United Nations Declaration of Human Rights

2. “which should be available to all persons
irrespective of nationality, sex, age, race, religion, caste
language, or any of them.”
with all people
having equal rights by virtue of being human
these rights cannot be taken
away unless the person is found guilty of a crime by a court
of law
without civil and political
rights people cannot assert their economic, social and
cultural rights as confirmed byVienna Declaration and
‘Programme of Action’ at theWorld Conference on
Human Rights ( 1993)……….

3. States assume
obligations and duties under international law to respect,
to protect and to fulfill human rights to against human
rights abuse and must take positive action to felicitate
the enjoyment of basic Human rights

5.  After the WW II – UN formed the
‘Commission on Human Rights’ in 1946
 It is the principal policy-making body of
UN for human-rights
 Eleanor Roosevelt Chair-person of the
Commission - defined basic rights &
freedoms
 United Nations General Assembly
adopted the Universal Declaration of
Human Rights on 10th Dec 1948, Paris

9.  Political Rights
1. Right to elect one’s government
2. Right to nationality
3. Right to participate in government
4. Equal access to public services
 Economic Rights
1. Right to own property
2. Equal pay for equal work
3. Right to work & protection against unemployment
4. Right to social security and right to join trade unions
 Social Rights
1. Right to marry and form a family
2. Assistance to mother & child and protection of the family
3. Right to education

10.  Civil Rights
1. Right to life, liberty and security of person
2. Equality before law and equal protection of law
3. Freedom of movement & residence within the
borders of one’s state
4. Freedom of speech, thoughts, and religion
 Cultural Rights
1. Freedom to participate in cultural life of society
2. Protection of moral & material interests
resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic
production

12. rights are self-evident
truths and can be asserted anywhere and everywhere
all are equal in
rights and dignity. Everyone should have same rights and opportunity
man posses ‘reason’ to distinguish
between right and wrong. Everyone is required to respect the rights and
interest of other persons to promote harmony and spirit of common
brotherhood
a State shall not discriminate
against any citizen on grounds of race, colour, sex, religion, place of
birth because freedom is instilled in his nature. However State may
make special provisions for advancement of weaker sections
applied to all territories and countries
and is not limited only to the self-governing States

17. VIOLATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
 GENOCIDE REFERSTO INTERNATIONAL EXTERMINATION OF A SINGLE
ETHNIC, RACIAL OR A RELIGIOUS GROUP. KILLING GROUP MEMBERS
CAUSING SERIOUS BODILY OR MENTAL HARM OR FORCIBLY
TRANSFERRING CHILDREN ARE ALL WAYSTO BRING ABOUT
DESTRUCTION OF A GROUP
 WAR CRIMES –TAKING HOSTAGES, BOMBING OR FIRING AT CIVILIAN
LOCALITIESTHAT ARE UNDEFENDED – SCHOOLS, HOSPITALS ETC,
INHUMANTREATMENT OF PRISONERS AND PURPOSELESS
DESRRUCTION OF PROPERTY

18. 1994 genocide in Africa
Hutus attempt to kill allTutsis
kill almost one million

19. War crimes, Slavery, bonded
labour, torture, deliberate
starvation, violence, mass
expulsion, forced relocation,
discrimination on basis of
religion, ethnicity, race or
gender…….

20. Child labour, torture, inhuman
conditions in juvenile homes and
orphanages, corporal punishments,
trafficking, prostitution, discrimination,
physical and sexual violence
Children’s physical and intellectual immaturity makes them
particularly vulnerable to human rights violation

21. Sexual assault, rape and domestic violence against women…….
Discrimination against women – strict
dress code, denial of political rights,
education and job training and forcible
marriage etc impose severe limitation
on their rights and liberties