About the montessori education

1. METHODS OF TEACHING BY
MONTESSORI
SUBMITTED BY:
PRIYENKA R NAIR
ROLL NO:10
ENGLISH

2. MARIA MONTESSORI
● Born in italy on 31 August 1870.
● She was a famous italian physician educator.Best know for the philosophy of
education that bears her name.
● Nowadays her educational method is used in many public and private school.
“Free the child's potential and you
will transform him into the world.”

3. MONTESSORI METHOD OF TEACHING
● Montessori is an approach to the education of children. It is a way of looking at, and
understanding, children. It is a view of how children develop and learn which has
been translated into a systematic method of education based upon careful scientific
study.
● The Montessori Method was created in the early 20th century by Maria Montessori,
an Italian educator and physician.
● The philosophical tenet behind the Montessori Method is that children each have their
own internal guidance for self-directed development.
● The teacher acts as a guide, watching over the classroom to remove obstacles from
learning but not participating as a direct instructor.
● Lessons given by the teacher often involve how to use or play with the various
instructional toys in the classroom.

4. DIDACTIC APPARATUS

5. ● Children between 2½ and 7 years were admitted in Montessori schools. Montessori
designed special kinds of playthings for children. These are called Didactic apparatus,
meaning "apparatus for teaching".
● Cards on which are pasted sandpaper letters.
● Two sets of alphabets of coloured cardboard and of different sizes.
● A series of cards on which are pasted sandpaper.
● A series of large cards for the enumeration of numbers above ten.
● Two boxes with small stick for counting.
● Drawings.
● She used simple to complex method.

6. CONTRIBUTIONS OF MONTESSORI METHOD
● Montessori observed that young children learn best through the use of their senses.
They need to touch, feel, move, see, hear, smell and taste. This discovery opened the
new era of sensory of learning in the field of pre school education.
● She developed a unique system of early childhood education named Montessori
System which has been used effectively with mentally retarded, physically
handicapped, normal and gifted children in different countries around the world.
● The idea of providing a specially prepared environment called Children's House that
initiates and facilitates auto education, is another exciting contribution of Montessori.
● She discovered that children have basic needs and natural tendencies, and when these
are met the children progress rapidly.

7. ● Montessori developed a series of standardised sensorial materials called 'didactic
apparatus' which have been widely used for the kinaesthetic training and sense
training of preschool children.
● Montessori discovered that there are "planes of development during which children
have different focuses and learn in different ways, so she designed her schools to
cater to these natural patterns.
● She has been called as the liberator of the child's soul.

8. PRINCIPLES OF MONTESSORI METHOD
i. Principle of development from within
ii.Principle of independence and freedom.
iii.Principle of instinctive learning.
iv. Principle of no rewarding and non punishing.
v. Principle of sense training.
vi. Principle of auto education.

9. 10 PRINCIPLES OF MONTESSORI EDUCATION
Respect for the Child:
Much of the Montessori philosophy stems from a deep respect for
children. This involves respecting the uniqueness of every child, their freedom to choose,
to move, to correct their own mistakes, and to work at their own pace. Montessori
educators work and interact with children from a place of genuine respect.

10. Absorbent mind:
Doctor Maria Montessori’s research determined that the first six years of life are the most
crucial in a child’s development. She termed this stage the period of the ‘absorbent mind’
to describe the child’s sponge-like capacity to absorb information from their environment.
During this time, children rapidly develop an understanding of their culture, and their
world, and construct the foundations of their intelligence and personality.

11. Sensitive Periods:
Doctor Maria Montessori observed that children pass through specific stages in their
development when they are most capable of learning specific knowledge areas and skills.
She termed these stages ‘sensitive periods,’ which essentially describe windows of
opportunity for learning. Characteristics of sensitive periods include: intense focus,
repetition, commitment to a task, and greatly extended periods of concentration.

12. Educating the Whole Child:
Montessori education is focused on nurturing each child’s potential by providing learning
experiences that support their intellectual, physical, emotional and social development. In
addition to language and mathematics, the Montessori Curriculum also covers practical
life, sensorial, and culture. All aspects of children’s development and learning are
intertwined and viewed as equally important.

13. Individualised Learning:
Montessori learning programs are personalised to each child based on their unique stage of
development, interests, and needs. Lessons with the Montessori materials are presented
one-on-one based on each child’s academic progress. Educators track each child’s
progress and support them as they progress through the curriculum.

14. Freedom of Movement and Choice:
Doctor Maria Montessori observed that children learn best when they are free to move,
free to choose their own work, and follow their interests. In a Montessori classroom,
children are free to move around the prepared environment, work where they feel they will
learn best, and discover learning outcomes through hands-on experience. Montessori
learning is largely active, individually paced, often self-correcting, and tailored to the
needs and interests of each individual child.

15. Prepared Environment:
The Montessori classroom is also known as the prepared environment. This is a carefully
prepared learning space where everything has a purpose and a place. There is a distinct
sense of order which assists children in developing logical thought processes. The
fundamental idea is “order in environment and mind.” Within this space, children are free
to follow their interests, choose their work, and progress at their own pace.

16. Intrinsic Motivation:
The Montessori approach takes the view that learning is it’s own reward. In the Montessori
classroom there’s aren’t any gold stars to reward children’s learning. Instead, children
derive a sense of accomplishment from completing an activity and learning to do it for
themselves.

17. Independence:
Montessori is an education for independence. It provides children with the environment,
materials, and guidance to learn to do and think for themselves. It views children as born
learners who are capable and willing to teach themselves when provided with the right
stimulus. The ultimate goal of Montessori education is independence.

18. Auto-Education:
One of the core principles of the Montessori Method is the concept of auto-education. It’s
based on the belief that children are capable and willing to teach themselves if they are
provided with interesting learning stimulus. Montessori materials were developed to meet
this need and empower children with the ability to direct their own education. Montessori
educators provide the prepared environment, guidance, and the encouragement for
children to educate themselves.

19. SIMILARITIES OF KINDERGARTEN AND
MONTESSORI METHOD
● Both Kindergarten and Montessori System are concerned with the education of young
children.
● Both advocates the child's right to be active, to explore his environment and develop
his own inner resources through every form of investigation and creative effort.
● Both systems give importance on the needs for training of the senses.
● Both methods affirm the need for free bodily activity, for rhythmic exercises, and for
the development of muscular control.
● Work with the objects for formal sensory, motor and intellectual training is a
common feature in both methods.

20. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN KINDERGARTEN AND
MONTESSORI METHOD
KINDERGARTEN
(i) It is developed by Froebel.
(ii) It is based on philosophical
principles.
(iii) More scope for social development
of children.
(iv) Importance has given to
development of imagination.
MONTESSORI METHOD
(i) It is developed by Montessori
(ii) It is based on scientific principles.
(iii) Comparatively less scope for
social development of children.
(iv) Importance has given to
development of realities of life.

21. (v) Classroom teaching is the most
important part of instruction.
(vi) Sense training is achieved through
gifts.
(vii) In principle, Kindergarten system is
more formal than Montessori System.
(viii) There is direct teaching.
(v) Individual learning is the most
important part of instruction.
(vi) Sense training is achieved through
didactic apparatus.
(vii) It is less formal than Kindergarten
System.
(viii) No direct teaching.

22. ADVANTAGE OF MONTESSORI METHOD
● It provides hands-on learning.
● Enhanced social interaction .
● Learning environment.
● Develops skills .
● Children develop independently, without the interference and pressure of
adults.
● They discover the world with the help of their own experience.
● Everyone can have an individual rate of development.
● Children learn to respect the personal space of others in their environment.
● There is no negative, violent, or critical attitude towards students.

23. DISADVANTAGES OF MONTESSORI METHOD
● It is too expensive.
● Small student community.
● There is not enough opportunities.
● Need very skillful teachers.
● Independence is not always helpful.
● For pre-school children play is the main activity but the montessori system
believes that toys do not provide the child with benefits for practical life.
● Children raised by the montessori method sometimes find it difficult to adapt
to the discipline of a traditional school

24. Montessori believed that "it is necessary for the teacher to
guide the child without letting him feel her presence too much,
so that she may be always ready to supply the desired help, but
may never be the obstacle between the child and his
experience" (Montessori, 1967).

25. TEACHER’S ROLE IN MONTESSORI METHOD
● Make children the centre of learning because, as Montessori said, "The teacher's task
is not to talk, but to prepare and arrange a series of motives for cultural activity in a
special environment made for the child".
● Encourage children to learn by providing freedom for them in the prepared
environment.
● Observe children so as to prepare the best possible environment.
● Prepare the learning environment by ensuring that learning materials are provided in
an orderly format and the materials provide for appropriate experiences for all the
children.
● Respect each child and their work.

26. CONCLUSION
● Montessori classroom is different from a typical classroom.
● It believes that every child should be given the chance to learn at their own pace.
● It is a recognised approach all over the world.
● This system of education is effective in helping children to grow socially and
cognitively,providing them with opportunities to learn in an environment that
promotes independent decision making.

27. THANK YOU!☺️