Assignment no.2 course swm103

1. SOCIAL REFORM MOVEMENTS
IN INDIA
A STEP TO MODERNIZATION OF
INDIA

2. SOCIAL REFORM MOVEMENT
Introduction: Social reform movement is type of social
movement that aim is betterment and development of
society.
Definition: Certain social and political changes brought in
society for betterment through collective action are
generally called Social Reform Movement.
Collective
Action
Ideology
Agenda
strategyOrganization
Leadership

3. Characteristics
Rationalism: A rationalist critique of socio-religious
reality generally characterized the nineteenth
century reforms. A rational and secular outlook was
very much evident in positing an alternative to the
prevalent social practices.
Religious Universalism: An important religious idea
in nineteenth century was universalism a belief in
unity of godhead and emphasis on religious being
essentially the same.
The reformer’s emphasis on universalism was an
attempt to contend with this particularising pull.

5. Casteism
It was the chief hindrance
of the way of development.
Every religion was divided
in different category fixed
by birth and high cast
started exploitation of
lower cast.

6. Polygamy
Idolatry
Untouchability

7. Social reform in India did not ordinary mean, as it did in the west, a
recognition of entire structure of society with a view to the alleviation of
condition of underprivileged; rather it
mean the infusion into the existing social structure of new ways of life
and mode of behaviour. Generally Such changes was gradual and incited
only by the upper classes.
Social change in India was for a very long time based on filtration theory;
the filtration of attitudes and mode of behaviour from the upper layers
of society to lower ones.
Social reforms are so closely intertwined with religious thought and
efforts in every part of India.

8. Hindu Reform Movement
Bramha
Samaj
Movement
and Raja
Ram
Mohan Ray
Prarthana
Samaj
Movement
and M. G.
Ranade
Arya Samaj
Movement
and
Dayanand
Saraswati
Satya
Sodhak
Samaj
Movement
and
Mahatma
Jyotiba
Phule
Rajmundary
Social
Reform
Mvement
and
Veerchand
Gandhi

9. Raja Ram Mohan Ray And Bramha Samaj Movement
• Raja Ram Mohan Ray, father of India’s
renaissance , founded a theistic
society opposed to polytheism,
mythology and idolatry.
• The first and most influential of all
the religious movements.
• Ram Mohan Ray protest strongly
against the practice of Sati, Polygamy
and Slavery.
• He opened a Hindu College in
Calcutta in 1817.
• The Great achievement of thisw
movement was Abolition of practice
of ‘Sati’ in 1829 by that time Indian
Government

10. M.G. Ranade And Prarthna Samaj
Movement
• In 1867, a theistic society was actually founded by
Atmaram Pandurang
• also know as Prarthana Samaj movement.
• M. G. Ranade was great activist of that movement .
• His own Theist’s confession of Faith is a brave attempt
to give the thought of the samaj.
• There were four reform sought by this movement as The
abandonment of Caste, The Introduction of Widow
Remarriage, The encourageement of Female Education,
and Abolition of Child Marriage.
• Justice Ranade founded Widow Remarriage Asssociation
and Deccan Education Society for Reform.
• This movement was an offshoot of Bramha Samaj
Movement

11. Dayanand Saraswati And Arya Samaj
Movement
• Arya Samaj, Society of Aryan founded by
Dayanand Saraswati in 1975.
• Dayanand Saraswati initiated a number of
reform movemnets with slogan ‘GO BACK
TO VEDAS’ in his book Satyarth Prakash
• He undertook a tour of entire country
condemned the caste systm, idolotry, and
child marriage.

14. .