north and south
borders of Iraq, frequent military inspections, destroy all chemical and ballistic missiles in its possession, and stop any nuclear weapons programs
(Brown).
Though only about 367 Americans died in this war, about 160 of them were from friendly fire, which is when someone is killed by their own country
on accident. This is because of the new "high–tech" weapons where at times, only infrared light can be read, making it impossible to decipher which
is friend or foe (Friendly Fire).

After the war, many of the soldiers who fought developed what is known as Gulf War Syndrome. Speculation is that the cause may be chemical or
biological weapons used, but nothing has ever been confirmed (Brown).
Towards the beginning

History Ia

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